南

南 U+5357, 南 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5357 ← 卖 [U+5356] CJK Unified Ideographs 単 → [U+5358]

සර්ව භාෂාමය

Stroke order

හන් අනුලක්ෂණය

南 (Kangxi radical 24, 十+7, 9 strokes, cangjie input 十月廿十 (JBTJ), four-corner 4022₇, composition ⿱十⿵冂𢆉)

ව්‍යුත්පන්න අනුලක්ෂණ

• 㑲, 㓓, 喃, 𡎜, 婻, 𪩂, 㣮, 揇, 湳, 暔, 腩, 楠, 煵, 遖, 䊖, 䋻(䌾), 蝻, 諵, 𨂾, 𨡯, 𨩇, 𠄼, 献, 𢆥, 𦣰, 萳, 罱, 䈒

මූලාශ්‍ර

• Kangxi ශබ්දකෝෂය: පිටුව 157, අනුලක්ෂණය 5
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: අනුලක්ෂණය 2750
• Dae Jaweon: පිටුව 357, අනුලක්ෂණය 8
• Hanyu Da Zidian (පළමුවන සංස්කරණය): වෙලුම 1, පිටුව 65, අනුලක්ෂණය 2
• Unihan data for U+5357

චීන

simp. and trad.		南
2nd round simp.		⿱十冂

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 南
Shang	Western Zhou	Spring and Autumn	Warring States			Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Bronze inscriptions	Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Qin slip script	Ancient script	Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (南) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
南	*nuːm
楠	*nuːm
腩
湳
揇	*nuːmʔ
萳
罱
喃	*rnuːm
諵

This character has been explained as a pictogram (象形) of a hanging percussion instrument, originally identical to the left side of 㱿. Under this hypothesis its borrowing for the word “south” is difficult to explain.

Sagart (1988) instead proposes that it is a pictogram of the front of a house. Archaeological evidence confirms that in antiquity, at least in some regions, houses were built to face south.

නිරුක්තිය 1

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-nam (“sky, sun”) (STEDT; Schuessler (2007); Benedict (1972)); the south is traditionally associated with the sun & light, compare 陽 (“light, sun-lit south-side of a hill”).

If so, cognate with ටිබෙට් གནམ (gnam, “sky”), ནམ (nam, “night”), Tshangla ngam (“sun, noon, day, sky”), Chepang न्‍याम् (nyam, “sun, sunlight, storm-cloud, weather”).

Alternatively, Sagart (2004) relates this word to Old Chinese *nɨm (revised to *nˤ[ə]m in 2014) "belly, front of the body", further "south" to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-nam (“rib(s)”), as one term for one body-part often shifts its meaning to another body-part nearby.

If so, 南 is cognate with 妊 (OC *njɯms, “to carry inside one's belly → to be pregnant”), 任 (OC *njɯm, *njɯms, “to carry a burden, especially in front of the body”), also 腩 (“belly (of an ox)”), Southern Pumi nõ⁵⁵, බුරුම နံရိုး (nam-rui:, “side of the body, rib”), and thus is a semantic counterpart to 北 (OC *pɯːɡ, “north”), which is related to 背 (“back of the body”).

උච්චාරණය

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): nán (nan²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄋㄢˊ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): nan²

  (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): нан (nan, I)

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): naam⁴

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): nam³

• Gan (Wiktionary): lan⁴
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): nàm

  (Meixian, Guangdong): nam²

• Jin (Wiktionary): nan¹
• Northern Min (KCR): nâng
• Eastern Min (BUC): nàng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): lâm

  (Teochew, Peng'im): lam⁵ / nam⁵ / nang⁵

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶noe
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): lan²

