A Global Deal For Nature: Guiding principles, milestones, and targets

doi:10.1126/sciadv.aaw2869

Review

. 2019 Apr 19;5(4):eaaw2869.

doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aaw2869. eCollection 2019 Apr.

A Global Deal For Nature: Guiding principles, milestones, and targets

E Dinerstein¹, C Vynne¹, E Sala², A R Joshi³, S Fernando¹, T E Lovejoy⁴, J Mayorga^{2

5}, D Olson⁶, G P Asner⁷, J E M Baillie², N D Burgess⁸, K Burkart⁹, R F Noss¹⁰, Y P Zhang¹¹, A Baccini¹², T Birch¹³, N Hahn^{1

14}, L N Joppa¹⁵, E Wikramanayake¹⁶

Affiliations

¹ RESOLVE, Washington, DC, USA.
² National Geographic Society, Washington, DC, USA.
³ University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
⁴ George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA.
⁵ University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA.
⁶ Zoological Society of London, London, UK.
⁷ Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
⁸ UN Environment World Conservation Monitoring Centre, Cambridge, UK.
⁹ Leonardo DiCaprio Foundation, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
¹⁰ Florida Institute for Conservation Science, Chuluota, FL, USA.
¹¹ State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China.
¹² Woods Hole Research Center, Woods Hole, MA, USA.
¹³ Google, Mountain View, CA, USA.
¹⁴ Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
¹⁵ Microsoft, Redmond, WA, USA.
¹⁶ Environmental Foundation Ltd., Colombo, Sri Lanka.

PMID: 31016243
PMCID: PMC6474764
DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaw2869

Review

A Global Deal For Nature: Guiding principles, milestones, and targets

E Dinerstein et al. Sci Adv. 2019.

. 2019 Apr 19;5(4):eaaw2869.

doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aaw2869. eCollection 2019 Apr.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ RESOLVE, Washington, DC, USA.
² National Geographic Society, Washington, DC, USA.
³ University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
⁴ George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA.
⁵ University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA.
⁶ Zoological Society of London, London, UK.
⁷ Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
⁸ UN Environment World Conservation Monitoring Centre, Cambridge, UK.
⁹ Leonardo DiCaprio Foundation, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
¹⁰ Florida Institute for Conservation Science, Chuluota, FL, USA.
¹¹ State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China.
¹² Woods Hole Research Center, Woods Hole, MA, USA.
¹³ Google, Mountain View, CA, USA.
¹⁴ Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
¹⁵ Microsoft, Redmond, WA, USA.
¹⁶ Environmental Foundation Ltd., Colombo, Sri Lanka.

PMID: 31016243
PMCID: PMC6474764
DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaw2869

Abstract

The Global Deal for Nature (GDN) is a time-bound, science-driven plan to save the diversity and abundance of life on Earth. Pairing the GDN and the Paris Climate Agreement would avoid catastrophic climate change, conserve species, and secure essential ecosystem services. New findings give urgency to this union: Less than half of the terrestrial realm is intact, yet conserving all native ecosystems-coupled with energy transition measures-will be required to remain below a 1.5°C rise in average global temperature. The GDN targets 30% of Earth to be formally protected and an additional 20% designated as climate stabilization areas, by 2030, to stay below 1.5°C. We highlight the 67% of terrestrial ecoregions that can meet 30% protection, thereby reducing extinction threats and carbon emissions from natural reservoirs. Freshwater and marine targets included here extend the GDN to all realms and provide a pathway to ensuring a more livable biosphere.

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Figures

**Fig. 1. The world’s 846 terrestrial ecoregions and depiction of 30% protection by the 2030 milestone.**
(A) The 846 terrestrial ecoregions. (B) Levels of protection by 2030.

**Fig. 2. Increasing representation of important terrestrial, freshwater, and marine biodiversity sites for global 2030 targets.**
(A) Terrestrial and freshwater biodiversity sites. (B) Marine biodiversity sites. RR, IUCN Sites of Range Rarity; TS, Threatened Species Sites.

**Fig. 3. Coastal ecoregions, pelagic provinces, and marine protected areas of the world oceans.**
(A) Coastal ecoregions and pelagic provinces. (B) Map of marine protected areas.

