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Link to original content: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30911302/
Factors Associated with Multibacillary Leprosy in a Priority Region for Disease Control in Northeastern Brazil: A Retrospective Observational Study - PubMed Skip to main page content
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. 2019 Feb 18:2019:5738924.
doi: 10.1155/2019/5738924. eCollection 2019.

Factors Associated with Multibacillary Leprosy in a Priority Region for Disease Control in Northeastern Brazil: A Retrospective Observational Study

Maria Aparecida Alves de Oliveira Serra  1   2 , Crislane da Silva Santos  1 , Pedro Martins Lima Neto  1 , Karyne Gleyce Zemf Oliveira  1 , Francisca Jacinta Feitoza de Oliveira  1 , Ariadne Siqueira de Araujo Gordon  1 , Daniella Pontes Matos  1 , Raina Jansen Cutrim Propp Lima  3 , Janaina Miranda Bezerra  1 , Ismália Cassandra Costa Maia Dias  1   2 , Floriacy Stabnow Santos  1   2 , Ana Cristina Pereira de Jesus Costa  1   2 , Marcelino Santos Neto  1   2 , Antônio Rafael da Silva  1 , Márcio Flávio Moura de Araújo  4
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Factors Associated with Multibacillary Leprosy in a Priority Region for Disease Control in Northeastern Brazil: A Retrospective Observational Study

Maria Aparecida Alves de Oliveira Serra et al. J Trop Med. .

Abstract

Background: Leprosy is an infectious disease that can lead to physical disabilities and stigmatization. It remains an important public health problem, especially in Brazil.

Objective: To analyse sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with multibacillary leprosy in a hyperendemic region of the disease in northeastern Brazil.

Method: This is a retrospective observational study with secondary data acquired from 2012 to 2015, from a group of leprosy cases reported in a reference outpatient clinic for the treatment and followup of leprosy in the city of Imperatriz, Maranhao, in northeastern Brazil.

Results: From 905 new cases of leprosy studied, 656 (72.5%) were classified as multibacillary leprosy and 249 (27.5%) as paucibacillary leprosy. We observed that men were more likely to present 5 to 15 skin lesions (OR: 1.32; 95% CI: 1.18-1.49; p <0.0001) and >15 skin lesions (OR: 1.26; 95% CI: 1.09 -1.45; p = 0.005) and a lower chance of having <5 skin lesions (OR: 0.67; 95% CI: 0.59-0.76; p <0.0001). Women were more likely to have no affected nerves compared to men (OR: 1.46; 95% CI: 1.20-1.77; p <0.0001). The age range of 16 to 60 years showed a greater chance of having <5 skin lesions (OR: 1.01; 95% CI: 1.007-1.20; p = 0.03) and a lower chance of having 5 to 15 skin lesions (OR: 1.12, 95% CI: 1.03-1.23; p= 0.008) and a lower chance of being a grade I disability ( CI= 0.73-0.94; p=0.83) and II (OR: 0.82; 95% CI: 0.77-0.98; p=000.1).

Conclusion: Cases of multibacillary leprosy were associated with male gender, low educational level, and clinical variables such as number of skin lesions and grade I or II disability.

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