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: nán
    • Zhuyin: ㄋㄢˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: nán
    • Wade–Giles: nan²
    • Yale: nán
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nan
    • Palladius: нань (nanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nän³⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: nan²
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: lan
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nan²¹/
  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: нан (nan, I)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /næ̃²⁴/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: naam⁴
    • Yale: nàahm
    • Cantonese Pinyin: naam⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: nam⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /naːm²¹/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: nam³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ⁿdam²²/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: lan⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lan³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: nàm
    • Hakka Romanization System: namˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: nam²
    • Sinological IPA: /nam¹¹/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: nam²
    • Sinological IPA: /nam¹¹/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: nan¹
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /næ̃¹¹/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: nâng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /naŋ³³/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: nàng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nˡaŋ⁵³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lâm
    • Tâi-lô: lâm
    • Phofsit Daibuun: laam
    • IPA (Xiamen): /lam²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /lam²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /lam¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /lam²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /lam²³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: lam⁵ / nam⁵ / nang⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: lâm / nâm / nâng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lam⁵⁵/, /nam⁵⁵/, /naŋ⁵⁵/

Note:

• lam5 - Chaozhou, Raoping;
• nam5 - Shantou, Chaoyang, Jieyang;
• nang5 - Chenghai.

• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶noe
    • MiniDict: noe^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³noe
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /nø²³/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: lan²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /l̃an¹³/

---

• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 南
Mandarin	Beijing	/nan³⁵/
	Harbin	/nan²⁴/
	Tianjin	/nan⁴⁵/
	Jinan	/nã⁴²/
	Qingdao	/nã⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/nan⁴²/
	Xi'an	/nã²⁴/
	Xining	/nã²⁴/
	Yinchuan	/nan⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/lɛ̃n⁵³/
	Ürümqi	/nan⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/nan²¹³/
	Chengdu	/nan³¹/
	Guiyang	/nan²¹/
	Kunming	/nã̠³¹/
	Nanjing	/laŋ²⁴/
	Hefei	/læ̃⁵⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/næ̃¹¹/
	Pingyao	/nɑŋ¹³/
	Hohhot	/næ̃³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/nø²³/
	Suzhou	/nø¹³/
	Hangzhou	/nẽ̞²¹³/
	Wenzhou	/nø³¹/
Hui	Shexian	/lɛ⁴⁴/
	Tunxi	/lɔ⁴⁴/
Xiang	Changsha	/lan¹³/
	Xiangtan	/nan¹²/
Gan	Nanchang	/lan⁴⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/nam¹¹/
	Taoyuan	/nɑm¹¹/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/nam²¹/
	Nanning	/nam²¹/
	Hong Kong	/nam²¹/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/lam³⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/naŋ⁵³/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/naŋ³³/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/nam⁵⁵/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/nam³¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: /nʌm/

Rime
Character	南
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	泥 (8)
Final (韻)	覃 (159)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	那含切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/nʌm/
Pan Wuyun	/nəm/
Shao Rongfen	/nɒm/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/nəm/
Li Rong	/nᴀm/
Wang Li	/nɒm/
Bernard Karlgren	/năm/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	nán
Expected Cantonese Reflex	naam4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*nˤ[ə]m/

  (Zhengzhang): /*nuːm/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	南
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	nán
Middle Chinese	‹ nom ›
Old Chinese	/*nˁ[ə]m/
English	south
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	南
Reading #	1/1
No.	9355
Phonetic component	南
Rime group	侵
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	南
Old Chinese	/*nuːm/

Definitions

南

1. south; southern

Coordinate terms

• (compass points) 方位;

西北	北	東北／东北
西		東／东
西南	南	東南／东南

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (南):

• → ජපන්: 南(なん) (nan)
• → ඔකිනවා: 南(なん) (nan)
• → කොරියානු: 남(南) (nam)
• → වියට්නාම: nam (南)

Others:

• → ජපන්: 南(ナン) (nan, “south wind (mahjong tile)”)

