PART 1 U.K.Income tax, corporation tax and capital gains tax

Income tax charge, rates etcU.K.

1Income tax charge for tax year 2021-22U.K.

Income tax is charged for the tax year 2021-22.

2Main rates of income tax for tax year 2021-22U.K.

For the tax year 2021-22 the main rates of income tax are as follows—

(a)the basic rate is 20%,

(b)the higher rate is 40%, and

(c)the additional rate is 45%.

3Default and savings rates of income tax for tax year 2021-22U.K.

(1)For the tax year 2021-22 the default rates of income tax are as follows—

(a)the default basic rate is 20%,

(b)the default higher rate is 40%, and

(c)the default additional rate is 45%.

(2)For the tax year 2021-22 the savings rates of income tax are as follows—

(a)the savings basic rate is 20%,

(b)the savings higher rate is 40%, and

(c)the savings additional rate is 45%.

4Starting rate limit for savings for tax year 2021-22U.K.

(1)For the tax year 2021-22, the amount specified in section 12(3) of ITA 2007 (the starting rate limit for savings) is “£5,000”.

(2)Accordingly, section 21 of that Act (indexation) does not apply in relation to the starting rate limit for savings for that tax year.

5Basic rate limit and personal allowance for future tax yearsU.K.

(1)For the tax years 2022-23, 2023-24, 2024-25 [F1, 2025-26, 2026-27 and 2027-28], the amount specified in section 10(5) of ITA 2007 (basic rate limit) is “£37,700”.

(2)For the tax years 2022-23, 2023-24, 2024-25 [F2, 2025-26, 2026-27 and 2027-28], the amount specified in section 35(1) of ITA 2007 (personal allowance) is “£12,570”.

(3)Accordingly—

(a)section 21 of ITA 2007 (indexation of basic rate limit) does not apply in relation to the basic rate limit, and

(b)section 57 of ITA 2007 (indexation of allowances) does not apply in relation to the amount specified in section 35(1) of that Act,

for the tax years 2022-23, 2023-24, 2024-25 [F3, 2025-26, 2026-27 and 2027-28].

Corporation tax charge and ratesU.K.

6Charge and main rate for financial years 2022 and 2023U.K.

(1)Corporation tax is charged for the financial years 2022 and 2023.

(2)The main rate of corporation tax—

(a)is 19% for the financial year 2022, and

(b)is 25% for the financial year 2023.

7Small profits rate chargeable on companies from 1 April 2023U.K.

(1)Schedule 1 contains the following provision (with effect from 1 April 2023)—

(a)provision for corporation tax to be charged at the standard small profits rate on profits that are not ring fence profits,

(b)provision for marginal relief to be given by reference to the standard marginal relief fraction,

(c)provision making corresponding amendments to Chapter 3A of Part 8 of CTA 2010 (corporation tax rates on ring fence profits), and

(d)provision making other consequential amendments to provision made by the Corporation Tax Acts.

(2)For the financial year 2023—

(a)the standard small profits rate is 19%, and

(b)the standard marginal relief fraction is 3/200ths.

Rate of diverted profits taxU.K.

8Increase in the rate of diverted profits taxU.K.

(1)In section 79 of FA 2015 (charge to diverted profits tax)—

(a)in subsection (2)(a) (which sets the rate in a standard case), and

(b)in subsections (3) and (3A) (which contain modifications of the rate in the case of ring fence profits or banking surcharge profits),

for “25%” substitute “ 31% ”.

(2)The amendments made by this section have effect for accounting periods beginning on or after 1 April 2023.

(3)The remaining provisions of this section deal with a case where a company has an accounting period (a “straddling period”) beginning before 1 April 2023 and ending on or after that date.

(4)For the purpose of calculating the amount of diverted profits tax chargeable on a company for the straddling period—

(a)so much of the straddling period as falls before 1 April 2023, and

(b)so much of it as falls on or after that date,

are to be treated as separate accounting periods.

(5)If it is necessary to apportion an amount for the straddling period to the two separate accounting periods, the apportionment is to be made on a time basis according to the respective lengths of the separate accounting periods.

Capital allowances: super-deductions etcU.K.

9Super-deductions and other temporary first-year allowancesU.K.

(1)Part 2 of CAA 2001 has effect as if—

(a)in section 39 (first-year allowances available for certain types of qualifying expenditure only) a reference to this section were included in the list of provisions describing first-year qualifying expenditure, and

(b)in the Table in section 52(3) (amount of first-year allowances), at the end there were inserted—

(2)Expenditure is qualifying under this subsection if—

(a)it is incurred on or after 1 April 2021 but before 1 April 2023,

(b)it is incurred by a company within the charge to corporation tax,

(c)it is expenditure on plant or machinery which is unused and not second-hand,

(d)it is not within any of the general exclusions in section 46(2) of CAA 2001,

(e)it is not special rate expenditure, and

(f)it is not expenditure on the provision of plant or machinery for use wholly or partly for the purposes of a ring fence trade.

Expenditure qualifying under this subsection is referred to as “super-deduction expenditure” and a first-year allowance made as a result of expenditure qualifying under this subsection is referred to as a “super-deduction”.

(3)Expenditure is qualifying under this subsection if—

(a)it is special rate expenditure,

(b)it is incurred on or after 1 April 2021 but before 1 April 2023,

(c)it is incurred by a company within the charge to corporation tax,

(d)it is expenditure on plant or machinery which is unused and not second-hand, and

(e)it is not within any of the general exclusions in section 46(2) of CAA 2001.

Expenditure qualifying under this subsection is referred to as “SR allowance expenditure” and a first-year allowance made as a result of expenditure qualifying under this subsection is referred to as an “SR allowance”.

(4)Expenditure is qualifying under this subsection if—

(a)it is expenditure on the provision of plant or machinery for use partly for the purposes of a ring fence trade and partly for the purposes of another qualifying activity,

(b)it is incurred on or after 1 April 2021 but before 1 April 2023,

(c)it is incurred by a company within the charge to corporation tax,

(d)it is not within any of the general exclusions in section 46(2) of CAA 2001, and

(e)it is not special rate expenditure.

(5)A first-year allowance made as a result of expenditure qualifying under subsection (4) is to be allocated between the ring fence trade and the other qualifying activity on a just and reasonable basis.

(6)This section has effect as if it were contained in Chapter 4 of Part 2 of CAA 2001 (which, among other things, means that sections 5 and 50 of that Act are relevant for the purpose of determining when expenditure is incurred).

(7)For the purpose of determining when expenditure is incurred for the purpose of subsection (2)(a) or (3)(b), if an amount of expenditure is incurred as a result of a contract entered into before 3 March 2021—

(a)section 5 of CAA 2001 does not apply, and

(b)the expenditure is instead treated for that purpose as incurred when the contract was entered into (whether or not an unconditional obligation to pay it arises on or after that date).

(8)For the purpose of determining whether a person is entitled to a super-deduction or an SR allowance, section 67 of CAA 2001 (plant or machinery treated as owned by person entitled to benefit of contract, etc) applies as if for subsection (1)(b) of that section there were substituted—

“(b)the expenditure is incurred under a contract in respect of which Conditions A and B in section 1129 of CTA 2010 (definition of hire-purchase agreement) are met on the basis that—

(i)the “goods” referred to in those conditions are the plant or machinery, and

(ii)the person to whom they are bailed or hired is the person who incurs the expenditure.”

(9)General exclusion 6 in section 46(2) of CAA 2001 (expenditure on provision of plant or machinery for leasing) does not prevent expenditure being super-deduction expenditure or SR allowance expenditure if the plant or machinery is provided for leasing under an excluded lease of background plant or machinery for a building (as defined by section 70R of that Act).

(10)Section 130(1) of CAA 2001 (postponement of first-year allowances on the provision of a ship) does not apply in relation to a super-deduction or an SR allowance.

(11)In this section “ring fence trade” means a ring fence trade in respect of which tax is chargeable under section 330(1) of CTA 2010 (supplementary charge in respect of ring fence trades).

10Further provision about super-deductions etcU.K.

(1)Sections 11 to 14 contain further provision in connection with super-deductions and SR allowances.

(2)Section 11 contains provision that modifies the percentage that as a result of section 9(1)(b) would otherwise apply to—

(a)super-deduction expenditure incurred in a chargeable period that ends on or after 1 April 2023;

(b)an additional VAT liability accruing in a chargeable period that ends on or after 1 April 2023 that is regarded as super-deduction expenditure as a result of section 236(2) of CAA 2001 (additional VAT liability generates first-year allowance).

(3)Section 12 contains provision about the disposal of plant or machinery in respect of which a super-deduction was made and section 13 contains similar provision in relation to plant or machinery in respect of which an SR allowance was made.

(4)Section 14 contains provision about counteracting tax advantages in connection with super-deductions and SR allowances (but see also Chapter 17 of Part 2 of CAA 2001 which contains other provisions about anti-avoidance).

(5)Sections 11, 12 and 13 have effect as if they were contained in Chapter 5 of Part 2 of CAA 2001 (allowances and charges).

(6)In this section, and in sections 11 to 14—

• “super-deduction expenditure” and “super-deduction” are to be construed in accordance with section 9(2);

• “SR allowance expenditure” and “SR allowance” are to be construed in accordance with section 9(3);

• “additional VAT liability” has the meaning given by section 547(1) of CAA 2001.

11Reduced super-deductionU.K.

(1)Subsection (2) applies where a person incurs super-deduction expenditure in a chargeable period (“the relevant period”) that ends on or after 1 April 2023.

(2)Where this subsection applies, section 9(1)(b) applies as if for “130%” there were substituted the relevant percentage.

(3)Subsection (4) applies where a person becomes entitled in a chargeable period (“the relevant period”) that ends on or after 1 April 2023 to a super-deduction as a result of section 236(2) in respect of an additional VAT liability that is regarded (as a result of that section) as super-deduction expenditure.

(4)Where this subsection applies, section 9(1)(b) applies as if for “130%” there were substituted—

(a)where the person becomes entitled to the super-deduction before 1 April 2023, the relevant percentage, or

(b)otherwise, “100%”.

(5)For the purposes of subsections (2) and (4)(a), the relevant percentage is X% where X is determined by—

(a)dividing the number of days in the relevant period before 1 April 2023 by the total number of days in that period,

(b)multiplying that amount by 30, and

(c)adding 100 to the result.

12Disposal of assets where super-deduction madeU.K.

(1)This section applies to plant or machinery in respect of which a person incurred super-deduction expenditure if a super-deduction was made in respect of some or all of that expenditure.

(2)Where a disposal event occurs in relation to plant or machinery to which this section applies, the person who incurred relevant super-deduction expenditure in respect of it is liable to a balancing charge for the chargeable period in which the event occurs (whether or not the person is also liable to any other balancing charge for that period).

(3)The amount of the balancing charge is, subject to subsection (6), the relevant proportion of the disposal value of the plant or machinery (see sections 61 to 63 of CAA 2001 which, among other provisions of Part 2 of that Act, contain provision about disposal values).

(4)The relevant proportion is determined by dividing the amount of relevant super-deduction expenditure incurred in respect of the plant or machinery by the amount of total relevant expenditure in relation to it.

(5)For the purposes of this section—

• super-deduction expenditure is “relevant” if a super-deduction was made in respect of it;

• “total relevant expenditure” in relation to plant or machinery means the sum of the following expenditure incurred in respect of it—

  (a)

  relevant super-deduction expenditure;

  (b)

  any expenditure in respect of which any other first-year allowance was made;

  (c)

  any expenditure that was allocated to a pool for any chargeable period (including for the period in which the disposal event occurs).

(6)If the disposal event occurs in a chargeable period that commenced before 1 April 2023 the amount of the balancing charge is the amount determined under subsection (3) multiplied by the relevant factor.

(7)The relevant factor is 1.3 if the chargeable period ends before 1 April 2023.

(8)If the chargeable period ends on or after 1 April 2023, the relevant factor is determined by—

(a)dividing the number of days in the period before 1 April 2023 by the total number of days in that period,

(b)multiplying that amount by 0.3, and

(c)adding 1 to the result.

(9)The balance of an amount of super-deduction expenditure in respect of which a super-deduction is made after deducting that super-deduction is to be treated as nil for the purposes of section 58(5)(b) and (6) of CAA 2001 (allocation of balance of first-year qualifying expenditure to a pool).

(10)In relation to the chargeable period in which the disposal event occurred, TDR (see section 55(1)(b) of CAA 2001) for the pool to which the relevant super-deduction expenditure was allocated is to be reduced by the relevant proportion of the disposal value of the plant or machinery.

(11)Section 135(1) of CAA 2001 (claim for deferment of balancing charges) does not apply in relation to a disposal event in respect of a ship to which this section applies.

(12)This section has effect in relation to disposals occurring on or after 1 April 2021.

13Disposal of assets where SR allowance madeU.K.

(1)This section applies to plant or machinery in respect of which a person incurred SR allowance expenditure in a chargeable period (“the allowance period”) if an SR allowance was made in respect of some or all of that expenditure.

(2)Where a disposal event occurs in relation to plant or machinery to which this section applies, the person who incurred relevant SR expenditure in respect of it is liable to a balancing charge for the chargeable period in which the event occurs (whether or not the person is also liable to any other balancing charge for that period).

(3)The amount of the balancing charge is the relevant proportion of the disposal value of the plant or machinery (see sections 61 to 63 of CAA 2001 which, among other provisions of Part 2 of that Act, contain provision about disposal values).

(4)The relevant proportion is determined by—

(a)dividing the amount of relevant SR allowance expenditure incurred in respect of the plant or machinery by 2, and

(b)dividing that amount by the amount of total relevant expenditure in relation to the plant or machinery.

(5)For the purposes of this section—

• SR allowance expenditure is “relevant” if an SR allowance was made in respect of it;

• “total relevant expenditure” in relation to plant or machinery means the sum of the following expenditure incurred in respect of it—

  (a)

  relevant SR allowance expenditure,

  (b)

  any expenditure in respect of which any other first-year allowance was made, and

  (c)

  any expenditure that is not relevant SR allowance expenditure that was allocated to a pool for any chargeable period (including for the period in which the disposal event occurs).

(6)In relation to the chargeable period in which the disposal event occurred, TDR (see section 55(1)(b) of CAA 2001) for the pool to which the SR allowance expenditure in respect of the plant or machinery was allocated is to be reduced by the amount of the balancing charge.

(7)Section 135(1) of CAA 2001 (claim for deferment of balancing charges) does not apply in relation to a disposal event in respect of a ship to which this section applies.

(8)This section has effect in relation to disposals occurring on or after 1 April 2021.

14Counteraction where arrangements are contrived etcU.K.

(1)Any relevant tax advantage that would (in the absence of this section) be obtained as a result of relevant arrangements is to be counteracted by the making of such adjustments as are just and reasonable.

(2)A tax advantage is “relevant” if that advantage is connected with a super-deduction or an SR allowance (for example, the obtaining of such a first-year allowance or the avoidance of a balancing charge under section 12 or 13).

(3)Arrangements are “relevant” if—

(a)the purpose, or one of the main purposes, of the arrangements is to obtain a relevant tax advantage, and

(b)it is reasonable, taking account of all the relevant circumstances—

(i)to conclude that the arrangements are, or include steps that are, contrived, abnormal or lacking a genuine commercial purpose, or

(ii)to regard the arrangements as circumventing the intended limits of relief under CAA 2001 or otherwise exploiting shortcomings in that Act.

