iBet uBet web content aggregator. Adding the entire web to your favor.
iBet uBet web content aggregator. Adding the entire web to your favor.



Link to original content: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31912974
Chemical Causes of Metal Nobleness - PubMed Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2020 Mar 4;21(5):360-369.
doi: 10.1002/cphc.202000013. Epub 2020 Jan 22.

Chemical Causes of Metal Nobleness

Kasper P Kepp  1
Affiliations
Review

Chemical Causes of Metal Nobleness

Kasper P Kepp. Chemphyschem. .

Abstract

Humans have appreciated the "noble" metals for millennia, yet modern chemistry still struggles with different definitions. Herein, metal nobleness is analyzed using thermochemical cycles including the different bulk, gas, and solution states implied by these definitions. The analysis suggests that metal nobleness mainly reflects inability to fulfil the electron demands of electronegative oxygen. Accordingly, gold is the most noble metal in existence, not because of d-band properties of the solid state, but because gold's electronegativity is closest to that of oxygen, producing weaker polar covalent bonding. The high electronegativity arises from the effective nuclear charge due to diffuse d-states, enforced by relativistic effects. This explanation accounts for the activity series, corrosion tendency, and trends in oxygen chemisorption, which other models do not. While gold is the most noble metal, the ranking of Ag, Pt, and Pd depends on the thermochemistry as discussed in detail.

Keywords: catalysis; chemical reactivity; gold; noble metals; platinum.

PubMed Disclaimer

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

References

    1. R. J. Puddephatt, The Chemistry of Gold, Elsevier Science Ltd, Amsterdam, 1978.
    1. G. J. Hutchings, M. Brust, H. Schmidbaur, Chem. Soc. Rev. 2008, 37, 1759-1765.
    1. H. Schmidbaur, Gold Bull. 1990, 23, 11-21.
    1. H. Schmidbaur, Gold-Progress in Chemistry, Biochemistry and Technology, John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, 1999.
    1. G. Le Lay, Surf. Sci. 1983, 132, 169-204.

LinkOut - more resources