The evolution of a tropical biodiversity hotspot

doi:10.1126/science.aaz6970

. 2020 Dec 11;370(6522):1343-1348.

doi: 10.1126/science.aaz6970.

The evolution of a tropical biodiversity hotspot

Michael G Harvey^{1

2

3}, Gustavo A Bravo^{4

5

6}, Santiago Claramunt^{7

8

9}, Andrés M Cuervo^{10

11}, Graham E Derryberry^{3

12}, Jaqueline Battilana⁶, Glenn F Seeholzer^{9

12}, Jessica Shearer McKay⁹, Brian C O'Meara³, Brant C Faircloth^{12

13}, Scott V Edwards^{14

5}, Jorge Pérez-Emán^{15

16}, Robert G Moyle¹⁷, Frederick H Sheldon^{12

13}, Alexandre Aleixo^{18

19}, Brian Tilston Smith⁹, R Terry Chesser^{20

21}, Luís Fábio Silveira⁶, Joel Cracraft⁹, Robb T Brumfield^#^{12

13}, Elizabeth P Derryberry^#^{3

11}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA. mgh272@gmail.com.
² Biodiversity Collections, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA.
³ Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
⁴ Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. mgh272@gmail.com.
⁵ Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
⁶ Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, 04263-000 Ipiranga, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
⁷ Department of Natural History, Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, Ontario M5S2C6, Canada.
⁸ Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S3B2, Canada.
⁹ Department of Ornithology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024, USA.
¹⁰ Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá 111321, Colombia.
¹¹ Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Tulane University, LA 70118, USA.
¹² Museum of Natural Science, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
¹³ Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
¹⁴ Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
¹⁵ Instituto de Zoología y Ecología Tropical, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela.
¹⁶ Colección Ornitológica Phelps, Caracas, Venezuela.
¹⁷ Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA.
¹⁸ Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland.
¹⁹ Department of Zoology, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, CP 399, 66040-170 Belém, PA, Brazil.
²⁰ US Geological Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Laurel, MD 20708, USA.
²¹ National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560, USA.

^# Contributed equally.

PMID: 33303617
DOI: 10.1126/science.aaz6970

The evolution of a tropical biodiversity hotspot

Michael G Harvey et al. Science. 2020.

. 2020 Dec 11;370(6522):1343-1348.

doi: 10.1126/science.aaz6970.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA. mgh272@gmail.com.
² Biodiversity Collections, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA.
³ Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
⁴ Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. mgh272@gmail.com.
⁵ Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
⁶ Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, 04263-000 Ipiranga, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
⁷ Department of Natural History, Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, Ontario M5S2C6, Canada.
⁸ Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S3B2, Canada.
⁹ Department of Ornithology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024, USA.
¹⁰ Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá 111321, Colombia.
¹¹ Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Tulane University, LA 70118, USA.
¹² Museum of Natural Science, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
¹³ Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
¹⁴ Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
¹⁵ Instituto de Zoología y Ecología Tropical, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela.
¹⁶ Colección Ornitológica Phelps, Caracas, Venezuela.
¹⁷ Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA.
¹⁸ Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland.
¹⁹ Department of Zoology, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, CP 399, 66040-170 Belém, PA, Brazil.
²⁰ US Geological Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Laurel, MD 20708, USA.
²¹ National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560, USA.

^# Contributed equally.

PMID: 33303617
DOI: 10.1126/science.aaz6970

Abstract

The tropics are the source of most biodiversity yet inadequate sampling obscures answers to fundamental questions about how this diversity evolves. We leveraged samples assembled over decades of fieldwork to study diversification of the largest tropical bird radiation, the suboscine passerines. Our phylogeny, estimated using data from 2389 genomic regions in 1940 individuals of 1283 species, reveals that peak suboscine species diversity in the Neotropics is not associated with high recent speciation rates but rather with the gradual accumulation of species over time. Paradoxically, the highest speciation rates are in lineages from regions with low species diversity, which are generally cold, dry, unstable environments. Our results reveal a model in which species are forming faster in environmental extremes but have accumulated in moderate environments to form tropical biodiversity hotspots.

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Comment in

Diversity hotspots: Coldspots of speciation?
Morlon H. Morlon H. Science. 2020 Dec 11;370(6522):1268-1269. doi: 10.1126/science.abf0830. Science. 2020. PMID: 33303602 No abstract available.

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The evolution of a tropical biodiversity hotspot

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The evolution of a tropical biodiversity hotspot

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