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Link to original content: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34204683
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Review
. 2021 Jun 12;13(6):2028.
doi: 10.3390/nu13062028.

Impact of Mediterranean Diet on Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases and Longevity

Ligia J Dominguez  1 , Giovanna Di Bella  1 , Nicola Veronese  1 , Mario Barbagallo  1
Affiliations
Review

Impact of Mediterranean Diet on Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases and Longevity

Ligia J Dominguez et al. Nutrients. .

Abstract

The average life expectancy of the world population has increased remarkably in the past 150 years and it is still increasing. A long life is a dream of humans since the beginning of time but also a dream is to live it in good physical and mental condition. Nutrition research has focused on recent decades more on food combination patterns than on individual foods/nutrients due to the possible synergistic/antagonistic effects of the components in a dietary model. Various dietary patterns have been associated with health benefits, but the largest body of evidence in the literature is attributable to the traditional dietary habits and lifestyle followed by populations from the Mediterranean region. After the Seven Countries Study, many prospective observational studies and trials in diverse populations reinforced the beneficial effects associated with a higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet in reference to the prevention/management of age-associated non-communicable diseases, such as cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, depression, respiratory diseases, and fragility fractures. In addition, the Mediterranean diet is ecologically sustainable. Therefore, this immaterial world heritage constitutes a healthy way of eating and living respecting the environment.

Keywords: Mediterranean diet; aging; cancer; cardiovascular; chronic; dementia; diet; lifestyle; longevity; mortality.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Photographs of archaeological vestiges illustrating the persistence of MedDiet for centuries since ancient times. Clockwise from top left corner, still life with glass fruit bowl and vases, House of Julia Felix, Pompeii, Italy; whole dried figs (Ficus carica L.) charred, from Pompeii, National Archaeological Museum of Naples, Italy; traditional olive oil jars, “Luigi Bernabò Brea” Aeolian Regional Archaeological Museum, island of Lipari in Sicily, Italy; traditional olive oil press, Crete, Greece.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The MedDiet and the Western diet exert opposite effects on the composition of gut microbiota with consequent modifications in SCFA production.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Nutritional and lifestyle components of the MedDiet, which has been associated with improved longevity and reduced incident age-related chronic NCDs.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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