From 2000years of Ganoderma lucidum to recent developments in nutraceuticals
- PMID: 25794896
- DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2015.02.015
From 2000years of Ganoderma lucidum to recent developments in nutraceuticals
Abstract
Medicinal mushrooms have been used for centuries as nutraceuticals to improve health and to treat numerous chronic and infectious diseases. One such mushroom is Ganoderma lucidum, commonly known as Lingzhi, a species revered as a medicinal mushroom for treating assorted diseases and prolonging life. The fungus is found in diverse locations, and this may have contributed to confusion regarding the correct taxonomic classification of the genus Ganoderma. G. lucidum was first used to name a specimen found in England and thereafter was naively applied to a different Ganoderma species found in Asia, commonly known as Chinese Lingzhi. Despite the taxonomic confusion, which has largely been uncorrected, the popularity of Lingzhi has escalated across the globe. The current taxonomic situation is now discussed accurately in this Special Issue on Ganoderma. Today it is a multi-billion dollar industry wherein Lingzhi is cultivated or collected from the wild and consumed as a tea, in alcoholic beverages, and as a nutraceutical to confer numerous health benefits. Consumption of nutraceuticals has grown in popularity, and it is becoming increasingly important that active ingredients be identified and that suppliers make substantiated health claims about their products. The objective of this article is to present a review of G. lucidum over the past 2000 years from prized ancient "herbal" remedy to its use in nutraceuticals and to the establishment of a 2.5 billion $ (US) industry.
Keywords: Ganoderma lucidum; Ganodermataceae; Health benefits; History; Lingzhi; Medicinal mushrooms; Nutraceuticals; Taxonomy.
Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Similar articles
-
Distinguishing commercially grown Ganoderma lucidum from Ganoderma lingzhi from Europe and East Asia on the basis of morphology, molecular phylogeny, and triterpenic acid profiles.Phytochemistry. 2016 Jul;127:29-37. doi: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2016.03.012. Epub 2016 Apr 1. Phytochemistry. 2016. PMID: 27044336
-
Accessing biological actions of Ganoderma secondary metabolites by in silico profiling.Phytochemistry. 2015 Jun;114:114-24. doi: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2014.10.010. Epub 2014 Nov 6. Phytochemistry. 2015. PMID: 25457486 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Comparative Analysis of Triterpene Composition between Ganoderma lingzhi from China and G. lucidum from Slovakia under Different Growing Conditions.Int J Med Mushrooms. 2020;22(8):793-802. doi: 10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.2020035662. Int J Med Mushrooms. 2020. PMID: 33389873
-
Suppression of proliferation and oxidative stress by extracts of Ganoderma lucidum in the ovarian cancer cell line OVCAR-3.Int J Mol Med. 2011 Dec;28(6):1065-9. doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2011.788. Epub 2011 Sep 1. Int J Mol Med. 2011. PMID: 21887458
-
Probing Lingzhi or Reishi medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lucidum (higher Basidiomycetes): a bitter mushroom with amazing health benefits.Int J Med Mushrooms. 2013;15(2):127-43. doi: 10.1615/intjmedmushr.v15.i2.20. Int J Med Mushrooms. 2013. PMID: 23557365 Review.
Cited by
-
A toxicological assessment of Ganoderma lucidum and Cordyceps militaris mushroom powders.Front Toxicol. 2024 Oct 30;6:1469348. doi: 10.3389/ftox.2024.1469348. eCollection 2024. Front Toxicol. 2024. PMID: 39539985 Free PMC article.
-
Optimization of ultrasonic-assisted debittering of Ganoderma lucidum using response surface methodology, characterization, and evaluation of antioxidant activity.PeerJ. 2024 Oct 14;12:e17943. doi: 10.7717/peerj.17943. eCollection 2024. PeerJ. 2024. PMID: 39421421 Free PMC article.
-
Protective effects of Ganoderma lucidum spores on estradiol benzoate-induced TEC apoptosis and compromised double-positive thymocyte development.Front Pharmacol. 2024 Aug 16;15:1419881. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1419881. eCollection 2024. Front Pharmacol. 2024. PMID: 39221140 Free PMC article.
-
The Anti-Inflammatory Effects and Mechanism of the Submerged Culture of Ophiocordyceps sinensis and Its Possible Active Compounds.J Fungi (Basel). 2024 Jul 27;10(8):523. doi: 10.3390/jof10080523. J Fungi (Basel). 2024. PMID: 39194849 Free PMC article.
-
Breeding a new Ganoderma lucidum strain with increased contents of individual ganoderic acids by mono-mono crossing of genetically modified monokaryons.Front Microbiol. 2024 May 30;15:1410368. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1410368. eCollection 2024. Front Microbiol. 2024. PMID: 38873146 Free PMC article.
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Miscellaneous