(4)Any adjustments required to be made under this section (whether or not by an officer of Revenue and Customs) may be made by way of—

(a)an assessment,

(b)the modification of an assessment,

(c)amendment or disallowance of a claim (whether a claim for a first-year allowance or otherwise),

or otherwise.

(5)In this section—

• “arrangements” includes any agreement, understanding, scheme, transaction or series of transactions (whether or not legally enforceable);

• “tax advantage” is to be construed in accordance with section 577(4) of CAA 2001.

(6)This section has effect in relation to any relevant arrangements entered into on or after 3 March 2021.

Capital allowances: other measuresU.K.

[F415Extension of temporary increase in annual investment allowanceU.K.

(1)In section 32(1) of FA 2019 (which increases the maximum amount of the annual investment allowance to £1,000,000 for the period of two years beginning with 1 January 2019), for “two years” substitute “ three years ”.

(2)In consequence of the amendment made by subsection (1)—

(a)in section 32(2) of that Act, for “2021” substitute “ 2022 ”,

(b)in paragraph 2 of Schedule 13 to that Act and the heading before that paragraph, for “2021” (in each place) substitute “ 2022 ”,

(c)in paragraph 3(3)(b) of that Schedule, for “two years” substitute “ three years ”, and

(d)in the heading for that Schedule, for “2021” substitute “ 2022 ”.]

16Meaning of “general decommissioning expenditure”U.K.

(1)Chapter 13 of Part 2 of CAA 2001 (plant and machinery allowances: provisions affecting mining and oil industries) is amended as follows.

(2)Section 163 (meaning of “general decommissioning expenditure” for purposes of sections 164 and 165) is amended as follows.

(3)In subsection (1), at the end of paragraph (a), omit “or” and insert—

“(aa)the condition in subsection (3AB) is met, or”.

(4)In subsection (2), for “that is” substitute “ paragraphs (a) and (b) of subsection (1) are ”.

(5)In subsection (3A)—

(a)in the words before paragraph (a), omit “in complying with”;

(b)in paragraph (a), at the beginning insert “ in complying with ”;

(c)in paragraph (b)—

(i)at the beginning insert “ in complying with ”;

(ii)at the end omit “or”;

(d)in paragraph (c)—

(i)at the beginning insert “ in complying with ”;

(ii)at the end insert “, or

(d)otherwise in anticipation of a decommissioning measure.”

(6)After subsection (3A) insert—

“(3AA)For the purposes of subsection (3A)(d), expenditure is incurred otherwise in anticipation of a decommissioning measure if it is incurred—

(a)in preserving plant or machinery, the reuse or demolition of which it is reasonable to anticipate will be authorised or required by an approved abandonment programme, a condition to which the approval of such a programme will be subject or a condition or agreement described in subsection (3A)(c), or

(b)in doing something else which it is reasonable to anticipate will be authorised or required by an approved abandonment programme, a condition to which the approval of such a programme will be subject or a condition or agreement described in subsection (3A)(c).”

(7)After subsection (3AA) (inserted by subsection (6) of this section) insert—

“(3AB)The condition in this subsection is met if—

(a)the expenditure was incurred—

(i)in preparing an abandonment programme for approval, or

(ii)in preparing for the imposition of a condition by, or the making of an agreement with, the Secretary of State before the approval of an abandonment programme, and

(b)it is reasonable to anticipate that the approved abandonment programme, the condition imposed or the agreement made, as the case may be, will wholly or mainly relate to the decommissioning of plant or machinery to which subsection (3) applies.”

(8)In each of subsections (4ZA) and (4ZB), for “subsection (1)” substitute “ subsection (1)(a) or (b) ”.

(9)After section 163 insert—

“163AExpenditure in anticipation of approval of abandonment programme

(1)Expenditure to which section 163(3A)(d) applies by virtue of section 163(3AA)(b) is to be treated as never having been general decommissioning expenditure for the purposes of sections 164 and 165 unless, before the end of the relevant period, condition A or condition B is met in relation to the expenditure.

(2)Condition A is that—

(a)an abandonment programme is approved, and

(b)the programme, or a condition to which the approval of the programme was subject, authorises or requires the decommissioning of the plant or machinery to which the expenditure relates.

(3)Condition B is that—

(a)a condition is imposed by the Secretary of State, or an agreement is made with the Secretary of State, before the approval of an abandonment programme, and

(b)the condition or, as the case may be, the agreement authorises or requires the decommissioning of the plant or machinery to which the expenditure relates.

(4)For the purposes of this section “the relevant period” means the period—

(a)beginning with the day on which the expenditure was incurred, and

(b)ending with the fifth anniversary of the last day of the accounting period in which the expenditure was incurred.

(5)All such assessments and adjustments of assessments are to be made as are necessary to give effect to subsection (1).

(6)If a person who has made a return becomes aware that, after making it, anything in it has become incorrect because of the operation of this section, the person must give notice to an officer of Revenue and Customs specifying how the return needs to be amended.

(7)A notice under subsection (6) must be given within 3 months beginning with the day on which the person first became aware that anything in the return had become incorrect because of the operation of this section.

(8)In this section, “abandonment programme”, “approval” and “approved” (in relation to an abandonment programme) have the same meaning as in Part 4 of the Petroleum Act 1998.”

(10)The amendments made by this section have effect in relation to expenditure incurred on or after 3 March 2021.

17Extensions of plant or machinery leases for reasons related to coronavirusU.K.

(1)In Part 2 of CAA 2001, Chapter 6A (interpretation of provisions about long funding leases) has effect subject to the following modifications.

(2)Section 70YB (long funding operating lease: extension of term of lease) has effect as if, in subsection (1), at the beginning there were inserted “Subject to section 70YCA (extension of term of lease for reasons related to coronavirus),”.

(3)Section 70YC (extension of term of lease that is not a long funding lease) has effect as if, in subsection (1), at the beginning there were inserted “Subject to section 70YCA (extension of term of lease for reasons related to coronavirus),”.

(4)That Chapter has effect as if after section 70YC there were inserted—

“70YCAExtension of term of lease for reasons related to coronavirus

(1)Sections 70YB(1) and 70YC(1) (extension of lease terms) do not apply in any case where subsection (2) applies (but see subsection (3)).

(2)This subsection applies where, in relation to a relevant lease—

(a)on or after 1 January 2020, there is (or was) a change in the payments under the lease that would have been payable on or before 30 June 2021,

(b)the effect of the change is that the term of the lease is extended (and, were it not for this section, section 70YB(1) or 70YC(1) would apply),

(c)the change would not have been made if it were not for coronavirus,

(d)after the change, the consideration for the lease is substantially the same as, or less than, the consideration for the lease before the change,

(e)there is no other substantive change to the terms of the lease, and

(f)the lessor and lessee have not made any arrangement in connection with any changes to capital allowances relating to the lease and arising as a result of the change mentioned in paragraph (a).

(3)But subsection (2) does not apply where, in relation to a relevant lease, the lessor or the lessee elects that subsection (2) does not apply.

(4)The Treasury may by regulations substitute for the second date for the time being specified in subsection (2)(a) such other date as they consider appropriate.

(5)In this section—

• “coronavirus” has the same meaning as in the Coronavirus Act 2020 (see section 1(1) of that Act);

• “relevant lease” means—

  (a)

  a long funding operating lease, or

  (b)

  a plant or machinery lease that is not a long funding lease.

70YCBElections under section 70YCA

(1)An election under section 70YCA must be made by notice to an officer of Revenue and Customs no later than the end of the period of 21 months beginning with the day after the day on which the change mentioned in section 70YCA(2)(a) occurred.

(2)But an election under that section is of no effect unless—

(a)the party making the election notifies the other party to the lease of the election, and

(b)the notice under subsection (1) is accompanied by a copy of the notification given to the other party.

(3)A notice under subsection (1) must include such information as may be specified (whether generally or specifically) by an officer of Revenue and Customs.

(4)An election under section 70YCA is irrevocable.

(5)Where a party to the lease makes or amends a tax return for a period in which the change mentioned in section 70YCA(2)(a) occurred, that party must include with that return or amended return a copy of any election made under that section in respect of the lease.

(6)The following provisions do not apply to an election under section 70YCA—

(a)section 42 of, and Schedule 1A to, TMA 1970 (claims and elections for income tax purposes);

(b)paragraphs 54 to 60 of Schedule 18 to FA 1998 (claims and elections for corporation tax purposes).

(7)References in this section to a tax return, in the case of an election for the purposes of a trade, profession or business carried on by persons in partnership, are to be read, in relation to those persons, as references to a return under section 12AA of TMA 1970 (partnership returns).”

Reliefs for businessU.K.

18Temporary extension of periods to which trade losses may be carried backU.K.

Schedule 2 contains provision for a temporary extension of the periods to which trade losses may be carried back.

19R&D tax credits for SMEsU.K.

(1)Schedule 3 makes provision about the amount of the tax credit to which a company may be entitled under Chapter 2 of Part 13 of CTA 2009 (relief for cost of research and development incurred by small and medium-sized enterprises).

(2)Schedule 4 makes corresponding provision for Northern Ireland companies within the meaning of Part 8B of CTA 2010 (trading profits taxable at the Northern Ireland rate).

20Extension of social investment tax relief for further two yearsU.K.

In—

(a)section 257K(1)(a)(iii) of ITA 2007 (date by which investment must be made to qualify for social investment tax relief), and

(b)paragraphs 1(3)(b) and 2(2)(b) of Schedule 8B to TCGA 1992 (date by which gains re-invested in social enterprises must accrue to qualify for hold-over relief),

for “6 April 2021” substitute “ 6 April 2023 ”.

Employment incomeU.K.

21Workers' services provided through intermediariesU.K.

(1)Chapter 10 of Part 2 of ITEPA 2003 (workers' services provided through intermediaries to public authorities or medium or large clients) is amended as follows.

(2)In section 61N (worker treated as receiving earnings from employment)—

(a)in subsection (3), for “and 61V” substitute “ , 61V and 61WA ”;

(b)in subsection (5), for “section 61V” substitute “ sections 61V and 61WA ”;

(c)in subsection (5A), in the words before paragraph (a), for “and 61V” substitute “ , 61V and 61WA ”.

(3)In section 61O (conditions where intermediary is a company)—

(a)in subsection (1), for paragraph (b) substitute—

“(b)subsection (1A) or (1B) is satisfied.”;

(b)after subsection (1) insert—

“(1A)This subsection is satisfied where the worker has a material interest in the intermediary.

(1B)This subsection is satisfied where—

(a)the worker has a non-material interest in the intermediary,

(b)the worker—

(i)has received,

(ii)has rights which entitle, or which in any circumstances would entitle, the worker to receive, or

(iii)expects to receive,

a chain payment from the intermediary, and

(c)the chain payment does not, or will not, wholly constitute employment income of the worker (apart from as a result of this Chapter).”;

(c)after subsection (4) insert—

“(4A)The worker is treated as having a non-material interest in the intermediary if—

(a)the worker, alone or with one or more associates of the worker, or

(b)an associate of the worker, with or without other associates of the worker,

has a non-material interest in the intermediary.

(4B)For this purpose a non-material interest means—

(a)beneficial ownership of, or the ability to control, directly or through the medium of other companies or by any other indirect means, 5% or less of the ordinary share capital of the company,

(b)possession of, or entitlement to acquire, rights entitling the holder to receive 5% or less of any distributions that may be made by the company, or

(c)where the company is a close company, possession of, or entitlement to acquire, rights that would in the event of the winding up of the company, or in any other circumstances, entitle the holder to receive 5% or less of the assets that would then be available for distribution among the participators.

(4C)In subsection (4B)(c) “participator” has the meaning given by section 454 of CTA 2010.”

(4)In section 61S(4) (deductions from chain payments), for “services-provider” substitute “ relevant person ”.

(5)In section 61T(3) (client-led status disagreement process), for “section 61V” substitute “ sections 61V and 61WA ”.

(6)In section 61U (information to be provided by worker and consequences of failure)—

(a)in the heading, after “worker” insert “ or intermediary ”;

(b)in subsection (1), for “the worker” substitute “ the relevant person ”;

(c)in subsection (2), for “the worker” substitute “ the relevant person ”;

(d)in subsection (3), after “In this section” insert “—

“relevant person” means the worker or, in a case where the worker has not complied with subsection (1), the intermediary;”.

(7)In section 61V (consequences of providing fraudulent information)—

(a)in subsection (2), in the words before paragraph (a), for “services-provider” substitute “ relevant person (or if more than one, the first relevant person) in relation to whom the fraudulent documentation condition is met ”;

(b)in subsection (3), for “involves the services-provider” substitute “ may involve a services-provider ”;

(c)in subsection (5), after paragraph (c) insert—

“(d)a person in the chain who is resident in the United Kingdom or has a place of business in the United Kingdom.”

(8)After section 61W insert—

“61WAAnti-avoidance

(1)This section applies if in any case at least one relevant person in a chain participates in a relevant avoidance arrangement.

(2)An arrangement is a “relevant avoidance arrangement” if its main purpose, or one of its main purposes, is to secure a tax advantage by securing that at least one of the conditions mentioned in section 61O or 61P is not met in relation to an intermediary.

(3)Section 61N(3) has effect as if the reference to the fee-payer were a reference to the participating person, but—

(a)section 61N(4) continues to have effect as if the reference to the fee-payer were a reference to the deemed employer, and

(b)Step 1 of section 61Q(1) continues to have effect as referring to the chain payment made by the deemed employer.

(4)The participating person is—

(a)in a case where only one relevant person participates in the arrangement, that person;

(b)in any other case the highest relevant person in the chain who participated in the arrangement and from whom HMRC considers there is a realistic prospect of recovering, within a reasonable period, the amount of tax that would have been paid (or not repaid) in the absence of the arrangement.

(5)Subsection (3) has effect even though that may involve a participating person being treated as both employer and employee in relation to the deemed employment under section 61N(3).

(6)In this section—

• “arrangement” includes any agreement, understanding, scheme, transaction or series of transactions (whether or not legally enforceable);

• “deemed employer” means a person who would, but for this section, be treated by section 61N(3) as making a payment to the worker;

• “relevant person” means—

  (a)

  the worker;

  (b)

  a person who is resident in the United Kingdom or who has a place of business in the United Kingdom;

• “tax” means income tax (and “tax advantage” is to be construed accordingly”);

• “tax advantage” includes—

  (a)

  avoidance or reduction of a charge to tax or an assessment to tax,

  (b)

  repayment or increased repayment of tax,

  (c)

  avoidance of a possible assessment to tax, and

  (d)

  deferral of a payment of tax or advancement of a repayment of tax.”

(9)In section 688AA(2)(a) (workers' services provided through intermediaries: recovery of PAYE), after “to a worker” insert “ (other than by virtue of section 61WA) ”.

(10)The amendments made by this section have effect in relation to deemed direct payments treated as made on or after 6 April 2021.

22Payments on termination of employmentU.K.

(1)Section 27 of ITEPA 2003 (UK-based earnings for year when employee not resident in UK) is amended in accordance with subsections (2) to (5).

(2)In subsection (1)—

(a)omit the “or” at the end of paragraph (a), and

(b)at the end of paragraph (b) insert “, or

(c)general earnings to which section 402B (termination payments, and other benefits, that cannot benefit from the section 403 threshold, to be treated as earnings) applies.”

(3)In subsection (2), for “(1)” substitute “ (1)(a) or (b) ”.