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References

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[1] Rockström J., Steffen W., Noone K., Persson Å., Chapin F. S. III, Lambin E. F., Lenton T. M., Scheffer M., Folke C., Schellnhuber H. J., Nykvist B., de Wit C. A., Hughes T., van der Leeuw S., Rodhe H., Sörlin S., Snyder P. K., Costanza R., Svedin U., Falkenmark M., Karlberg L., Corell R. W., Fabry V. J., Hansen J., Walker B., Liverman D., Richardson K., Crutzen P., Foley J. A., A safe operating space for humanity. Nature 461, 472–475 (2009). - PubMed

[2] Rockström J., Steffen W., Noone K., Persson Å., Chapin F. S. III, Lambin E. F., Lenton T. M., Scheffer M., Folke C., Schellnhuber H. J., Nykvist B., de Wit C. A., Hughes T., van der Leeuw S., Rodhe H., Sörlin S., Snyder P. K., Costanza R., Svedin U., Falkenmark M., Karlberg L., Corell R. W., Fabry V. J., Hansen J., Walker B., Liverman D., Richardson K., Crutzen P., Foley J. A., A safe operating space for humanity. Nature 461, 472–475 (2009). - PubMed

[3] S. Teske, Achieving the Paris Climate Agreement (Springer, 2019).

[4] S. Teske, Achieving the Paris Climate Agreement (Springer, 2019).

[5] Tallis H. M., Hawthorne P. L., Polasky S., Reid J., Beck M. W., Brauman K., Bielicki J. M., Binder S., Burgess M. G., Cassidy E., Clark A., Fargione J., Game E. T., Gerber J., Isbell F., Kiesecker J., McDonald R., Metian M., Molnar J. L., Mueller J. L., O’Connell C., Ovando D., Troell M., Boucher T. M., McPeek B., An attainable global vision for conservation and human well-being. Front. Ecol. Environ. 16, 563–570 (2018).

[6] Tallis H. M., Hawthorne P. L., Polasky S., Reid J., Beck M. W., Brauman K., Bielicki J. M., Binder S., Burgess M. G., Cassidy E., Clark A., Fargione J., Game E. T., Gerber J., Isbell F., Kiesecker J., McDonald R., Metian M., Molnar J. L., Mueller J. L., O’Connell C., Ovando D., Troell M., Boucher T. M., McPeek B., An attainable global vision for conservation and human well-being. Front. Ecol. Environ. 16, 563–570 (2018).

[7] Griscom B. W., Adams J., Ellis P. W., Houghton R. A., Lomax G., Miteva D. A., Schlesinger W. H., Shoch D., Siikamäki J. V., Smith P., Woodbury P., Zganjar C., Blackman A., Campari J., Conant R. T., Delgado C., Elias P., Gopalakrishna T., Hamsik M. R., Herrero M., Kiesecker J., Landis E., Laestadius L., Leavitt S. M., Minnemeyer S., Polasky S., Potapov P., Putz F. E., Sanderman J., Silvius M., Wollenberg E., Fargione J., Natural climate solutions. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 114, 11645–11650 (2017). - PMC - PubMed

[8] Griscom B. W., Adams J., Ellis P. W., Houghton R. A., Lomax G., Miteva D. A., Schlesinger W. H., Shoch D., Siikamäki J. V., Smith P., Woodbury P., Zganjar C., Blackman A., Campari J., Conant R. T., Delgado C., Elias P., Gopalakrishna T., Hamsik M. R., Herrero M., Kiesecker J., Landis E., Laestadius L., Leavitt S. M., Minnemeyer S., Polasky S., Potapov P., Putz F. E., Sanderman J., Silvius M., Wollenberg E., Fargione J., Natural climate solutions. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 114, 11645–11650 (2017). - PMC - PubMed

[9] Martin T. G., Watson J. E. M., Intact ecosystems provide best defence against climate change. Nat. Clim. Chang. 6, 122–124 (2016).

[10] Martin T. G., Watson J. E. M., Intact ecosystems provide best defence against climate change. Nat. Clim. Chang. 6, 122–124 (2016).

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A Global Deal For Nature: Guiding principles, milestones, and targets

Affiliations

A Global Deal For Nature: Guiding principles, milestones, and targets

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Abstract

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Abstract

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