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Link to original content: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39322456
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. 2024 Nov 15;69(21):3425-3433.
doi: 10.1016/j.scib.2024.09.016. Epub 2024 Sep 19.

Evolution and legacy of East Asian aurochs

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Evolution and legacy of East Asian aurochs

Jiawen Hou et al. Sci Bull (Beijing). .
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Abstract

Aurochs (Bos primigenius), once widely distributed in Afro-Eurasia, became extinct in the early 1600 s. However, their phylogeography and relative contributions to domestic cattle remain unknown. In this study, we analyzed 16 genomes of ancient aurochs and three mitogenomes of ancient bison (Bison priscus) excavated in East Asia, dating from 43,000 to 3,590 years ago. These newly generated data with previously published genomic information on aurochs as well as ancient/extant domestic cattle worldwide through genome analysis. Our findings revealed significant genetic divergence between East Asian aurochs and their European, Near Eastern, and African counterparts on the basis of both mitochondrial and nuclear genomic data. Furthermore, we identified evidence of gene flow from East Asian aurochs into ancient and present-day taurine cattle, suggesting their potential role in facilitating the environmental adaptation of domestic cattle.

Keywords: Adaptive introgression; Ancient DNA; Cattle domestication; East Asian aurochs.

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