(4)After subsection (2) insert—

“(2A)The percentage of the general earnings within subsection (1)(c) that are an amount of “taxable earnings” from the employment in the tax year in which they are received is given by—

(5)In subsection (3), for “Subsection (2) applies” substitute “ Subsections (2) and (2A) apply ”.

(6)In section 402B of ITEPA 2003 (termination payments, and other benefits, that cannot benefit from the section 403 threshold, to be treated as earnings), in subsection (1)—

(a)the words from “is treated” to the end become paragraph (a), and

(b)after that paragraph insert “, but

(b)is not capable of being an amount to which section 27 applies by virtue of subsection 1(a) or (b) of that section (UK-based taxable earnings for year when employee not resident in UK).”

(7)In section 402D of ITEPA 2003 (post-employment notice pay)—

(a)in subsection (3), for “and (6)” substitute “ , (6) and (6A) ”;

(b)in subsection (6), after “month, ” insert “ the employee's basic pay is paid in equal monthly instalments, ”;

(c)after subsection (6) insert—

“(6A)In any other case where the last pay period of the employee to end before the trigger date is a month and the employee's basic pay is paid in equal monthly instalments, then—

• BP is the employee's basic pay from the employment in respect of the last pay period of the employee to end before the trigger date,

• P is 30.42, and

• D is the number of days in the post-employment notice period.”

(8)The amendments made by this section have effect in relation to general earnings to which section 402B of ITEPA 2003 applies that are paid—

(a)on or after 6 April 2021, and

(b)in connection with a termination of employment that takes place on or after that date.

23Cash equivalent benefit of a zero-emissions vanU.K.

(1)Section 155 of ITEPA 2003 (cash equivalent of the benefit of a van) is amended in accordance with subsections (2) and (3).

(2)In subsection (1B)—

(a)in paragraph (a), for “2021-22” substitute “ 2020-21 ”;

(b)omit the “and” at the end of that paragraph;

(c)after that paragraph insert—

“(aa)if the van cannot in any circumstances emit CO₂ by being driven and the tax year is 2021-22 or a subsequent tax year, the cash equivalent is nil, and”.

(3)In subsection (1C) omit paragraph (g).

(4)In section 170 of ITEPA 2003 (orders etc relating to Chapter 6 of Part 3 of ITEPA 2003), in subsection (1A)—

(a)in paragraph (b), after “zero-emission van” insert “ in tax years 2015-16 to 2020-21 ”;

(b)omit the “and” at the end of that paragraph;

(c)after that paragraph insert—

“(ba)section 155(1B)(aa) (cash equivalent for zero-emissions vans in tax year 2021-22 and subsequent tax years), and”.

24Enterprise management incentivesU.K.

In FA 2020, for section 107 substitute—

“107Enterprise management incentives

(1)Schedule 5 to ITEPA 2003 (enterprise management incentives) is modified in accordance with subsections (2) and (3).

(2)Paragraph 26 (requirement as to commitment of working time) has effect as if, in sub-paragraph (3)—

(a)the “or” at the end of paragraph (c) were omitted, and

(b)at the end of paragraph (d), there were inserted “, or

(e)not being required to work for reasons connected with coronavirus disease (within the meaning given by section 1(1) of the Coronavirus Act 2020).”

(3)Paragraph 27 (meaning of “working time”) has effect as if, in sub-paragraph (1)(b), for “(d)” there were substituted “ (e) ”.

(4)Section 535 of ITEPA 2003 (disqualifying events relating to employee in relation to enterprise management incentives) has effect as if, in the closing words of subsection (3), for “(d)” there were substituted “ (e) ”.

(5)The modifications made by this section have effect in relation to the period—

(a)beginning with 19 March 2020, and

(b)ending with 5 April 2022.”

25Cycles and cyclist's safety equipmentU.K.

(1)If a cycle, or cyclist's safety equipment, was first provided for an employee before 21 December 2020, Condition B in section 244(3) of ITEPA 2003 (requirement that cycle or cyclist's safety equipment is used mainly for commuting etc) is treated as met in relation to the provision for that employee of that cycle or equipment for the period commencing with 16 March 2020 and ending with 5 April 2022.

(2)In this section “cycle” and “cyclist” have the meanings they have in section 244 of ITEPA 2003 (see subsection (5) of that section).

26Exemption for coronavirus testsU.K.

(1)No liability to income tax arises in respect of—

(a)the provision to an employee of a coronavirus test, or

(b)the payment or reimbursement, to or in respect of an employee, of the cost of such a test.

(2)In this section “coronavirus test” means a test which detects the presence of a viral antigen or viral ribonucleic acid (RNA) specific to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).

(3)This section has effect as if it were contained in Part 4 of ITEPA 2003 (employment income: exceptions).

(4)This section has effect in relation to the tax years 2020-21 and 2021-22 (and to the extent the relief provided for by the Income Tax (Exemption of Minor Benefits) (Coronavirus) Regulations 2020 (S.I. 2020/1293) is provided for by this section, it supersedes those regulations).

(5)The Treasury may by regulations provide that this section is also to have effect in relation to such subsequent tax years as may be specified in the regulations.

27Optional remuneration arrangements: statutory parental bereavement payU.K.

(1)In Schedule 2 to FA 2017 (optional remuneration arrangements), in paragraph 62(9), for “or statutory shared parental pay” substitute “ , statutory shared parental pay or statutory parental bereavement pay ”.

(2)That Schedule has effect, and is to be deemed always to have had effect, with the amendment made by subsection (1).

PensionsU.K.

28Freezing the standard lifetime allowanceU.K.

Section 218(2C) and (2D) of FA 2004 (indexation of standard lifetime allowance) do not apply in relation to the standard lifetime allowance for the tax years 2021-22, 2022-23, 2023-24, 2024-25 and 2025-26 (so that the amount of the standard lifetime allowance for each of those tax years remains at the amount for the tax year 2020-21, namely £1,073,100).

29Collective money purchase benefitsU.K.

Schedule 5 contains amendments of Part 4 of FA 2004 (pension schemes etc) relating to collective money purchase benefits.

Construction industry schemeU.K.

30Construction industry schemeU.K.

(1)Schedule 6 contains provision amending Chapter 3 of Part 3 of FA 2004 (construction industry scheme).

(2)In particular, the Schedule makes provision about—

(a)contractors,

(b)deductions on account of tax from contract payments,

(c)the treatment of sums deducted, and

(d)penalties.

Coronavirus support payments etcU.K.

31Covid-19 support scheme: working households receiving tax creditsU.K.

(1)This section applies to a payment which—

(a)is made by Her Majesty's Revenue and Customs in the exercise of a function which they have as a result of a direction given by the Treasury under section 76 of the Coronavirus Act 2020, and

(b)is made to a person by reason of the person's receipt of any tax credit specified in the direction on a date so specified.

(2)No liability to income tax arises in respect of a payment to which this section applies.

(3)But subsection (2) does not prevent the application of paragraph 8 of Schedule 16 to FA 2020 (charge to income tax where person not entitled to coronavirus support payment) in relation to a payment to which this section applies.

32Self-employment income support schemeU.K.

(1)In section 106 of FA 2020 (taxation of coronavirus support payments), in subsection (3)—

(a)after “provision about” insert “ (including provision modifying) ”;

(b)for “(2)(c)” substitute “ (2)(b) ”.

(2)In paragraph 3(3) of Schedule 16 to FA 2020 (self-employment income support scheme payments to be treated as receipts of the tax year 2020-21), for “2020-21” substitute “ in which the payment was received ”.

(3)In paragraph 8 of that Schedule (charge if person not entitled to coronavirus support payment)—

(a)in sub-paragraph (3)—

(i)in the words before paragraph (a), after “scheme” insert “ or the self-employment income support scheme ”;

(ii)in paragraph (b), before “because” insert “ in the case of a payment made under the coronavirus job retention scheme, ”;

(b)in sub-paragraph (4)(a), after “scheme” insert “ or the self-employment income support scheme ”.

(4)The amendments made by subsections (2) and (3) have effect in relation to coronavirus support payments received on or after 6 April 2021.

(5)In this section “coronavirus support payment” has the meaning it has in Schedule 16 to FA 2020 (see section 106(2) and (5) of that Act).

33Deduction where business rates etc repaidU.K.

(1)This section applies if—

(a)a person (“A”) carrying on a business would, but for a coronavirus support arrangement, have incurred a liability to pay a charge to a public authority,

(b)an expense incurred in discharging that liability would have been deductible in calculating the profits of the business for the purposes of income tax or corporation tax, and

(c)an amount in respect of some or all of that liability is paid to that or any other public authority.

(2)In calculating the profits of the business of A for those purposes—

(a)a deduction is allowed for the amount paid, and

(b)that amount is treated as if it had been paid in the period in which the charge would have been due and payable.

(3)No deduction is otherwise allowed for the amount paid in calculating the profits of the business of any person for those purposes (including where the amount was paid by a person other than A).

(4)For the purposes of this section “coronavirus support arrangement” means an arrangement where—

(a)a liability in respect of non-domestic rates, or

(b)such other liability in respect of a charge payable to a public authority as may be specified in regulations made by the Treasury,

is waived, or reduced, for purposes connected with the provision of support to businesses in connection with coronavirus.

(5)Regulations under subsection (4)(b) may have retrospective effect.

(6)In this section “coronavirus” has the meaning it has in the Coronavirus Act 2020 (see section 1 of that Act).

(7)This section has effect in relation to payments whether made before or after the passing of this Act.

Exemptions from income taxU.K.

34Repeal of provisions relating to the Interest and Royalties DirectiveU.K.

(1)The following provisions are repealed—

(a)sections 757 to 767 of ITTOIA 2005 (exemption from income tax for certain interest and royalty payments) and the italic heading before those sections, and

(b)sections 914 to 917 of ITA 2007 (discretion to make royalty payments gross) and the italic heading before those sections;

and the remainder of this section makes amendments consequential on the repeal of those provisions.

(2)In section 98 of TMA 1970 (special returns, etc)—

(a)in subsection (4A)(b) omit “, (4DA)”, and

(b)omit subsection (4DA).

(3)In paragraph 3 of Schedule 18 to FA 1998 (company tax return), in sub- paragraph (5) for “, 912, 914 and 915” substitute “ and 912 ”.

(4)In ITTOIA 2005—

(a)in section 369 (charge to tax on interest), in subsection (3) omit paragraph (f) (and the “and” before it),

(b)in section 578 (contents of chapter), in subsection (2)—

(i)for “exemptions” substitute “ an exemption ”,

(ii)for “sections” substitute “ section ”,

(iii)omit “and 758 (certain interest and royalty payments)”, and

(c)in section 683 (charge to tax on payments not otherwise charged), in subsection (4) omit paragraph (h).

(5)In section 100 of FA 2015 (diverted profits tax: credits for tax on the same profits)—

(a)in subsection (4C)(c) for “relevant provision” substitute “ double taxation arrangements (as defined by section 2(4) of TIOPA 2010) ”, and

(b)omit subsection (4E).

(6)In section 42(9) of FA 2016 (section 758 of ITTOIA 2005 not to apply to certain royalty payments)—

(a)in paragraph (b), at the end insert “ under arrangements (within the meaning of section 917A of ITA 2007) entered into before that day ”,

(b)omit paragraph (c) (but not the “and” at the end of it), and

(c)for the words after paragraph (d) substitute “ the arrangements are to be regarded as DTA tax avoidance arrangements for the purposes of section 917A of ITA 2007 ”.

(7)In consequence of the repeal of section 762 of ITTOIA 2005 made by subsection (1), the Exemption From Tax For Certain Interest Payments Regulations 2004 (S.I. 2004/2622) are revoked (and, accordingly, exemption notices issued in accordance with those regulations are cancelled).

(8)The amendments made by this section have effect in relation to—

(a)payments made on or after 1 June 2021, and

(b)payments made in disqualifying circumstances on or after 3 March 2021 but before 1 June 2021.

(9)A payment is made in “disqualifying circumstances” if it is made directly or indirectly in consequence of, or otherwise in connection with, any arrangements the main purpose, or one of the main purposes, of which is to secure that the provisions mentioned in subsection (1)(a) or (b) continue to have effect in relation to it.

(10)For this purpose “arrangements” includes any agreement, understanding, scheme, transaction or series of transactions (whether or not legally enforceable).

35Payments made to victims of modern slavery etcU.K.

(1)A payment that meets conditions A to C is to be regarded as a “qualifying payment” for the purposes of paragraph 3(1) and (2) of Schedule 15 to FA 2020 (exemption from income tax).

(2)Condition A is that the payment is made by or on behalf of a public authority.

(3)Condition B is that the payment is made to a person in respect of whom—

(a)there are reasonable grounds to believe the person may be a victim of slavery or human trafficking, and

(b)no conclusive determination has been made identifying the person as a victim for the purposes of Article 10 of the Trafficking Convention.

(4)Condition C is that the payment is made for the purposes of providing the person assistance or support of the kind mentioned in Article 12 of the Trafficking Convention (as contemplated by Article 10).

(5)In this section—

(a)“the Trafficking Convention” means the Council of Europe Convention on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings (done at Warsaw on 16 May 2005);

(b)“public authority” includes any person certain of whose functions are functions of a public nature.

(6)This section has effect in relation to qualifying payments received on or after 1 April 2009.

Miscellaneous corporation tax measuresU.K.

36Hybrid and other mismatchesU.K.

Schedule 7 makes amendments to Part 6A of TIOPA 2010 (hybrid and other mismatches).

37Relief for losses etcU.K.

Schedule 8 makes provision about corporation tax relief for losses and other amounts.

38Corporate interest restriction: minor amendmentsU.K.

(1)Part 10 of TIOPA 2010 (corporate interest restriction) is amended as follows.

(2)In section 452 (Real Estate Investment Trusts), after subsection (2) insert—

“(2A)In applying subsection (2) and giving effect to the remainder of this section, the company is treated, at all times in the accounting period, as carrying on a residual business within the charge to corporation tax (and, accordingly, amounts falling to be brought into account in the accounting period as a result of this section are within the charge to corporation tax).”

(3)The amendment made by subsection (2) is treated as having come into force on 21 July 2020.

(4)In Schedule 7A (interest restriction returns), after paragraph 29 insert—

“29A(1)Liability to a penalty under paragraph 29 does not arise if the company has a reasonable excuse for failing to submit the return by the filing date.

(2)If the company has a reasonable excuse for the failure but the excuse has ceased, the company is to be treated as having continued to have the excuse if the return is submitted without unreasonable delay after the excuse ceased.”

(5)That Schedule has effect, and is to be deemed always to have had effect, with the amendment made by subsection (4).

39Northern Ireland Housing ExecutiveU.K.

(1)In CTA 2010, after section 987B insert—

“Northern Ireland Housing ExecutiveU.K.

987CNorthern Ireland Housing Executive

The Northern Ireland Housing Executive is not liable to corporation tax.”

(2)The amendment made by this section has effect in relation to accounting periods beginning on or after 1 April 2020.

Capital gains taxU.K.

40Annual exempt amountU.K.

Section 1L of TCGA 1992 (which provides for an increase in the annual exempt amount to reflect increases in CPI) does not apply for [F5the tax years 2021-22 and 2022-23] (so that the annual exempt amount for each of those tax years remains at £12,300).

41Hold-over relief for foreign-controlled companiesU.K.

(1)In section 167 of TCGA 1992 (gifts to foreign-controlled companies), in subsection (2)(b), at the beginning insert “ is or ”.