නිරුක්තිය 2

උච්චාරණය

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): nā, ná (na¹, na²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄋㄚ, ㄋㄚˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): naa¹
• Southern Min (Teochew, Peng'im): na¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: nā
    • Zhuyin: ㄋㄚ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: na
    • Wade–Giles: na¹
    • Yale: nā
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nha
    • Palladius: на (na)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nä⁵⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: ná
    • Zhuyin: ㄋㄚˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: ná
    • Wade–Giles: na²
    • Yale: ná
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: na
    • Palladius: на (na)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nä³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: naa¹
    • Yale: nā
    • Cantonese Pinyin: naa¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: na¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /naː⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: na¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: na
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /na³³/

Definitions

南

1. Only used in 南無／南无.

මූලාශ්‍ර

• “南”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function චීන අනුලක්ෂණ දත්ත සමුදාය)‎^[1], 香港中文大學／香港中文大学 (හොංකොං චීන විශ්වවිද්‍යාලය), 2014–

ජපන්

කන්ජි

南

(Second grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: なん (nan, Jōyō)^{←なん (nan, historical)←なむ (namu, ancient)}
• Kan-on: だん (dan)^{←だん (dan, historical)←だむ (damu, ancient)}
• Kan’yō-on: な (na, Jōyō ^†)
• Kun: みなみ (minami, 南, Jōyō)
• Nanori: あけ (ake); なみ (nami); は (ha); みな (mina); みまみ (mimami); よし (yoshi)

Compounds

Compounds

• 南無(なむ) (namu), 南無(なも) (namo)
• 南瓜(カボチャ) (kabocha)
• 南風(はえ) (hae)
• 南(みな)方(かた) (Minakata)

නිරුක්තිය 1

මෙම යෙදුම තුළ කන්ජි
南
みなみ Grade: 2
kun'yomi

⟨mi₁nami₁⟩ → */mʲinamʲɨ/ → /minami/

From Old Japanese.

උච්චාරණය

• (Tokyo) みなみ [mìnámí] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [mʲina̠mʲi]

(Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this pronunciation?)

• (Kyoto) み​なみ [míꜜnàmì] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [mʲina̠mʲi]

• (Kagoshima) みな​み [mìnáꜜmì] (Nakadaka – [2])
• IPA^(key): [mʲi̥na̠mʲi̥]

නාම පදය

南(みなみ) (minami) 

1. the south (cardinal point)
   • c. 762, Shōsōin Man'yōgana Monjo

     和可夜之奈比乃可波利爾波(わがやしなひのかはりには)、於保末之末須(おほまします)、美奈美(みなみ)乃末知奈流(のまちなる)奴(やつこ)乎宇氣與止(をうけよと)... [Man'yōgana]

     我(わ)が養(やしな)ひの代(かは)りには、おほ坐(ま)します、南(みなみ)の街(まち)なる奴(やつこ)を受(う)けよと... [Modern spelling]

     waga yashinai no kawari ni wa, ōmashimasu, minami no machi naru yatsuko o ukeyo to...

     (please add an English translation of this example)

   Antonym: 北 (kita)

2. a southerly, south wind

   Synonym: 南風 (minamikaze, hae)

   Antonym: 北 (kita)

Coordinate terms

• (compass points) 方角(ほうがく) (hōgaku);

西(せい)北(ほく) (seihoku) 北(ほく)西(せい) (hokusei)	北(きた) (kita)	東(とう)北(ほく) (tōhoku) 北(ほく)東(とう) (hokutō)
西(にし) (nishi)		東(ひがし) (higashi)
西(せい)南(なん) (seinan) 南(なん)西(せい) (nansei)	南(みなみ) (minami)	東(とう)南(なん) (tōnan) 南(なん)東(とう) (nantō)

ව්‍යුත්පන්න යෙදුම්

Derived terms

• 南(みなみ)風(かぜ) (minamikaze)
• 南(みなみ)側(がわ) (minamigawa)
• 南(みなみ)殿(どの) (minamidono)
• 南(ミナミ)鮪(マグロ) (minami maguro)
• 東(ひがし)南(みなみ) (higashi-minami)
• 西(にし)南(みなみ) (nishi-minami)
• 真(ま)南(みなみ) (ma-minami)

