Kọ́ndọ̀mù
| Kọ́ndọ̀mù | |
|---|---|
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| Ìpínsọ́wọ̀ àti àwọn òkunfà ìta |
Kọ́ndọ̀mù (condom) jẹ́ ohun èlò ìdènà tí o ní irisi àpòfẹ́lẹ́fẹ́lẹ́ tí a n lò lakoko ìbálòpò láti dínkù ìṣeeṣe oyún tàbí (STI).[1] Kọ́ndọ̀mù ti akọ àti abo ló wà.[2] Pẹ̀lú lílo dáradára àti lílo ni gbogbo ìgbà ìbálòpò - àwọn obìnrin tí àwọn alabàṣepọ̀ wọn n lo kọ́ndọ̀mù ọkùnrin ní rírí Òṣùwòn oyún 2% fún ọdún kan.[1] Pẹ̀lú, oṣuwọn oyun jẹ 18% fun ọdun kan.[3] Lilo wọn dinku eewu gonorrhea, chlamydia, trichomoniasis, jedojedo B, ati HIV/AIDS.[1] Wọ́n tún máa ń dáàbò bò ó lọ́wọ́ àwọn egbòogi ìbílẹ̀, papillomavirus ènìyàn (HPV), àti syphilis.[1]
A ti yi kọ́ndọ̀mù ọkùnrin naa sori kòfẹ ti o duro ṣinṣin ṣaaju àjosepọ̀ àti ṣiṣé nípa dídida ìdènà ti ara eyiti o ṣe idiwọ àtọ lati wọ inu ara ti alábàṣepọ̀ ìbálòpò.[4] [5] Àwọn kọ́ndọ̀mù akọ jẹ́ deede láti inú latex àti tí o kéré jùlo, láti polyurethane, polyisoprene, tàbí ìfun ọ̀dọ́-àgùntàn.[4] Àwọn kọ́ndọ̀mù ọkùnrin ní àwọn ànfàní ti ìrọ̀rùn ti lílò, irọrun àrọ́wótó, àti àwon ipa ègbẹ díè (àbàwón).[4] Nínu àwọn ti o ní áléjì latex kan yẹ kí o lo polyurethane tàbí ẹèyà sintetiki miran.[4] Àwọn kọ́ndọ̀mù obìnrin jẹ deede láti polyurethane àti pé o le ṣee lò ní ọ̀pọ̀lọpò ìgbà.[5]
Lati ọdun 1954 ni àwon kọ́ndọ̀mù ti sise gẹ́gẹ́bí olùdènà àrun STI.[6] Àwọn kọ́ndọ̀mù rọ́bà ti wà láti ọdún 855, leyin naa ni àwọn kọ́ndọ̀mù tuntun mi wáyé lọdun 1920.[7] [8] kọ́ndọ̀mù wà nínu àwon ohun èlò ti o se pataki julo ti (Akojọ Awọn oogun Pataki) ti Ajo Agbaye fun Ilera yan.[9] Iye owo osunwon ni agbaye to sese ndagbasoke jẹ nipa 0.03 si US$0.08 kọọkan. Ní Orílè Amẹrika, owó tí wón n ta kọ́ndọ̀mù je US$1.00.[10] Ní káríayé díè bi ìdámèwá (less than 10%) gbogbo àgbáyé ni àwọn tí won ñ lo kọ́ndọ̀mù fun ìfètò sómo bíbí je.[11] Òṣùwòn lílo kọ́ndọ̀mù ga julọ ni àwon ìlú àgbáyé ti won ti ni ìrírí ìdàgbàsókè. Ní odun 2018, bi 5.1% ni lilo kọ́ndọ̀mù jé l'orile Naijiria nigbati ni ìwo oòrùn Afirika (Western Africa) Jé 3.9%.[12] Ni United Kingdom kọ́ndọ̀mù jẹ ohun èlò ònà kejì tó wópò jùlọ fún ìfètò somo bibi (22%) nigbati ni orile Amerika, o je ohun èlò keta to wópò julo fún ifeto somo bibi (iṣakoso ibimọ) (15%).[13] [14] O fẹrẹ to bilionu mẹéfa si mẹsan ni a ta ni ọdun kan.[15]
Awọn itọkasi
[àtúnṣe | àtúnṣe àmìọ̀rọ̀]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Hatcher, Robert Anthony; M.D, Anita L. Nelson (2007) (in en). Contraceptive Technology. Ardent Media. pp. 297–311. ISBN 9781597080019. Archived from the original on 2017-09-18. https://web.archive.org/web/20170918185600/https://books.google.com/books?id=txh0LpjjhkoC&pg=PA297.
- ↑ WHO Model Formulary 2008. World Health Organization. ISBN 9789241547659.
- ↑ Trussell, J. "Contraceptive efficacy". Ardent Media. Archived from the original on 2013-11-12. https://web.archive.org/web/20131112130150/http://www.contraceptivetechnology.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/CTFailureTable.pdf.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Hatcher, Robert Anthony; M.D, Anita L. Nelson (2007) (in en). Contraceptive Technology. Ardent Media. pp. 297–311. ISBN 9781597080019. Archived from the original on 2017-09-18. https://web.archive.org/web/20170918185600/https://books.google.com/books?id=txh0LpjjhkoC&pg=PA297.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Speroff, Leon; Darney, Philip D. (2011) (in en). A Clinical Guide for Contraception. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 305–307. ISBN 9781608316106. Archived from the original on 2016-11-14. https://web.archive.org/web/20161114203840/https://books.google.com/books?id=f5XJtYkiJ0YC.
- ↑ Contraceptive Technology. Ardent Media. Archived from the original on 2017-09-18. https://web.archive.org/web/20170918185600/https://books.google.com/books?id=txh0LpjjhkoC&pg=PA297.
- ↑ The Anthem Anthology of Victorian Sonnets. Anthem Press. https://books.google.com/books?id=GQxdE8Ryz9YC&pg=PR51.
- ↑ Classes and Cultures: England 1918–1951. Oxford University Press. https://books.google.com/books?id=xYuoPxzjnXUC&pg=PA305.
- ↑ World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization.
- ↑ Contraception. John Wiley & Sons. Archived from the original on 2020-07-29. https://web.archive.org/web/20200729155934/https://books.google.com/books?id=ksjJcx1CeKcC&lpg=PA15&pg=PA15. Retrieved 2020-07-30.
- ↑ AIDS and Women's Reproductive Health. Springer Science & Business Media. https://books.google.com/books?id=8KWvBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA6.
- ↑ Contraceptive Use by Method: data booklet" (PDF). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. 2019. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 December 2020. Retrieved 2 January 2021.
- ↑ Medical Law and Ethics. Oxford University Press. https://books.google.com/books?id=N9JFAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA271.
- ↑ Current Contraceptive Use and Variation by Selected Characteristics Among Women Aged 15–44: United States, 2011–2013.
- ↑ Dominance and Aggression in Humans and Other Animals: The Great Game of Life. Academic Press. https://books.google.com/books?id=6sGpDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT529.