(2)The amendment made by subsection (1) has effect in relation to a disposal made on or after 6 April 2021.

PART 2 U.K.Plastic packaging tax

IntroductoryU.K.

42Plastic packaging taxU.K.

(1)A tax called “plastic packaging tax” is to be charged in accordance with this Part.

(2)The Commissioners are responsible for the collection and management of plastic packaging tax.

Charging of plastic packaging taxU.K.

43Charge to plastic packaging taxU.K.

(1)The charge to plastic packaging tax arises when a chargeable plastic packaging component is—

(a)produced in the United Kingdom by a person acting in the course of a business, or

(b)imported into the United Kingdom on behalf of such a person.

(2)The reference in subsection (1) to “a business” includes any activity of a government department or other public authority, or of a charity, that is carried out for commercial purposes.

[F6(2A)A person who is neither registered nor liable to be registered (see sections 55 to 57) is to be treated, for the purposes of subsection (1) of this section, as not acting in the course of a business.]

(3)Subsection (1) is subject to section 52 (exempt plastic packaging components).

44Liability to pay plastic packaging taxU.K.

(1)Where the charge to plastic packaging tax arises in respect of a chargeable plastic packaging component by virtue of section 43(1)(a), the person who produces the component is liable to pay the amount charged.

(2)Where the charge arises in respect of a chargeable plastic packaging component by virtue of section 43(1)(b), the person on whose behalf the component is imported is liable to pay the amount charged.

45RateU.K.

(1)Plastic packaging tax is charged at the rate of [F7£217.85] per metric tonne of chargeable plastic packaging components of a single specification.

(2)The amount charged on part of a tonne is the proportionately reduced amount.

46PaymentU.K.

(1)Plastic packaging tax is to be paid by reference to accounting periods determined in accordance with regulations under section 61(1) (regulations about the payment, collection and recovery of plastic packaging tax).

(2)References in this Part to “accounting periods” are to those accounting periods.

Interpretation of main terms etcU.K.

47Chargeable plastic packaging componentsU.K.

(1)A plastic packaging component is chargeable if—

(a)the proportion of recycled plastic in the component, when measured by weight, is less than 30% of the total amount of plastic in the component, and

(b)it is finished.

(2)A plastic packaging component is taken to fall within subsection (1)(a) unless it is shown that it does not.

(3)For the purposes of this Part, a component is “finished” if it has undergone—

(a)its last substantial modification, or

(b)in the case of a component that undergoes a substantial modification when it is packed or filled, its last substantial modification before being packed or filled,

even if waste or surplus material remains attached to it.

(4)Accordingly, for the purposes of this Part, waste or surplus material that remains attached to a component after its last substantial modification is not to be treated as part of the component.

(5)The Commissioners may by regulations make provision about—

(a)the methodology to be used, or the information or evidence required, to satisfy them that a plastic packaging component does not fall within subsection (1)(a);

(b)the meaning of “substantial modification”.

48Meaning of “plastic packaging component”U.K.

(1)A “packaging component” is a product that is designed to be suitable for use, whether alone or in combination with other products, in the containment, protection, handling, delivery or presentation of goods at any stage in the supply chain of the goods from the producer of the goods to the user or consumer.

(2)Subject to section 52, it does not matter why a component within this definition is produced or imported (for example, whether it is produced or imported for use in the supply chain of the goods or by a user or consumer).

(3)A “plastic packaging component” is a packaging component that contains more plastic, when measured by weight, than any other single substance listed in regulations under subsection (7)(a).

(4)A packaging component that contains plastic is taken to be a plastic packaging component unless it is shown that it is not such a component.

(5)The Treasury may by regulations amend the meaning of “packaging component” by—

(a)adding descriptions of products, or

(b)removing descriptions of products.

(6)Regulations under subsection (5) may amend this Part.

(7)The Commissioners may by regulations—

(a)list substances for the purposes of subsection (3);

(b)make provision about the methodology to be used, or the information or evidence required, to satisfy them that a packaging component that contains plastic is not a plastic packaging component.

49Meaning of “plastic” and “recycled plastic”U.K.

(1)“Plastic” means a material consisting of a polymer, other than a cellulose-based polymer that has not been chemically modified, to which additives or other substances may have been added.

(2)“Recycled plastic” is plastic that has been reprocessed from recovered material by means of a chemical or manufacturing process, other than organic recycling, so that it can be used either for its original purpose or for other purposes.

(3)“Organic recycling” means the aerobic or anaerobic treatment, under controlled conditions and using micro-organisms, of biodegradable matter, which produces stabilised organic residues or methane.

(4)“Recovered material” is pre-consumer plastic or post-consumer plastic that—

(a)has been collected and recovered as a material input, in lieu of new primary material, for a recycling or a manufacturing process, and

(b)would otherwise have been disposed of as waste or used for energy recovery.

(5)“Pre-consumer plastic” is plastic that is—

(a)recovered from waste generated in a manufacturing process, and

(b)processed by a reprocessing facility,

but does not include plastic that is reused in the same process in which it was generated as scrap and from which it was recovered.

(6)“Post-consumer plastic” is plastic—

(a)that is generated by households or by commercial, industrial or institutional facilities in their role as end-users of the product, and

(b)that can no longer be used for its intended purpose.

This includes returns of plastic from the distribution chain.

(7)Plastic is not to be taken as recycled plastic unless it is shown that it is recycled plastic.

(8)The Treasury may by regulations amend the meaning of “plastic” and “recycled plastic”.

(9)Regulations under subsection (8) may amend this Part.

(10)The Commissioners may by regulations make provision about the methodology to be used, or the information or evidence required, to satisfy them that plastic is recycled plastic.

50Time of importationU.K.

(1)A chargeable plastic packaging component is imported into the United Kingdom—

(a)in the case of a component that is subject to customs formalities within the meaning given by section 1(1) of CEMA 1979, as soon as all such formalities have been complied with in respect of the component, and

(b)in any other case, at the time of importation for the purposes of the customs and excise Acts.

(2)[F8Subsection (1)] is subject to section 76 (Isle of Man: import and export of chargeable plastic packaging components).

[F9(3)The Commissioners may by regulations make provision about when a chargeable plastic packaging component is imported into the United Kingdom for the purposes of plastic packaging tax.

(4)Regulations under subsection (3) may amend this Part.]

Deferrals, exemptions and creditsU.K.

51Plastic packaging components intended for exportU.K.

(1)A person's liability under section 44 to pay an amount by way of plastic packaging tax in relation to a plastic packaging component is—

(a)deferred for as long as the direct export condition is met in relation to the component;

(b)cancelled if the direct export condition ceases to be met in relation to the component as a result of it being exported from the United Kingdom before the end of the deferral period in accordance with regulations made by the Commissioners.

(2)The direct export condition is met in relation to a component at any time if—

(a)the time is within the deferral period;

(b)the person who is liable to pay the tax (“the liable person”) intends to export it (and has intended to export it at all times since it was produced or imported);

(c)any other conditions or requirements specified in regulations made by the Commissioners are met.

(3)If the Commissioners are not satisfied of any matter within subsection (2) in relation to a component they may—

(a)in a case where they are satisfied that the direct export condition was met but no longer is, notify the liable person that the condition is to be taken to have ceased to be met in relation to that component from a date specified in the notification, or

(b)in any other case, notify the liable person that the direct export condition is to be taken never to have been met in relation to that component.

(4)The consequence of notification is that liability to pay an amount by way of plastic packaging tax—

(a)in a case within subsection (3)(a), ceases to be deferred in accordance with subsection (1)(a) with effect from such date as the Commissioners may specify in the notification, or

(b)in a case within subsection (3)(b), is taken never to have been deferred in accordance with subsection (1)(a).

(5)The deferral period in relation to a component is the period of 12 months beginning with the day on which the component is produced or imported.

(6)This section does not apply to plastic packaging components that are used in the removal of goods from the United Kingdom and that are—

(a)transport packaging or tertiary packaging within the meaning of regulation 3(2)(c) of the Packaging (Essential Requirements) Regulations 2015 (S.I. 2015/1640), or

(b)road, rail, ship and air containers.

(7)This section is subject to section 76 (Isle of Man: import and export of chargeable plastic packaging components).

52Exempt plastic packaging componentsU.K.

(1)No charge to plastic packaging tax arises by virtue of section 43(1)(b) in relation to plastic packaging components that are used in the delivery of goods into the United Kingdom and that are—

(a)transport packaging or tertiary packaging within the meaning of regulation 3(2)(c) of the Packaging (Essential Requirements) Regulations 2015 (S.I. 2015/1640), or

(b)road, rail, ship and air containers.

(2)No charge to plastic packaging tax arises in relation to plastic packaging components if subsection (3), (4) or (6) applies to them.

(3)This subsection applies to plastic packaging components if they are stores within the meaning of CEMA 1979 (see section 1 of that Act).

(4)This subsection applies to plastic packaging components if they are produced or imported for use in the immediate packaging of a medicinal product.

(5)In subsection (4)—

• “immediate packaging”, in relation to a medicinal product, has the meaning given by regulation 8(1) of the Human Medicines Regulations 2012 (S.I. 2012/1916);

• “medicinal product” has the meaning given by regulation 2(1) of those Regulations.

(6)This subsection applies to plastic packaging components if—

(a)before or as soon as they have been produced or imported they are permanently designated or set aside for use other than in the containment, protection, handling, delivery or presentation of goods, and

(b)the producer or person on whose behalf they were imported keeps a record of that designation or setting aside.

(7)The Treasury may by regulations make provision creating further exemptions from plastic packaging tax.

53Tax creditsU.K.

(1)The Commissioners may by regulations make provision in relation to cases where after a person has become liable to pay plastic packaging tax in respect of a prescribed plastic packaging component (the “charged component”), that component is—

(a)exported from the United Kingdom;

(b)converted into a different packaging component.

(2)The provision that may be made is provision—

(a)for the person to be entitled to a tax credit in respect of any plastic packaging tax charged on the charged component;

(b)for the tax credit to be brought into account when the person is accounting for plastic packaging tax due from the person for the prescribed accounting period or periods;

(c)for the person to be entitled to a repayment of plastic packaging tax (instead of a tax credit) in prescribed cases.

(3)Regulations under this section may (among other things) make provision—

(a)for any entitlement to a tax credit to be conditional on the making of a claim by the person, and specifying the period within which and the manner in which a claim may be made;

(b)for any entitlement to a tax credit or to bring a tax credit into account to be—

(i)conditional on compliance with prescribed requirements;

(ii)subject to prescribed minimum or maximum amounts;

(c)specifying circumstances in which, and criteria for determining the period for which, the person is or is not entitled to a tax credit;

(d)requiring a claim for a tax credit to be evidenced and quantified by reference to prescribed records and other documents;

(e)requiring a person claiming any entitlement to a tax credit to keep, for the prescribed period and in the prescribed form and manner, those records and documents and a record of prescribed information relating to the claim;

(f)for the withdrawal of a tax credit where any requirement of the regulations is not complied with;

(g)about adjustments of liability for plastic packaging tax in connection with entitlement or withdrawal of an entitlement to a tax credit in prescribed circumstances;

(h)about the treatment of a tax credit where the person ceases to carry on a business or otherwise is no longer liable to plastic packaging tax;

(i)for anything falling to be determined in accordance with the regulations to be determined by reference to a direction given in accordance with the regulations by the Commissioners;

(j)about the meaning of “converted” for the purposes of subsection (1)(b).

(4)In this section, “prescribed” means specified in or under, or determined in accordance with provision made in or under, regulations under this section.

RegistrationU.K.

54The registerU.K.

(1)The Commissioners must establish and maintain a register for the purposes of collecting and managing plastic packaging tax.

(2)The register may contain such information as the Commissioners think is required for those purposes.

(3)The Commissioners may publish, by such means as they think fit, any information which—

(a)is derived from the register, and

(b)is within any of the descriptions in subsection (4),

apart from information relating to a registration which is subject to an outstanding appeal.

(4)The descriptions are—

(a)the names of registered persons;

(b)particulars of sites at which registered persons carry on business;

(c)registration numbers assigned to registered persons;

(d)where the registered person is a body corporate that is a member of a group—

(i)the fact that it is a member of a group,

(ii)the names of the other bodies corporate that are members of the group, and

(iii)particulars of any sites at which those other bodies carry on business.

(5)Subject to subsection (6), information may be published in accordance with this section despite any obligation not to disclose the information that would otherwise apply.

(6)Nothing in this section authorises a disclosure of information which contravenes the data protection legislation (but in determining whether a disclosure would do so, take into account the powers conferred by this section).

(7)In this Part—

• “data protection legislation” has the meaning given by section 3(9) of the Data Protection Act 2018;

• “the register” means the register under subsection (1) and references to registration are to registration in it.

55Liability to register: producers and importersU.K.

(1)A person (P) who—

(a)produces finished plastic packaging components, or

(b)on whose behalf finished plastic packaging components are imported,

becomes liable to be registered on a given day if subsection (2) applies in relation to P on that day [F10(subject to subsection (5))].

(2)This subsection applies—

(a)on any day, where there are reasonable grounds for believing that the amount of finished plastic packaging components that will be produced by, or imported on behalf of, P within the period of 30 days beginning with that day will equal or exceed 10 metric tonnes, or

(b)on the first day of any calendar month, where the amount of finished plastic packaging components produced by, or imported on behalf of, P over the 12 months ending with the day before that day equals or exceeds 10 metric tonnes.

(3)Finished plastic packaging components to which section 52(1) or (3) applies are not to be taken into account for the purposes of subsection (2).

(4)In the application of subsection (2)(b) to the first day of a month falling within the year beginning with 1 April 2022, that paragraph has effect as if for “over the 12 months” there were substituted “ during the period beginning with 1 April 2022 and ”.

[F11(5)Subsection (1) does not apply to any person for the time being listed in section 13B(1) of the Customs and Excise Duties (General Reliefs) Act 1979 (members of visiting forces etc).

(6)The Commissioners may by regulations make provision about the administration of the disapplication of subsection (1) by subsection (5), including provision making it subject to conditions or requirements set out in the regulations.]

56Notification of liability and registrationU.K.

(1)A person who becomes liable to be registered under section 55 must notify the Commissioners of the liability before the end of the notification period.

(2)The “notification period” is the period of 30 days beginning with the day on which the liability arises.

(3)Where the Commissioners are satisfied that a person is liable to be registered (whether or not the person has notified liability under subsection (1)), the Commissioners must register the person with effect from the day on which the liability arises.

(4)Where an unincorporated body (other than a partnership) is registered in the name of the body concerned, no account is to be taken of any change in its members in determining how any provision of or under this Part applies in relation to the body.

(5)The Commissioners may by regulations make provision—

(a)about the form and manner in which a notification under this section is to be given;

(b)about the information to be contained in or provided with a notification under this section;

(c)for the Commissioners to require further information from a person in connection with that person's registration;

(d)requiring notifications and other communications with the Commissioners in connection with registration to be made electronically.

57Cancellation of registrationU.K.

(1)A registration under section 56 may be cancelled only in accordance with this section.

(2)The Commissioners may cancel a person's registration if—

(a)the person requests the cancellation, and

(b)the person satisfies the Commissioners that the person does not, on the day of the request, meet the liability condition.

(3)The Commissioners may cancel a person's registration if they are satisfied that the person does not meet the liability condition and has not met the liability condition for a period of at least 12 months.