සංඥා නාම පදය

南(みなみ) or 南(ミナミ) (Minami) 

1. (historical) the red-light district in modern-day Shinagawa Ward, Tokyo (as it was located south of Edo Castle)
2. the name of a ward in various cities throughout Japan, especially a former ward in the city of Osaka which is now part of Chūō Ward
3. ස්ත්‍රී ලිංග පුද්ගල නාමයක්
4. පෙළපත් නාමයක්

ක්‍රියා පදය

南(みなみ)する (minami suru) suru (stem 南(みなみ)し (minami shi), past 南(みなみ)した (minami shita))

1. (archaic) to go south
   • 1789, Seikashū (haikai by Takai Kitō)

     紅楓(もみぢ)深(ふか)し、みなみし西(にし)す、水(みづ)の隅(すみ)

     momiji fukashi, minami shi nishi su, mizu no sumi

     (please add an English translation of this example)

Conjugation

Conjugation of "南する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	南し	みなみし	minami shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	南し	みなみし	minami shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	南する	みなみする	minami suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	南する	みなみする	minami suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	南すれ	みなみすれ	minami sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	南せよ¹ 南しろ²	みなみせよ¹ みなみしろ²	minami seyo¹ minami shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	南される	みなみされる	minami sareru
Causative	南させる 南さす	みなみさせる みなみさす	minami saseru minami sasu
Potential	南できる	みなみできる	minami dekiru
Volitional	南しよう	みなみしよう	minami shiyō
Negative	南しない	みなみしない	minami shinai
Negative continuative	南せず	みなみせず	minami sezu
Formal	南します	みなみします	minami shimasu
Perfective	南した	みなみした	minami shita
Conjunctive	南して	みなみして	minami shite
Hypothetical conditional	南すれば	みなみすれば	minami sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

Classical conjugation of "南す" (サ行変格活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形)	南せ	みなみせ	minamise
Continuative (連用形)	南し	みなみし	minamisi
Terminal (終止形)	南す	みなみす	minamisu
Attributive (連体形)	南する	みなみする	minamisuru
Realis (已然形)	南すれ	みなみすれ	minamisure
Imperative (命令形)	南せよ	みなみせよ	minamiseyo
Key constructions
Negative	南せず	みなみせず	minamisezu
Contrasting conjunction	南すれど	みなみすれど	minamisuredo
Causal conjunction	南すれば	みなみすれば	minamisureba
Conditional conjunction	南せば	みなみせば	minamiseba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge)	南しき	みなみしき	minamisiki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge)	南しけり	みなみしけり	minamisikeri
Perfect tense (conscious action)	南しつ	みなみしつ	minamisitu
Perfect tense (natural event)	南しぬ	みなみしぬ	minamisinu
Perfect-continuative tense	南せり 南したり	みなみせり みなみしたり	minamiseri minamisitari
Volitional	南せむ	みなみせむ	minamisemu

නිරුක්තිය 2

මෙම යෙදුම තුළ කන්ජි
南
みんなみ Grade: 2
irregular

/minami/ → /minːami/

Appears in The Pillow Book, completed in 1002.

Alteration of minami.

උච්චාරණය

• (Tokyo) みんなみ [mìńnámí] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [mʲĩnːa̠mʲi]

නාම පදය

南(みんなみ) (minnami) 

1. (archaic) the south

සංඥා නාම පදය

南(みんなみ) (Minnami) 

1. (historical, archaic) the red-light district in modern-day Shinagawa Ward, Tokyo

නිරුක්තිය 3

මෙම යෙදුම තුළ කන්ජි
南
なん Grade: 2
goon

/namʉ/ → /naɴ/

From Middle Chinese 南 (MC nʌm).

