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Link to original content: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33709746
GW190521 as a Merger of Proca Stars: A Potential New Vector Boson of 8.7×10^{-13} eV - PubMed Skip to main page content
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. 2021 Feb 26;126(8):081101.
doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.081101.

GW190521 as a Merger of Proca Stars: A Potential New Vector Boson of 8.7×10^{-13} eV

Juan Calderón Bustillo  1   2   3   4 , Nicolas Sanchis-Gual  5   6 , Alejandro Torres-Forné  7   8   9 , José A Font  8   9 , Avi Vajpeyi  3   4 , Rory Smith  3   4 , Carlos Herdeiro  6 , Eugen Radu  6 , Samson H W Leong  2
Affiliations

GW190521 as a Merger of Proca Stars: A Potential New Vector Boson of 8.7×10^{-13} eV

Juan Calderón Bustillo et al. Phys Rev Lett. .

Abstract

Advanced LIGO-Virgo have reported a short gravitational-wave signal (GW190521) interpreted as a quasicircular merger of black holes, one at least populating the pair-instability supernova gap, that formed a remnant black hole of M_{f}∼142 M_{⊙} at a luminosity distance of d_{L}∼5.3 Gpc. With barely visible pre-merger emission, however, GW190521 merits further investigation of the pre-merger dynamics and even of the very nature of the colliding objects. We show that GW190521 is consistent with numerically simulated signals from head-on collisions of two (equal mass and spin) horizonless vector boson stars (aka Proca stars), forming a final black hole with M_{f}=231_{-17}^{+13} M_{⊙}, located at a distance of d_{L}=571_{-181}^{+348} Mpc. This provides the first demonstration of close degeneracy between these two theoretical models, for a real gravitational-wave event. The favored mass for the ultralight vector boson constituent of the Proca stars is μ_{V}=8.72_{-0.82}^{+0.73}×10^{-13} eV. Confirmation of the Proca star interpretation, which we find statistically slightly preferred, would provide the first evidence for a long sought dark matter particle.

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