(4)The Commissioners may cancel a person's registration if they are satisfied that the person did not meet the liability condition on the day on which the person was registered, and has not at any subsequent time met the liability condition.

(5)A cancellation under subsection (2) is to be made with effect from—

(a)the day on which the request is made, or

(b)such later day as may be agreed between the Commissioners and that person.

(6)A cancellation under subsection (3) is to be made with effect from—

(a)the day on which the person ceased to meet the liability condition, or

(b)such later day as may be agreed between the Commissioners and that person.

(7)A cancellation under subsection (4) is to be made with effect from the day on which the person was registered.

(8)But the Commissioners must not cancel a person's registration under subsection (2) or (3) if—

(a)there are outstanding amounts of plastic packaging tax, or amounts recoverable as plastic packaging tax, due from that person, or

(b)there are one or more outstanding returns for the purposes of plastic packaging tax due from that person.

(9)The Commissioners may decline to cancel a person's registration on any day if they reasonably believe that the person will become liable to be registered under section 55 during the period of 12 months beginning with that day.

(10)For the purposes of this section, a person meets the liability condition on a particular day if—

(a)the condition in section 55(2)(a) is met in relation to that person on that day,

(b)the day is the first day of a month and the condition in section 55(2)(b) is met in relation to that person on that day, or

(c)the day is in the same month as a day on which the condition in section 55(2)(b) was met in relation to that person.

58Correction of the registerU.K.

(1)The Commissioners may by regulations make provision about the correction of entries in the register.

(2)Regulations under subsection (1) may make provision for requiring persons who are, or are liable to be, registered to notify the Commissioners of changes in circumstances which are relevant to the register.

Secondary liability and joint and several liability noticesU.K.

59Notices imposing secondary or joint and several liabilityU.K.

Schedule 9 makes provision about notices that may in certain circumstances—

(a)impose secondary liability on a person in respect of an amount of plastic packaging tax which another person has failed to pay, or

(b)make one person jointly and severally liable with another person in respect of some or all of the other person's liability to pay plastic packaging tax in respect of a period of time in the future.

Administration and enforcementU.K.

60Measurement of weight etcU.K.

(1)The Commissioners may by regulations make provision for and about the measurement of weight for the purposes of plastic packaging tax.

(2)The regulations may (among other things) include provision about—

(a)how weight is to be measured;

(b)the time in relation to which weight is to be measured;

(c)how weight is to be evidenced;

(d)agreements between the Commissioners and particular persons about how weight is to be measured or evidenced, including provision for the Commissioners to disregard the terms of an agreement in circumstances set out in the regulations;

(e)the Commissioners making their own assessment or best judgement of weight in relation to plastic packaging components and substituting that assessment or judgement for the assessment or judgement of any other person;

(f)the Commissioners inspecting or weighing plastic packaging components or samples;

(g)the assessment of weight by the Commissioners being based on estimates or assumptions.

61Payment, collection, recoveryU.K.

(1)The Commissioners may by regulations make provision about the payment, collection and recovery of amounts for the purposes of plastic packaging tax.

(2)Regulations under subsection (1) may (among other things)—

(a)make provision for determining the accounting periods by reference to which payments are to be made;

(b)require persons who are registered or who are liable to be registered under section 55 (“relevant persons”) to keep accounts for the purposes of plastic packaging tax in a specified form and manner;

(c)require relevant persons to make returns for the purposes of plastic packaging tax;

(d)make provision about the times at which payments of plastic packaging tax are to be made and methods of payment;

(e)require the amounts payable by reference to accounting periods to be calculated by or under the regulations;

(f)make provision about the payment, collection and recovery of amounts payable by a person as a result of a secondary liability and assessment notice or a joint and several liability notice;

(g)make provision for the correction of errors made in accounting for plastic packaging tax.

(3)Provision may be made by or under regulations under subsection (2)(c) about—

(a)the form and manner of making returns;

(b)the information to be included in returns;

(c)declarations about the truth of information in returns;

(d)the periods by reference to which returns are to be made;

(e)timing.

(4)Schedule 10 makes provision about recovery and overpayments.

62Reviews and appealsU.K.

Schedule 11 makes provision about reviews and appeals.

63RecordsU.K.

(1)The Commissioners may by regulations require persons—

(a)to keep, for purposes connected with plastic packaging tax, records of specified matters, and

(b)to preserve records for a specified period.

(2)A duty under regulations under subsection (1) to preserve records may be discharged by preserving them, or the information contained in them, in any form and by any means, subject to any conditions or exceptions specified in the regulations.

(3)The period specified in regulations under subsection (1) may not exceed [F12—

(a)in a case where the records relate to an accounting period, 6 years beginning with the day after the end of the accounting period to which the records relate, or

(b)in any other case, 6 years beginning with the day on which the records are created.]

(4)The Commissioners may direct a person who is, or is liable to be, registered under this Part or to whom a secondary liability and assessment notice or a joint and several liability notice has been given—

(a)to keep such records as are specified in the direction;

(b)to preserve those records for a specified period.

(5)The Commissioners may not give a direction under subsection (4) unless they have reasonable grounds for believing that the records specified in the direction might assist in identifying chargeable plastic packaging components in respect of which plastic packaging tax might not be paid.

(6)A direction under subsection (4)—

(a)must be in writing,

(b)must specify the consequences under section 80 of a failure to comply with a requirement imposed under that section, and

(c)may be revoked or replaced by a further direction.

(7)The period specified in a direction under subsection (4)(b) may not exceed 6 years.

64Information and evidenceU.K.

Schedule 12 makes provision about the collection and sharing of information and about evidence.

65Security for taxU.K.

(1)The Commissioners may by regulations prescribe circumstances in which a person who is liable to be registered under section 55 may be required to give security (or further security) of such amount and in such manner as the Commissioners may determine for the payment of any plastic packaging tax due, or which may become due, from the person.

(2)The Commissioners may only exercise the power in subsection (1) if they consider it is necessary for the protection of the revenue.

66Unincorporated bodiesU.K.

The Commissioners may by regulations make provision in relation to a business which is carried on by a partnership or by another unincorporated body specifying by what person anything required by or under this Part to be done by a person is to be done.

67ServiceU.K.

(1)Anything required to be given to a person (“P”) by or under a provision of this Part may be given by sending it to P or to P's representative by post, addressed to that person's last known address.

(2)Anything given to P's representative is to be treated as having been given to P.

(3)In this section, “representative”, in relation to P, means—

(a)any of P's personal representatives;

(b)any person holding office as receiver in relation to P or any of P's property;

(c)P's trustee in bankruptcy or liquidator;

(d)a trustee (or interim trustee) in a sequestration of P's estate under the Bankruptcy (Scotland) Act 2016;

(e)any other person acting in a representative capacity in relation to P (including under section 69).

MiscellaneousU.K.

68Statements for business customersU.K.

(1)A person who—

(a)supplies to a business customer a plastic packaging component in respect of which a charge to plastic packaging tax has arisen, and

(b)is liable to pay plastic packaging tax on that component,

must, when invoicing that customer in respect of that component, include with that invoice a statement of the amount of plastic packaging tax arising in relation to that component (a “PPT statement”).

(2)The reference in subsection (1)(a) to supplying a plastic packaging component to a business customer includes supplying that component by virtue of supplying other goods, such as goods that are contained within the component.

(3)A PPT statement must contain such particulars as the Commissioners may prescribe in regulations.

(4)In this section, “business customer” means a person who is supplied with a plastic packaging component in the course of their carrying out a business (within the meaning of section 43(2)).

69Tax representatives of non-resident taxpayersU.K.

(1)The Commissioners may by regulations make provision requiring that every non-resident taxpayer appoint a person resident in the United Kingdom to act as the taxpayer's tax representative for the purposes of plastic packaging tax.

(2)Regulations under subsection (1) may, in particular, make provision—

(a)requiring notification to be given to the Commissioners where a person becomes a non-resident taxpayer;

(b)requiring notification to be given to the Commissioners where a person appoints a person as a tax representative;

(c)for the appointment of a person as a tax representative to take effect only where the person appointed is approved by the Commissioners;

(d)authorising the Commissioners to give a direction requiring the replacement of a tax representative;

(e)about the circumstances in which a person ceases to be a tax representative and about the withdrawal by the Commissioners of their approval of a tax representative;

(f)enabling a tax representative to act on behalf of the person for whom they are the tax representative through an agent of the representative;

(g)for the purposes of any provision made by virtue of paragraphs (a) to (f) regulating the procedure to be followed in any case and imposing requirements as to the information and other particulars to be provided to the Commissioners;

(h)as to the time at which things done under or for the purposes of the regulations are to take effect.

(3)The tax representative of a non-resident taxpayer—

(a)may act on the non-resident taxpayer's behalf for the purposes of any provision relating to plastic packaging tax, and

(b)is under a duty, except to such extent as the Commissioners may by regulations otherwise provide, to secure the non-resident taxpayer's compliance with, and discharge of, the obligations and liabilities to which the non-resident taxpayer is subject by virtue of any provision relating to plastic packaging tax (including obligations and liabilities arising or incurred before the representative was appointed).

(4)A person who is or has been the tax representative of a non-resident taxpayer is personally liable—

(a)in respect of any failure to secure compliance with, or the discharge of, any obligation or liability to which subsection (3)(b) applies while they are or were the non-resident taxpayer's tax representative, and

(b)in respect of anything done in the course of, or for purposes connected with, acting on the non-resident taxpayer's behalf,

as if the obligations and liabilities to which subsection (3)(b) applies were imposed jointly and severally on the tax representative and the non-resident taxpayer.

(5)A tax representative is not liable by virtue of this section to be registered for the purposes of plastic packaging tax; but the Commissioners may by regulations—

(a)require the registration of the names of tax representatives against the names of the non-resident taxpayers of whom they are the representatives;

(b)make provision for the deletion of the names of persons who cease to be tax representatives.

(6)A tax representative is not, by virtue of this section, guilty of an offence except in so far as—

(a)they consented to, or connived in, the commission of the offence by the non-resident taxpayer;

(b)the commission of the offence by the non-resident taxpayer is attributable to any neglect on the part of the tax representative;

(c)the offence consists in a contravention by the tax representative of an obligation which, by virtue of this section, is imposed both on the tax representative and on the non-resident taxpayer.

(7)In this section “non-resident taxpayer” means a person who—

(a)is, or is liable to be, registered under this Part, and

(b)is not resident in the United Kingdom.

(8)For the purposes of subsection (7), a person is resident in the United Kingdom at any time if, at that time—

(a)that person has an established place of business in the United Kingdom;

(b)that person has a usual place of residence in the United Kingdom;

(c)that person is a firm or unincorporated body which (without being resident in the United Kingdom by virtue of paragraph (a)) has amongst its partners or members at least one individual with a usual place of residence in the United Kingdom.

70Adjustment of contractsU.K.

(1)Subsection (2) applies where—

(a)a person (S) supplies a chargeable plastic packaging component that S has produced, or that was imported on behalf of S, to another person (P) under a contract,

(b)a payment falls to be made under the contract for the supply of the component, and

(c)after the making of the contract—

(i)plastic packaging tax becomes chargeable on the component, or

(ii)there is a change in the plastic packaging tax chargeable on the component.

(2)Unless the contract otherwise provides, S may adjust the amount of the payment mentioned in subsection (1)(b) so as to reflect the tax chargeable on the component.

(3)Subsection (4) applies where a person (S) supplies another person (P) with a chargeable plastic packaging component under a contract.

(4)Unless the contract provides otherwise, S may adjust the contract so that if P subsequently converts the component into a different chargeable plastic packaging component, P must provide S with information about the conversion.

(5)For the purposes of subsections (1) and (3), it is immaterial—

(a)when the contract was made;

(b)whether the contract also provides for other matters.

71Groups of companiesU.K.

(1)Subsection (2) applies where a body corporate (P) is liable to pay an amount of plastic packaging tax (or an amount recoverable on the basis that it is an amount of plastic packaging tax)—

(a)in respect of plastic packaging components produced by, or imported on behalf of, P, or

(b)by virtue of a secondary liability and assessment notice or a joint and several liability notice,

at the time P is [F13treated as] a member of a group.

(2)For the purposes of this Part [F14, and save as otherwise provided by or under this Part,], the representative member of the group is to be treated as if [F15—

(a)] it were liable to pay the amount instead of P[F16,

(b)it had assumed all other obligations in relation to plastic packaging tax that, apart from this subsection, would have been obligations of P, and

(c)it had assumed all entitlements in relation to plastic packaging tax that—

(i)apart from this subsection, would have been entitlements of P, and

(ii)arose after P and the representative member began to be treated as members of the same group.]

(3)All the bodies corporate who are treated as members of a group when any amount becomes due from the representative member, together with any bodies corporate who become treated as members of the group while any such amount remains unpaid, are jointly and severally liable for the amount due from the representative member.

[F17(3A)The Commissioners may by regulations make such further provision as they consider appropriate about—

(a)a body corporate that is treated as a member of a group being treated as if it had or had not assumed an entitlement given by or under this Part (ignoring the regulations) to another body corporate that is treated as a member of the group;

(b)the performance or discharge by a body corporate that is treated as a member of a group of an obligation or liability imposed by or under this Part (ignoring the regulations) on another body corporate that is treated as a member of the group.]

(4)For the purposes of this Part—

(a)a body corporate is to be treated as a member of a group at any time in relation to which it falls to be treated as such in accordance with provision made by Schedule 13, and

(b)the representative member of a group at any time is the body corporate which falls to treated as such in accordance with that Schedule.

(5)Schedule 13 makes provision about applications by two or more bodies corporate to be treated as members of the same group for the purposes of this Part.

72Prevention of artificial separation of business activities: directionsU.K.

(1)This section, and section 73, apply for the purpose of preventing the maintenance or creation of any artificial separation of business activities carried on by two or more persons from resulting in an avoidance of plastic packaging tax.

(2)The Commissioners may make a direction under this section naming any person only if they are satisfied that—

(a)the person is producing or importing, or has produced or imported, chargeable plastic packaging components,

(b)the activities in the course of which the person produces or imports, or produced or imported, chargeable plastic packaging components form only part of certain activities, the other activities being carried on concurrently or previously (or both) by one or more other persons,

(c)the activities carried on by those persons have been, or are, artificially separated, having regard to whether the persons carrying on those activities are connected within the meaning of section 1122 of CTA 2010 (“connected” persons), and

(d)if all the activities of those persons were taken into account, a single person carrying on that business would at the time of the direction be liable to be registered by virtue of section 55.

(3)Subsection (4) applies where, after making a direction under this section that specifies a description of business, it appears to the Commissioners that a person (P) who was not named in that direction is producing or importing, or has produced or imported, chargeable plastic packaging components in the course of activities which should be regarded as part of the activities of that business.

(4)The Commissioners may make a supplementary direction referring to the earlier direction and the description of business specified in it and adding P's name to those of the persons named in the earlier direction with effect from—

(a)the date on which P began to produce or import those components, or

(b)if later, the date with effect from which the single taxable person referred to in the earlier direction became liable to be registered under this Part.

(5)If, immediately before a direction (including a supplementary direction) is made under this section, any person named in the direction is registered under this Part, the person ceases to be liable to be so registered with effect from the later of—

(a)the date with effect from which the single taxable person concerned became liable to be registered, and

(b)the date of the direction.

(6)A direction under this section must be given to each person named in it.

73Prevention of artificial separation of business activities: effect of directionsU.K.