නාම පදය

南(なん) (nan) 

1. the south

   Synonym: 南方 (nanpō)

2. 南鐐 (nanryō)Short for : beautiful silver; a type of silver coin in the Edo period

ව්‍යුත්පන්න යෙදුම්

• 南(なん)南(なん)西(せい) (nan-nansei)
• 南(なん)南(なん)東(とう) (nan-nantō)

Affix

南(なん) (nan) 

1. south, southern
2. Used in Sanskrit transliterations

ව්‍යුත්පන්න යෙදුම්

Derived terms

• 南(なん)下(か) (nanka)
• 南(なん)柯(か) (nanka)
• 南(なん)極(きょく) (nankyoku)
• 南(なん)国(こく) (nankoku), 南(なん)国(ごく) (nangoku)
• 南(なん)端(たん) (nantan)
• 南(なん)挺(てい) (nantei), 南(なん)廷(てい) (nantei), 南(なん)庭(てい) (nantei)
• 南(なん)殿(でん) (nanden), 南(な)殿(でん) (naden)
• 南蛮(なんばん) (nanban)
• 南(なん)部(ぶ) (nanbu)
• 南(なん)風(ぷう) (nanpū)
• 南(なん)方(ぽう) (nanpō)
• 南(なん)北(ぼく) (nanboku)
• 南(なん)洋(よう) (nan'yō)
• 南(なん)鐐(りょう) (nanryō)
• 以(い)南(なん) (inan)
• 江(こう)南(なん) (kōnan)
• 指(し)南(なん) (shinan)
• 周(しゅう)南(なん) (Shūnan)
• 西(せい)南(なん) (seinan)
• 東(とう)南(なん) (tōnan)
• 洛(らく)南(なん) (rakunan)

සංඥා නාම පදය

南(なん) (Nan) 

1. ස්ත්‍රී ලිංග පුද්ගල නාමයක්
2. පෙළපත් නාමයක්

නිරුක්තිය 4

මෙම යෙදුම තුළ කන්ජි
南
なん Grade: 2
irregular

From මැන්ඩරීන් 南 (nán).

නාම පදය

南(ナン) (nan) 

1. (mahjong) south wind (mahjong tile)

   Hypernym: 風牌 (kazehai, fanpai)

2. (mahjong) a 役 (yaku, “winning hand”) with a triplet or quad of south wind tiles; depending on wind round and player's seat wind, it is worth either 1 or 2 翻 (han, “doubles”)

   Hypernym: 役牌 (yakuhai, yaku-pai)

Coordinate terms

• 風(かぜ)牌(ハイ) (kazehai, “wind tiles”): 東(トン) (ton, “east wind”), 南(ナン) (nan, “south wind”), 西(シャー) (shā, “west wind”), 北(ペー) (pē, “north wind”)

නිරුක්තිය 5

මෙම යෙදුම තුළ කන්ජි
南
みなん Grade: 2
irregular

Shift from standard ජපන් minami, dropping the final vowel and keeping the nasal.

• /minami/ → /minaɴ/

උච්චාරණය

• IPA^(key): [mʲinã̠ɴ]

නාම පදය

南(みなん) (minan) 

1. (dialect, Kagoshima) south (cardinal point)

කොරියානු

නිරුක්තිය 1

From Middle Chinese 南 (MC nʌm).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448	남 (Yale: nàm)
Middle Korean
Text	Eumhun
	Gloss (hun)	Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[2]	앏 (Yale: àlp)	남 (Yale: nàm)
Sinjeung Yuhap, 1576	남녁 (Yale: namnyek) 앏 (Yale: alp)	남 (Yale: nam)

උච්චාරණය

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [na̠m]
• Phonetic hangul: [남]

Hanja

Wikisource

南 (eumhun 남녘 남 (namnyeok nam))