(1)For the purposes of this Part, where a direction is made under section 72—

(a)the persons named in the direction are to be treated as a single taxable person carrying on the activities of a business described in the direction;

(b)the taxable person is liable to be registered under this Part with effect from—

(i)the date of the direction, or

(ii)such later date as may be specified in the direction;

(c)the taxable person is to be registrable in such name as—

(i)the persons named in the direction may jointly nominate in writing to the Commissioners not later than 14 days after the date of the direction, or

(ii)if no such name is nominated, in such name as may be specified in the direction;

(d)any production or import of chargeable plastic packaging components by or on behalf of one of the constituent members in the course of the activities of the taxable person is to be treated as production by or import on behalf of that person;

(e)each of the constituent members is to be jointly and severally liable for any plastic packaging tax due from the taxable person;

(f)any failure by the taxable person to comply with any requirement imposed by or under this Part is to be treated as a failure by each of the constituent members severally;

(g)subject to the preceding paragraphs, for the purposes of this Part the constituent members are to be treated as a partnership carrying on the business of the taxable person and any question as to the scope of the activities of that business at any time are to be determined accordingly.

(2)Subsection (3) applies where—

(a)it appears to the Commissioners that any person (P) who is one of the constituent members should no longer be regarded as such for the purposes of subsection (1)(e) and (f), and

(b)the Commissioners give notice to that effect.

(3)P is not liable by virtue of subsection (1)(e) and (f) for anything done after the date specified in that notice (and accordingly on that date P is to be treated as having ceased to be a member of the partnership referred to in subsection (1)(g)).

(4)In subsections (1) and (2), the “constituent members” means, in relation to a business specified in a direction under section 72, the persons named in the direction, together with any person named in a supplementary direction relating to that business (together being the persons who are to be treated as the taxable person).

74Death, incapacity or insolvency of person carrying on a business: regulationsU.K.

(1)The Commissioners may by regulations make provision for the purposes of plastic packaging tax in relation to cases where a person carries on the business of—

(a)an individual who has died or become incapacitated;

(b)a person (whether or not an individual) who is subject to an insolvency procedure (as defined in the regulations).

(2)Provision may be made by regulations under this section—

(a)requiring the person who is carrying on the business (P) to inform the Commissioners that P is carrying on the business and of the event that has led to P carrying it on;

(b)allowing P to be treated for a limited time as if P and the person who has died, become incapacitated or is subject to an insolvency procedure were the same person;

(c)about such other matters as the Commissioners think fit for securing continuity in the application of this Part in cases to which the regulations apply.

75Transfer of business as a going concern: regulationsU.K.

(1)The Commissioners may by regulations make provision for the purposes of plastic packaging tax in relation to cases where any business carried on by a person (P) is transferred to another person (T) as a going concern.

(2)Regulations under this section may (among other things) make—

(a)provision requiring P to inform the Commissioners of the transfer;

(b)provision for P's liabilities and duties under this Part to become, to such extent as may be provided by the regulations, liabilities and duties of T;

(c)provision for any right of either P or T to a tax credit or repayment of plastic packaging tax to be satisfied by allowing the credit or making the repayment to the other;

(d)provision as to the preservation of any records or accounts relating to the business which, by virtue of any regulations under section 63, are required to be preserved for any period after the transfer;

(e)such other provision as the Commissioners think fit for securing continuity in the application of this Part in cases to which the regulations apply.

(3)Regulations under this section may provide that no such provision as is mentioned in subsection (2)(b) or (c) has effect in relation to any transferor or transferee unless an application for the purpose has been made by them under the regulations.

76Isle of Man: import and export of chargeable plastic packaging componentsU.K.

(1)Subsections (2) and (3) apply if—

(a)a chargeable plastic packaging component is imported into the United Kingdom from the Isle of Man, and

(b)a charge corresponding to plastic packaging tax (the “corresponding charge”) has arisen in relation to the component under the law of the Isle of Man.

(2)If the corresponding charge has arisen at a rate equal to, or greater than, the United Kingdom rate, the component is to be treated as not being imported into the United Kingdom for the purposes of plastic packaging tax.

(3)If the corresponding charge has arisen at a rate lower than the United Kingdom rate, the amount of plastic packaging tax charged under this Part in relation to the component is to be reduced by an amount equal to the corresponding charge.

(4)“The United Kingdom rate” in relation to a chargeable plastic packaging component is the rate of plastic packaging tax that would (apart from this section) be chargeable in relation to the component under this Part.

(5)For the purposes of provision made by or under sections 51 and 53, a chargeable plastic packaging component is to be treated as not being exported from the United Kingdom if it is exported from the United Kingdom to the Isle of Man.

(6)For the purposes of determining, in accordance with section 50, when a chargeable plastic packaging component is imported into the United Kingdom from the Isle of Man, section 8 of the Isle of Man Act 1979 (removal of goods from the Isle of Man) is to have effect as if, in subsection (2), at the end of paragraph (c), there were inserted “; or

(d)goods which are chargeable plastic packaging components for the purposes of plastic packaging tax.”

Offences and penaltiesU.K.

77Fraudulent evasionU.K.

(1)A person commits an offence if the person is knowingly concerned in, or in the taking of steps with a view to, the fraudulent evasion (by that person or another person) of plastic packaging tax.

(2)The reference in subsection (1) to the evasion of plastic packaging tax includes reference to obtaining, in circumstances where there is no entitlement to it—

(a)a tax credit;

(b)a repayment of plastic packaging tax.

(3)A person guilty of an offence under this section is liable—

(a)on summary conviction in England and Wales—

(i)to imprisonment for a term not exceeding [F18the general limit in a magistrates’ court],

(ii)to a fine not exceeding £20,000 or (if greater) three times the total of the amounts of plastic packaging tax that were, or were intended to be, evaded, or

(iii)to both;

(b)on summary conviction in Scotland—

(i)to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 12 months,

(ii)to a fine not exceeding the statutory maximum or (if greater) three times the total of the amounts of plastic packaging tax that were, or were intended to be, evaded, or

(iii)to both;

(c)on summary conviction in Northern Ireland—

(i)to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 6 months,

(ii)to a fine not exceeding the statutory maximum or (if greater) three times the total of the amounts of plastic packaging tax that were, or were intended to be, evaded, or

(iii)to both;

(d)on conviction on indictment—

(i)to imprisonment for a term not exceeding [F1914] years,

(ii)to a fine, or

(iii)to both.

(4)For the purposes of subsection (3), the amounts of plastic packing tax that were, or were intended to be, evaded are to be taken as including—

(a)the amount of any tax credit, and

(b)the amount of any repayment of plastic packaging tax,

which was, or was intended to be, obtained in circumstances when there was no entitlement to it.

(5)In determining for the purposes of subsection (3) the amounts of plastic packaging tax that were, or were intended to be, evaded, no account is to be taken of the extent to which any liability to tax of a person would be, or would have been, reduced by the amount of any tax credit or repayment of plastic packaging tax to which the person was, or would have been, entitled.

(6)In relation to an offence committed before [F202 May 2022], the reference in subsection (3)(a)(i) to [F21the general limit in a magistrates’ court] is to be read as a reference to 6 months.

78MisstatementsU.K.

(1)A person commits an offence if, for purposes connected with plastic packaging tax, the person—

(a)produces or provides, causes to be produced or provided, or otherwise makes use of any document which is false in a material particular, and

(b)does so intending to deceive any person or to secure that a machine will respond to the document as if it were a true document.

(2)A person commits an offence if, in providing any information under any provision made by or under this Part the person—

(a)makes a statement which the person knows to be false in a material particular, or

(b)recklessly makes a statement which is false in a material particular.

(3)A person guilty of an offence under this section is liable (subject to subsection (4))—

(a)on summary conviction in England and Wales—

(i)to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 6 months,

(ii)to a fine not exceeding £20,000, or

(iii)to both;

(b)on summary conviction in Scotland—

(i)to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 6 months,

(ii)to a fine not exceeding the statutory maximum, or

(iii)to both;

(c)on summary conviction in Northern Ireland—

(i)to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 6 months,

(ii)to a fine not exceeding the statutory maximum, or

(iii)to both;

(d)on conviction on indictment—

(i)to imprisonment for a term not exceeding [F2214] years,

(ii)to a fine, or

(iii)to both.

(4)In the case of an offence under this section where—

(a)the document referred to in subsection (1) is a return required under any provision made by or under this Part of this Act, or

(b)the information referred to in subsection (2) is contained in or otherwise relevant to such a return,

the maximum amount of the fine on summary conviction is the greater of £20,000 or the statutory maximum (as the case may be), and the amount equal to three times the sum of the amounts (if any) by which the return underestimates any person's liability to plastic packaging tax.

(5)In subsection (4) the reference to the amount by which a person's liability to plastic packaging tax is understated is the sum of—

(a)the amount (if any) by which the person's gross liability was understated, and

(b)the amount (if any) by which any entitlements of the person to tax credits and repayments of plastic packaging tax were overstated.

(6)In subsection (5) “gross liability” means liability to plastic packaging tax before any deduction is made in respect of—

(a)any entitlement to any tax credits, or

(b)any repayment of plastic packaging tax.

79Conduct involving evasions or misstatementsU.K.

(1)A person commits an offence if the person's conduct during any particular period must have involved the person committing one or more offences under section 77 or 78.

(2)For the purposes of any proceedings for an offence under this section it is immaterial whether the particulars of the offence or offences that must have been committed are known.

(3)A person guilty of an offence under this section is liable (subject to subsection (4))—

(a)on summary conviction in England and Wales—

(i)to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 6 months,

(ii)to a fine not exceeding £20,000, or

(iii)to both;

(b)on summary conviction in Scotland—

(i)to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 6 months,

(ii)to a fine not exceeding the statutory maximum, or

(iii)to both;

(c)on summary conviction in Northern Ireland—

(i)to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 6 months,

(ii)to a fine not exceeding the statutory maximum, or

(iii)to both;

(d)on conviction on indictment—

(i)to imprisonment for a term not exceeding [F2314] years,

(ii)to a fine, or

(iii)to both.

(4)In the case of any offence under this section, the maximum amount of the fine on summary conviction is the greater of £20,000 or the statutory maximum (as the case may be), and the amount equal to three times the sum of the amounts of plastic packaging tax which are shown to be amounts that were or were intended to be evaded by the conduct in question.

(5)For the purposes of subsection (4), the amounts of plastic packaging tax that were, or were intended to be, evaded are to be taken as including—

(a)the amount of any tax credit, and

(b)the amount of any repayment of plastic packaging tax,

which was, or was intended to be, obtained in circumstances when there was no entitlement to it.

(6)In determining for the purposes of subsection (4) the amounts of plastic packaging tax that were, or were intended to be, evaded, no account is to be taken of the extent to which any liability to tax of a person would be, or would have been, reduced by the amount of any tax credit or repayment of plastic packaging tax to which the person was, or would have been, entitled.

80Penalty for contravening relevant requirementsU.K.

(1)Where a person (P) fails to comply with a relevant requirement, P is liable to—

(a)a fixed penalty of £500, and

(b)a daily penalty of £40 for each day, after the first, on which the person continues to fail to comply.

(2)Where P is liable to a daily penalty in respect of a continuing failure to comply with a relevant requirement P is not liable to a further fixed penalty in respect of that failure.

(3)P is not liable to a penalty under this section in respect of an act or omission in respect of which P—

(a)has been convicted of an offence, or

(b)is liable to a penalty other than under this section.

(4)P is not liable to a penalty under this section if P satisfies the Commissioners or (on appeal) the appeal tribunal within the meaning of Schedule 11 that there is a reasonable excuse for the failure.

(5)For the purposes of subsection (4)—

(a)an insufficiency of funds is not a reasonable excuse, unless it is attributable to events outside P's control,

(b)where P relies on any other person to do anything, that is not a reasonable excuse unless P took reasonable care to avoid the failure, and

(c)where P had a reasonable excuse for the failure but the excuse has ceased, P is to be treated as having continued to have the excuse if the failure is remedied without unreasonable delay after the excuse ceased.

(6)Where P is liable to a penalty under this section—

(a)the Commissioners or, on appeal, the appeal tribunal within the meaning of Schedule 11, may reduce the penalty to such amount (including nil) as they think proper;

(b)on an appeal relating to any penalty reduced by the Commissioners, the appeal tribunal may cancel the whole or any part of the Commissioners' reduction.

(7)In this section, “relevant requirement” means an obligation or a requirement imposed by or under—

(a)section 58 (variation and correction of the register);

(b)section 61 (payment, collection and recovery);

(c)section 63 (records);

(d)section 65 (security for tax);

(e)section 68 (statements);

(f)section 69 (tax representatives);

(g)section 74 (death, incapacity or insolvency of person carrying on a business);

(h)section 75 (transfer of business as a going concern);

(i)Schedule 9 (secondary liability and assessment notices and joint and several liability notices);

(j)Schedule 13 (groups of companies).

(8)The Treasury may by regulations amend subsection (1) so as to substitute for the amounts for the time being specified there amounts taking account of inflation.

(9)The Treasury may by regulations amend subsection (7) so as to add or remove a requirement relating to plastic packaging tax as a “relevant requirement”.

(10)Schedule 14 makes provision about the assessment of penalties under this section.

81Criminal proceedingsU.K.

Sections 145 to 155 of CEMA 1979 (proceedings for offences, mitigation of penalties and certain other matters) apply in relation to offences under this Part as they apply in relation to offences under the customs and excise Acts.

GeneralU.K.

82Minor and consequential amendmentsU.K.

Schedule 15 makes minor and consequential amendments to other legislation.

83InterpretationU.K.

In this Part—

• “accounting period” has the meaning given by section 46(2);

• “chargeable plastic packaging component” is to be construed in accordance with section 47;

• “the Commissioners” means the Commissioners for Her Majesty's Revenue and Customs;

• “the customs and excise Acts” has the same meaning as in CEMA 1979 (see section 1(1) of that Act);

• “finished” has the meaning given by section 47(3);

• “HMRC” means Her Majesty's Revenue and Customs;

• “imported” is to be construed in accordance with section 50;

• “joint and several liability notice” has the meaning that it has in Part 2 of Schedule 9;

• “packaging component” and “plastic packaging component” are to be construed in accordance with section 48;

• “plastic” and “recycled plastic” are to be construed in accordance with section 49;

• “the register” means the register under section 54(1) (and references to registration are to registration in that register);

• “secondary liability and assessment notice” has the meaning that it has in Part 1 of Schedule 9;

• “tax credit”, unless the context requires otherwise, means a tax credit in accordance with regulations under section 53.

84RegulationsU.K.

(1)Regulations under this Part—

(a)may make different provision for different purposes;

(b)may include incidental, consequential, supplementary, transitional or transitory provision.

(2)Regulations under this Part may make provision by reference to things specified in a notice that is—

(a)published by the Commissioners in accordance with the regulations, and

(b)not withdrawn by a further notice.

(3)Any power of the Commissioners to make regulations under this Part may instead be exercised by the Treasury.

(4)Regulations under this Part are to be made by statutory instrument.

(5)A statutory instrument containing regulations under the following provisions is subject to the made affirmative procedure—

(a)section 48(5) (meaning of “packaging component”);

(b)section 49(8) (meaning of “plastic” and “recycled plastic”);

[F24(ba)section 50(3) (timing of importation);]

(c)section 52 (exempt plastic packaging components);

(d)section 80(8) or (9) (penalties for contravening relevant requirements).

(6)Any other statutory instrument containing regulations under this Part is subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of the House of Commons (“the negative procedure”).

(7)But subsection (6) does not apply to a statutory instrument containing only regulations under section 85 (commencement of this Part).

(8)Where a statutory instrument under this Act is subject to “the made affirmative procedure”—

(a)it must be laid before the House of Commons after being made, and

(b)it ceases to have effect at the end of the period of 28 sitting days beginning with the day on which the instrument is made, unless within that period the instrument is approved by a resolution of the House of Commons.

(9)Where regulations cease to have effect as a result of subsection (8), that does not—

(a)affect anything previously done under the regulations, or

(b)prevent the making of new regulations.

(10)Any provision that may be included in regulations in a statutory instrument under this Act subject to the negative procedure may be included in regulations in a statutory instrument subject to the made affirmative procedure.

(11)In this section, “sitting day” means a day on which the House of Commons is sitting (and a day is only a day on which the House of Commons is sitting if the House begins to sit on that day).

85Commencement etcU.K.

(1)This Part—

(a)comes into force on such day as the Treasury may by regulations appoint, and

(b)has effect in relation to packaging components that are produced in the United Kingdom or imported into the United Kingdom on or after 1 April 2022.

(2)Regulations under this section may appoint different days for different purposes.

PART 3 U.K.Other taxes

Inheritance taxU.K.

86Rate bands etc for tax years 2021-22 to [F252027-28]U.K.

Sections 8 and 8D(7) of IHTA 1984 (indexation of rate bands, residential enhancement and taper threshold) do not have effect by virtue of any difference between—

(a)the consumer prices index for the month of September in 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023 [F26, 2024, 2025 or 2026], and

(b)that index for the previous September.

Stamp duty land taxU.K.

87Temporary period for reduced rates on residential propertyU.K.

(1)The Stamp Duty Land Tax (Temporary Relief) Act 2020 is amended as follows.

(2)In section 1 (reduced rates of SDLT on residential property for a temporary period)—

(a)in subsection (1)(b) (which specifies the end of that temporary period), for “31 March 2021” substitute “ 30 June 2021 ”,

(b)in subsections (1) and (6)(a), for “temporary” substitute “ initial temporary ”, and

(c)in the heading, for “a temporary” substitute “ an initial temporary ”.

(3)After that section insert—

“1AFurther period for reduced rates of SDLT on residential property

(1)This section makes modifications of Part 4 of the Finance Act 2003 in relation to any land transaction the effective date of which falls in the period (“the further temporary relief period”)—

(a)beginning with 1 July 2021, and

(b)ending with 30 September 2021.

(2)Section 55(1B) (amount of stamp duty land tax chargeable: general) has effect as if for Table A there were substituted—

(3)Schedule 4ZA (higher rates of stamp duty land tax for additional dwellings etc) has effect as if for the Table A in section 55(1B) mentioned in paragraph 1(2) there were substituted—

(4)Paragraph 2(3) of Schedule 5 (amount of SDLT chargeable in respect of rent) has effect as if for Table A there were substituted—

(5)In a case where—

(a)as a result of section 44(4) of the Finance Act 2003 the effective date of a land transaction falls in the further temporary relief period, and

(b)the contract concerned is completed by a conveyance after that period ends,

section 44(8) of that Act is not to apply in relation to that conveyance if the sole reason that (but for this subsection) it would have applied is that the modifications made by this section have no effect in relation to that conveyance.

(6)Section 44(10) of the Finance Act 2003 applies for the purposes of subsection (5).”

88Increased rates for non-resident transactionsU.K.

Schedule 16 makes provision for increased rates of stamp duty land tax in respect of non-resident transactions.

89Relief from higher rate charge for certain housing co-operatives etcU.K.

(1)In Schedule 4A to FA 2003 (higher rate of SDLT for certain transactions), after paragraph 5F insert—

5FAParagraph 3 does not apply to a chargeable transaction so far as its subject-matter consists of a higher threshold interest that is acquired by a company on a day on which the company is a qualifying housing co-operative for the purposes of section 150(3A) of the Finance Act 2013 (relief from ATED).”

(2)In that Schedule, after paragraph 5K insert—

“5L(1)This paragraph applies where relief under paragraph 5FA (qualifying housing co-operatives) has been allowed in respect of a higher threshold interest forming the whole or part of the subject-matter of a chargeable transaction.

(2)References in this paragraph to a qualifying housing body are to—

(a)a company that is a qualifying housing co-operative for the purposes of section 150(3A) of the Finance Act 2013 (relief from ATED),

(b)a registered provider of social housing, or

(c)a registered social landlord.

(3)The relief under paragraph 5FA is withdrawn (subject to sub-paragraph (4)) if—

(a)on any day in the period of three years beginning with the effective date of the chargeable transaction (“the control period”), the purchaser is not a qualifying housing body, and

(b)immediately before the first day on which that is the case the purchaser still holds the higher threshold interest or holds a chargeable interest derived from it.

(4)If, on any day in the control period, the purchaser is not a qualifying housing body because it ceases to exist (whether by virtue of a conversion into, or amalgamation with, another person or for any other reason), relief is not to be withdrawn under this paragraph unless—

(a)another person (“the first successor”) has succeeded to the engagements of the purchaser, and

(b)condition A or condition B is met (and if condition B is met, subject to sub-paragraph (7)).

(5)Condition A is that, on the day the first successor succeeds to the engagements of the purchaser (“the day of succession”), the first successor is not a qualifying housing body.

(6)Condition B is that—

(a)on any day in the part of the control period that falls after the day of succession, the first successor is not a qualifying housing body, and

(b)immediately before the first day on which that is the case the first successor still holds the higher threshold interest or holds a chargeable interest derived from it.

(7)If condition B is met because the first successor ceases to exist (whether by virtue of a conversion into, or amalgamation with, another person or for any other reason), relief is not to be withdrawn under this paragraph unless it would have been withdrawn by virtue of sub-paragraph (4) if references in sub-paragraphs (4) to (6)—

(a)to the purchaser were references to the first successor, and

(b)to the first successor were references to the person who has succeeded to the engagements of the first successor (“the second successor”).

(8)Sub-paragraph (7) is to apply to the second successor as it applies to the first successor, and so on, subject to the necessary modifications.”

(3)Schedule 17 contains minor and consequential amendments of Part 4 of FA 2003 (stamp duty land tax).

(4)The amendments made by this section and Schedule 17 have effect in relation to any land transaction of which the effective date is 3 March 2021 or a later date.

Annual tax on enveloped dwellingsU.K.

90Relief for certain housing co-operativesU.K.

(1)In section 150 of FA 2013 (providers of social housing)—

(a)after subsection (3) insert—

“(3A)A day in a chargeable period is relievable in relation to a single-dwelling interest if on that day a qualifying housing co-operative (as defined by section 150A) is entitled to the interest.”, and

(b)in the heading, at the end insert “ etc ”.

(2)After that section insert—

“150AMeaning of “qualifying housing co-operative”

(1)A company is a “qualifying housing co-operative” for the purposes of section 150(3A) on any day if on that day—

(a)it is a housing association within the meaning of—

(i)the Housing Associations Act 1985, or

(ii)Part 2 of the Housing (Northern Ireland) Order 1992 (S.I. 1992/1725 (N.I. 15)),

(b)it is a registered society within the meaning of—

(i)the Co-operative and Community Benefit Societies Act 2014, or

(ii)the Co-operative and Community Benefit Societies Act (Northern Ireland) 1969, and

(c)the rules of the association comply with subsection (2).

(2)The rules of the association—

(a)must restrict membership to persons who are tenants, or prospective tenants, of the association,

(b)must preclude the granting or assignment of tenancies to persons other than members,

(c)must prevent members from transferring any of their shares,

(d)must prevent members from receiving any more than the nominal value of their shares on a return of share capital, and

(e)must confer on members equal voting rights.”

(3)The amendments made by this section have effect in relation to—

(a)the chargeable period beginning with 1 April 2021 and all subsequent chargeable periods;

(b)the chargeable period beginning with 1 April 2020 but only in relation to a person and a single-dwelling interest falling within case A or case B.

(4)Case A is that the first day in the chargeable period on which the person is within the charge with respect to the single-dwelling interest is on or after 3 March 2021.

(5)Case B is that the person was within the charge with respect to the single-dwelling interest on one or more days in the chargeable period before 3 March 2021 but has not delivered an annual tax on enveloped dwellings return for the period with respect to the interest by 3 March 2021.

(6)For the purposes of subsections (3) to (5), “single-dwelling interest”, “within the charge” and “annual tax on enveloped dwellings return” have the same meanings that they have for the purposes of Part 3 of FA 2013.

91Repayment to certain housing co-operatives: 2020-21 chargeable periodU.K.

(1)A claim for repayment of annual tax on enveloped dwellings paid, before 3 March 2021, by or on behalf of a chargeable person with respect to a single-dwelling interest may be made by the person for each day (if any) in the chargeable period beginning with 1 April 2020 on which—

(a)the person was within the charge with respect to the interest and not treated as being outside the charge by virtue of section 132(2) of FA 2013 (effect of reliefs under sections 133 to 150), and

(b)a qualifying housing co-operative was entitled to the interest.

(2)For the purposes of a claim under this section with respect to a single-dwelling interest—

(a)a company is a qualifying housing co-operative on any day if on that day it would have been a qualifying housing co-operative for the purposes of section 150(3A) of FA 2013 (if sections 150(3A) and 150A of FA 2013 (inserted by section 90) had been in force on that day);

(b)each day on which the conditions in subsection (1)(a) and (b) are met with respect to the interest is a “relievable day”;

(c)references to “the relevant return” are to the annual tax on enveloped dwellings return for the chargeable period beginning with 1 April 2020 with respect to the interest.

(3)Where a claim is made under this section with respect to a single-dwelling interest, HMRC must repay the total of the daily amounts for all the relievable days.

(4)A claim under this section must be made by amending the relevant return under paragraph 3 of Schedule 33 to FA 2013 on the same basis as it would have been amended if, on each of the relievable days, the chargeable person had been entitled to claim the type of relief numbered 8 in the table in section 159A(9) of FA 2013.

(5)Terms used in this section and in Part 3 of FA 2013 have the same meaning in this section as in that Part.

Value added taxU.K.

92Extension of temporary 5% reduced rate for hospitality and tourism sectorsU.K.

In Articles 2 and 5 of the Value Added Tax (Reduced Rate) (Hospitality and Tourism) (Coronavirus) Order 2020 (S.I. 2020/728), for “31st March 2021” substitute “ 30th September 2021 ”.

93Temporary 12.5% reduced rate for hospitality and tourism sectorsU.K.

(1)The modifications made by Articles 3 and 4 of the Value Added Tax (Reduced Rate) (Hospitality and Tourism) (Coronavirus) Order 2020 (S.I. 2020/728) (“the Reduced Rate Order”) continue to have effect (despite Article 2 of that Order) during the relevant period.

(2)During that period, in relation to a supply that is of a description within Groups 14 to 16 in Part 2 of Schedule 7A to VATA 1994, the reference in section 29A(1) of that Act to “5 per cent” is to be read as a reference to “12.5 per cent” (and any reference elsewhere in that Act to a rate of 5% in the context of a supply of a description specified in Schedule 7A is to be read accordingly).

(3)The modifications made by Article 6 of the Reduced Rate Order also continue to have effect (despite Article 5 of that Order) during the relevant period, but subject to the modifications in subsection (4).

(4)The modifications to Article 6 of the Reduced Rate Order mentioned in subsection (3) are—

(a)as if in paragraph (a), for “4.5” there were substituted “ 8.5 ”;

(b)as if in paragraph (b), for “0” there were substituted “ 5.5 ”;

(c)as if in paragraph (c), for “1” there were substituted “ 4 ”.

(5)The relevant period means the period—

(a)beginning with the day after the day on which the modifications made by Articles 3, 4 and 6 of the Reduced Rate Order would otherwise cease to apply by virtue of the ending of the periods mentioned in Articles 2 and 5 of that Order (whether in accordance with section 92 or any regulations made under section 26B or 29A(3) of VATA 1994), and

(b)ending on 31 March 2022.

(6)The Treasury may by regulations—

(a)repeal subsections (1) to (5);

(b)amend subsection (5) so as to substitute for the period for the time being mentioned there such other period as they consider appropriate.

(7)A statutory instrument containing regulations under subsection (6) that would increase the rate of value added tax to be charged on a supply must be laid before the House of Commons after being made and, unless approved by that House before the end of the period of 28 days beginning with the date on which the instrument is made, ceases to have effect at the end of that period.

(8)Any other statutory instrument containing regulations under subsection (6) is subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of the House of Commons.

(9)The fact that a statutory instrument ceases to have effect as a result of subsection (7) does not affect—

(a)anything previously done under the instrument, or

(b)the making of a new instrument.

(10)In calculating the period of 28 days mentioned in subsection (7), no account is to be taken of any time—

(a)during which Parliament is dissolved or prorogued, or

(b)during which the House of Commons is adjourned for more than four days.

94Extending digital record-keeping for VAT purposes to all businessesU.K.

In paragraph 6 of Schedule 11 to VATA 1994 (duty of taxable person to keep records), omit sub-paragraphs (7) to (9).

95Distance selling: Northern IrelandU.K.

(1)In Schedule 18, which makes provision in relation to the Protocol on Ireland/Northern Ireland in the EU withdrawal agreement about value added tax and distance selling—

(a)Part 1 makes provision amending—

(i)the criteria for registration under Part 9 of Schedule 9ZA to VATA 1994 (value added tax on acquisitions in Northern Ireland from member States: registration in respect of distance sales), and

(ii)the application of the place of supply rules in Part 5 of Schedule 9ZB to VATA 1994 (goods removed to or from Northern Ireland: rules relating to particular supplies);

(b)Part 2 makes provision implementing the European Union schemes known as the One Stop Shop (“OSS”) and the Import One Stop Shop (“IOSS”);

(c)Part 3 makes provision amending Schedule 9ZC to VATA 1994 (online sales by overseas persons and low value importations: modifications relating to the Northern Ireland Protocol) to omit Part 2 of that Schedule (modifications of the Value Added Tax (Imported Goods) Relief Order 1984);

(d)Part 4 makes provision about supplies of goods by persons established outside the United Kingdom that are facilitated by online marketplaces.

(2)The Treasury may by regulations made by statutory instrument make such provision as they consider appropriate in consequence of this section or Schedule 18, including provision amending, repealing or revoking any provision of an Act whenever passed or made (including this Act and any Act amended by it).

(3)The Treasury may by regulations made by statutory instrument make such transitional, transitory, saving, supplementary or incidental provision as they consider appropriate in connection with the coming into force of this section or Schedule 18.

(4)Regulations under subsections (2) and (3) may (among other things)—

(a)confer on a person specified in the regulations a discretion to do anything under, or for the purposes of, the regulations;

(b)make provision by reference to things specified in a notice published in accordance with the regulations;

(c)make different provision for different purposes or areas.

(5)A statutory instrument that—

(a)contains (whether alone or with other provision) regulations under subsection (2), and

(b)is not subject to any requirement under section 96 that the instrument be laid before, and approved by a resolution of, the House of Commons after being made,

is subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of the House of Commons.

(6)This subsection and the following provisions come into force on the day on which this Act is passed—

(a)subsection (1) and Schedule 18 so far as making provision for anything to be done by regulations, directions or public notice, and

(b)subsections (2) to (5), (7) and (8).