1. Hanja form^? of 남 (“south; southern”).

Compounds

Compounds

• 강남 (江南, Gangnam)
• 남극 (南極, namgeuk)
• 남반구 (南半球, Namban'gu)
• 남부 (南部, nambu)
• 남한 (南韓, Namhan)
• 월남 (越南, Wollam)
• 통미봉남 (通美封南, tongmibongnam)

නිරුක්තිය 2

උච්චාරණය

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [na̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [나]

Hanja

南 (eumhun 나무 나 (namu na))

1. Hanja form^? of 나 (“Only used in 나무 (南無, namu)”).

මූලාශ්‍ර

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [3]

ඔකිනවා

වෙනත් ආකාර

මෙම යෙදුම තුළ කන්ජි
南
ふぇー Grade: 2
kun'yomi

• 南風

කන්ජි

南

(Second grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

• On (unclassified): なん (nan, Jōyō)
• Kun: ふぇー (fē, 南)

Compounds

• 南(なん)瓜(くゎー) (nankwā)
• 南蛮(なんばん) (nanban)

නිරුක්තිය

Cognate to Yonaguni 南 (hai, “south, southerly”) and western ජපන් 南風 (hae, “southerly winds”).

උච්චාරණය

• (Shuri-Naha) ふぇー [fèé] (Heiban - [0])
• IPA^(key): [ɸeː]

නාම පදය

南(ふぇー) (fē) 

1. the south (cardinal point)
2. a southerly (wind blowing from the south)

ව්‍යුත්පන්න යෙදුම්

• 南(ふぇー)風(かじ) (fēkaji)

මූලාශ්‍ර

• “ふぇー【南・南風】” in JLect - Japonic භාෂා සහ Dialects දත්ත සමුදාය ශබ්දකෝෂය, 2019.

Old Japanese

නාම පදය

南 (mi₁nami₁) (kana みなみ)

1. the south (cardinal point)
2. a southerly (wind blowing from the south)
   • c. 759, Man'yōshū, (book 18, poem 4106):
     , text here

     ...南吹雪消益而射水河流水沫能余留弊奈美...

     ...mi₁nami₁ puki₁ yuki₁ke₂ *masarite Imi₁du-gapa nagaru mi₁nawa no₂ yo₂ru pe₁ nami₁...

     (මෙම usage example සඳහා වන සිංහල පරිවර්තනය එක් කිරීමට කාරුණික වන්න)

භාවිත සටහන්

Also used in the Man'yōshū (759 CE) as 借音 (shakuon) kana for ⟨na⟩ and 借訓 (shakkun) kana for ⟨namu⟩.

Descendants

• ජපන්: 南 (minami)

Tày

නාම පදය

南 (nam)

1. Nôm form of nam (“south”).

මූලාශ්‍ර

• Lục Văn Pảo; Hoàng Tuấn Nam (2003), Hoàng Triều Ân, editor, Từ điển chữ Nôm Tày [A Dictionary of (chữ) Nôm Tày]‎^[4] (in වියට්නාම), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Khoa học Xã hội

වියට්නාම

හන් අනුලක්ෂණය

南: Hán Nôm readings: nam

නාම විශේෂණ පදය

南 (nam)

1. south, southern

මූලාශ්‍ර

• Lê Sơn Thanh, "Nom-Viet.dat", WinVNKey (details)

Yonaguni

කන්ජි

南

Readings

• Kun: はい (hai, 南)

නිරුක්තිය

Cognate to ඔකිනවා 南 (fē, “south, southerly”) and western ජපන් 南風 (hae, “southerly winds”).

උච්චාරණය

• IPA^(key): [hai]

නාම පදය

南 (hiragana はい, romaji hai)

1. the south (cardinal point)
2. a southerly (wind blowing from the south)

මූලාශ්‍ර

• “はい【南・南風】” in JLect - Japonic භාෂා සහ Dialects දත්ත සමුදාය ශබ්දකෝෂය, 2019.

Zhuang

නාම පදය

南

1. namzSawndip form of