(7)Subsection (1) and Schedule 18 come into force for all remaining purposes on such day as the Treasury may by regulations made by statutory instrument appoint.

(8)Regulations under subsection (7) may appoint different days for different purposes.

96Distance selling: power to make further provisionU.K.

(1)The Treasury may by regulations made by statutory instrument make such provision relating to value added tax as they consider appropriate in relation to the Protocol on Ireland/Northern Ireland in the EU withdrawal agreement—

(a)for the purposes of, or in connection with, giving effect to Council Directive (EU) 2017/2455 of 5 December 2017 amending Directive 2006/112/EC and Directive 2009/132/EC as regards certain value added tax obligations for supplies of services and distance sales of goods, or

(b)otherwise for the purposes of dealing with matters arising out of, or related to, that Directive.

(2)No regulations may be made under this section on or after 1 April 2024.

(3)Regulations under this section—

(a)may make any such provision as might be made by an Act of Parliament, including provision amending or repealing any provision of this Act, but

(b)may not make provision taking effect from a date earlier than that of the making of the regulations.

(4)A statutory instrument containing (whether alone or with other provision) regulations under this section that amend or repeal any Act of Parliament must be laid before the House of Commons after being made.

(5)Regulations contained in a statutory instrument laid before the House of Commons under subsection (4) cease to have effect at the end of the period of 28 days beginning with the day on which the instrument is made unless, during that period, the instrument is approved by a resolution of the House of Commons.

(6)In calculating the period of 28 days, no account is to be taken of any whole days that fall within a period during which—

(a)Parliament is dissolved or prorogued, or

(b)the House of Commons is adjourned for more than four days.

(7)If regulations cease to have effect as a result of subsection (5), that does not—

(a)affect the validity of anything previously done under or by virtue of the instrument, or

(b)prevent the making of new regulations.

(8)A statutory instrument containing (whether alone or with other provision) regulations under this section to which subsection (4) does not apply is subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of the House of Commons.

(9)This section comes into force on the day on which this Act is passed.

97Supply of imported works of art etcU.K.

(1)In Schedule 6 to VATA 1994 (valuation: special cases), after paragraph 11 insert—

“11A(1)Sub-paragraph (2) applies to goods that—

(a)fall within subsection (5) of section 21 (works of art etc), and

(b)are treated as supplied in the United Kingdom as a result of section 7(5B) (importation of consignments with an intrinsic value not exceeding £135).

(2)The value of a supply of goods to which this sub-paragraph applies is to be taken to be an amount equal to 25% of the amount that, apart from this sub-paragraph, would be its value for the purposes of this Act.

(3)An order under section 2(2) may contain provision making such alteration of the percentage for the time being specified in sub-paragraph (2) as the Treasury consider appropriate in consequence of any increase or decrease by that order of the rate of VAT.”

(2)The amendment made by subsection (1) has effect in relation to supplies made on or after IP completion day.

98Continuing effect of principle preventing the abuse of the VAT systemU.K.

(1)In section 42 of TCTA 2018 (EU law relating to VAT), after subsection (4) insert—

“(4A)Accordingly, that principle may continue to be relied upon in determining any matter relating to value added tax (including in determining the effect of any provision made by or under an enactment).”

(2)That section has effect, and is to be deemed always to have had effect, with the amendment made by subsection (1).

99Deferring VAT payment by reason of the coronavirus emergencyU.K.

(1)Schedule 19 makes provision about—

(a)powers of the Commissioners for Her Majesty's Revenue and Customs to agree that payment of sums to meet liabilities described in article 5 of the Finance Act 2008, Section 135 (Coronavirus) Order 2020 (S.I. 2020/934) (“the Coronavirus Order 2020”) may be further deferred,

(b)surcharges arising on such sums, and

(c)a penalty payable in connection with non-payment of such sums.

(2)Subsection (1) and Schedule 19 are to be treated as having come into force on 9 March 2021.

(3)The Treasury may by regulations repeal paragraphs 4 to 11 of Schedule 19 (penalty) where they consider it appropriate to do so by reason of circumstances arising as a result of the emergency specified in article 2 of the Coronavirus Order 2020.

(4)Regulations made under subsection (3)—

(a)must make provision for the repayment of amounts paid in respect of penalties under Schedule 19, and

(b)may make other transitional provision.

(5)Regulations under this section are to be made by statutory instrument.

(6)A statutory instrument containing regulations under this section is subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of the House of Commons.

100Refunds to S4CU.K.

(1)In section 33(3) of the Value Added Tax Act 1994 (refunds of VAT in certain cases), after paragraph (i) insert—

“(ia)S4C;”.

(2)The amendment made by this section has effect in relation to supplies made, and acquisitions and importations taking place, on or after 1 April 2021.

Customs dutyU.K.

101Steel removed to Northern IrelandU.K.

Schedule 20 contains amendments of the Customs (Northern Ireland) (EU Exit) Regulations 2020 (S.I. 2020/1605) in connection with the removal of certain steel products to Northern Ireland.

Fuel dutiesU.K.

102Restriction of use of rebated diesel and biofuelsU.K.

(1)Schedule 21 makes—

(a)provision amending HODA 1979 to restrict the use of rebated diesel and biofuels to specified categories of machines, and

(b)related provision.

(2)Schedule 21 comes into force on 1 April 2022.

(3)The Treasury may by regulations make such consequential, supplementary, incidental, transitional, transitory or saving provision as the Treasury consider appropriate in connection with the coming into force of Schedule 21.

(4)Regulations under subsection (3) may—

(a)amend, repeal or revoke provision made by or under an Act passed before this Act;

(b)make different provision for different purposes or areas.

(5)Regulations under subsection (3) are to be made by statutory instrument.

(6)A statutory instrument containing regulations under subsection (3) is subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of the House of Commons.

(7)In Schedule 11 to FA 2020 (amendments of HODA 1979 relating to private pleasure craft), in paragraph 21 (power to make consequential amendments), after “enactment” insert “ , including Schedule 21 to FA 2021, ”.

Tobacco products dutyU.K.

103Rates of tobacco products dutyU.K.

(1)In Schedule 1 to TDPA 1979 (table of rates of tobacco products duty), for the Table substitute—

(2)In consequence of the provision made by subsection (1), the Tobacco Products Duty (Alteration of Rates) Order 2020 (S.I. 2020/1256) is revoked.

Vehicle taxesU.K.

104Rates for light passenger or light goods vehicles, motorcycles etcU.K.

(1)Schedule 1 to VERA 1994 (annual rates of vehicle excise duty) is amended as follows.

(2)In paragraph 1 (general rate)—

(a)in sub-paragraph (2) (vehicle not covered elsewhere in Schedule with engine cylinder capacity exceeding 1,549cc), for “£270” substitute “ £280 ”, and

(b)in sub-paragraph (2A) (vehicle not covered elsewhere in Schedule with engine cylinder capacity not exceeding 1,549cc), for “£165” substitute “ £170 ”.

(3)In paragraph 1B (graduated rates for light passenger vehicles registered before 1 April 2017), for the Table substitute—

(4)In the sentence immediately following the Table in that paragraph, for paragraphs (a) and (b) substitute—

“(a)in column (3), in the last two rows, “330” were substituted for “575” and “ 590 ”, and

(b)in column (4), in the last two rows, “340” were substituted for “585” and “ 600 ”.”

(5)In paragraph 1GC (graduated rates for first licence for light passenger vehicles registered on or after 1 April 2017), for Table 1 (vehicles other than higher rate diesel vehicles) substitute—

(6)In that paragraph, for Table 2 (higher rate diesel vehicles) substitute—

(7)In paragraph 1GD(1) (rates for any other licence for light passenger vehicles registered on or after 1 April 2017)—

(a)in paragraph (a) (reduced rate), for “£140” substitute “ £145 ”, and

(b)in paragraph (b) (standard rate), for “£150” substitute “ £155 ”.

(8)In paragraph 1GE(2) (rates for light passenger vehicles registered on or after 1 April 2017 with a price exceeding £40,000)—

(a)in paragraph (a), for “£465” substitute “ £480 ”, and

(b)in paragraph (b), for “£475” substitute “ £490 ”.

(9)In paragraph 1J(a) (rates for light goods vehicles that are not pre-2007 or post-2008 lower emission vans), for “£265” substitute “ £275 ”.

(10)In paragraph 2(1) (rates for motorcycles)—

(a)in paragraph (a) (engine cylinder capacity not exceeding 150cc), for “£20” substitute “ £21 ”,

(b)in paragraph (b) (motorbicycles with engine cylinder capacity exceeding 150cc but not exceeding 400cc), for “£44” substitute “ £45 ”,

(c)in paragraph (c) (motorbicycles with engine cylinder capacity exceeding 400cc but not exceeding 600cc), for “£67” substitute “ £69 ”, and

(d)in paragraph (d) (other cases), for “£93” substitute “ £96 ”.

(11)The amendments made by this section have effect in relation to licences taken out on or after 1 April 2021.

105Rebates where higher rate of duty paidU.K.

(1)Section 19 of VERA 1994 (rebates of vehicle excise duty) is amended as follows.

(2)In subsection (3A) for “subsection (3B)” substitute “ subsections (3B) and (3C) ”.

(3)After subsection (3B) insert—

“(3C)Where the annual rate of duty chargeable on a vehicle licence at the time when it was taken out is determined in accordance with paragraph 1GE(2) of Schedule 1 (higher rates of duty: vehicles with a price exceeding £40,000) the relevant amount is given by—

(3D)In subsection (3C) the “day of registration” means the day on which the vehicle in respect of which the licence is in force was first registered under this Act or under the law of a country or territory outside the United Kingdom.”

(4)The amendments made by this section have effect in relation to cases where a rebate condition (within the meaning of section 19 of VERA 1994) is satisfied on or after 1 April 2021.

F27106HGV road user levy (extension of suspension)U.K.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Air passenger dutyU.K.

107Rates of air passenger duty from 1 April 2022U.K.

(1)In section 30(4A) of FA 1994 (air passenger duty: long haul rates)—

(a)in paragraph (a), for “£82” substitute “ £84 ”, and

(b)in paragraph (b), for “£180” substitute “ £185 ”.

(2)The amendments made by this section have effect in relation to the carriage of passengers beginning on or after 1 April 2022.

Gaming dutyU.K.

108Amounts of gross gaming yield charged to gaming dutyU.K.

(1)In section 11(2) of FA 1997 (rates of gaming duty), for the table substitute—

(2)The amendment made by this section has effect in relation to accounting periods beginning on or after 1 April 2021.

Environmental taxesU.K.

109Rates of climate change levy from 1 April 2022 to 31 March 2023U.K.

(1)Paragraph 42 of Schedule 6 to FA 2000 (climate change levy: amount payable by way of levy) is amended as follows.

(2)In sub-paragraph (1), for the table substitute—

(3)In sub-paragraph (1)(c) (reduced-rate supplies in respect of any taxable commodity other than electricity or petroleum gas, or other gaseous hydrocarbon, supplied in a liquid state), for “17” substitute “ 14 ”.

(4)In consequence of the amendment made by subsection (3), in the definition of “r” in the Notes to paragraph 2 of Schedule 1 to the Climate Change Levy (General) Regulations 2001, for “0.83” substitute “ 0.86 ”.

(5)The amendments made by this section have effect in relation to supplies treated as taking place on or after 1 April 2022 but before 1 April 2023.

110Rates of climate change levy from 1 April 2023U.K.

(1)Paragraph 42 of Schedule 6 to FA 2000 (climate change levy: amount payable by way of levy) is amended as follows.

(2)In sub-paragraph (1), for the table substitute—

(3)In sub-paragraph (1)(c) (reduced-rate supplies in respect of any taxable commodity other than electricity or petroleum gas, or other gaseous hydrocarbon, supplied in a liquid state), as amended by section 109(3), for “14” substitute “ 12 ”.

(4)In consequence of the amendment made by subsection (3), in the definition of “r” in the Notes to paragraph 2 of Schedule 1 to the Climate Change Levy (General) Regulations 2001, as amended by section 109(4), for “0.86” substitute “ 0.88 ”.

(5)The amendments made by this section have effect in relation to supplies treated as taking place on or after 1 April 2023.

111Rates of landfill taxU.K.

(1)Section 42 of FA 1996 (amount of landfill tax) is amended as follows.

(2)In subsection (1)(a) (standard rate), for “£94.15” substitute “ £96.70 ”.

(3)In subsection (2) (reduced rate for certain disposals), in the words after paragraph (b)—

(a)for “£94.15” substitute “ £96.70 ”, and

(b)for “£3” substitute “ £3.10 ”.

(4)The amendments made by this section have effect in relation to disposals made (or treated as made) on or after 1 April 2021.

112Repeal of carbon emissions taxU.K.

(1)In FA 2019, omit Part 3 (carbon emissions tax).

(2)In FA 2020, omit section 95 and Schedule 12 (carbon emissions tax).

PART 4U.K.Miscellaneous and final

Freeports [F28and investment zones] U.K.

113Designation of [F29special tax sites] U.K.

(1)The Treasury may by regulations designate an area in Great Britain as a special area for the purposes of—

(a)Part 2 of CAA 2001 (plant and machinery allowances),

(b)Part 2A of CAA 2001 (structures and buildings allowances), and

(c)where the area is in England, Part 4 of FA 2003 (stamp duty land tax).

(2)An area may only be designated by regulations under this section if, at the time the regulations are made—

(a)the area is situated in a freeport [F30or an investment zone], or

(b)the Treasury consider that the area is being used, or is likely to be used, for purposes connected with activities carried on, or likely to be carried on, in a freeport [F31or an investment zone].

(3)An area designated under this section is to be known as [F32a “special tax site”].

(4)Regulations under this section must specify the date on which the designation takes effect.

[F33(5)For the purposes of this section any reference to a freeport or an investment zone is to an area which is identified as such in a document published by, or with the consent of, the Treasury for the purposes of this section (and not withdrawn).]

(6)Any regulations made by the Treasury in reliance on a resolution under section 1 of the Provisional Collection of Taxes Act 1968 and in force immediately before the passing of this Act which make a designation described in subsections (1) and (2) have effect as if validly made under this section.

114Capital allowances for freeport tax sitesU.K.

(1)Schedule 22 makes provision about capital allowances for expenditure incurred in connection with freeport tax sites.

(2)In that Schedule —

(a)Part 1 provides for a first-year allowance under Part 2 of CAA 2001 (plant and machinery allowances),

(b)Part 2 provides for a different rate of allowance under Part 2A of CAA 2001 (structures and buildings allowances), and

(c)Part 3 contains related amendments.

115Relief from stamp duty land tax for freeport tax sitesU.K.

Schedule 23 provides for relief under Part 4 of FA 2003 in the case of transactions relating to land in a freeport tax site.

PenaltiesU.K.

116Penalties for failure to make returns etcU.K.

(1)Schedule 24 contains provision for imposing penalties on persons in respect of failures to make certain returns.

(2)Schedule 25 contains provision for imposing penalties on persons who, by failing to make certain returns, deliberately withhold information which would enable or assist HMRC to assess that person's liability to tax.

(3)Schedules 24 and 25 come into force on such day as the Treasury may by regulations appoint.

(4)Different days may be appointed for different purposes.

(5)The Treasury may by regulations make transitional, transitory or saving provision in connection with the coming into force of any provision in Schedules 24 and 25.