Androgen actions on the human hair follicle: perspectives
- PMID: 23016593
- DOI: 10.1111/exd.12024
Androgen actions on the human hair follicle: perspectives
Abstract
Androgens stimulate beard growth but suppress hair growth in androgenetic alopecia (AGA). This condition is known as 'androgen paradox'. Human pilosebaceous units possess enough enzymes to form the active androgens testosterone and dihydrotestosterone. In hair follicles, 5α-reductase type 1 and 2, androgen receptors (AR) and AR coactivators can regulate androgen sensitivity of dermal papillae (DP). To regulate hair growth, androgens stimulate production of IGF-1 as positive mediators from beard DP cells and of TGF-β1, TGF-β2, dickkopf1 and IL-6 as negative mediators from balding DP cells. In addition, androgens enhance inducible nitric oxide synthase from occipital DP cells and stem cell factor for positive regulation of hair growth in beard and negative regulation of balding DP cells. Moreover, AGA involves crosstalk between androgen and Wnt/β-catenin signalling. Finally, recent data on susceptibility genes have provided us with the impetus to investigate the molecular pathogenesis of AGA.
© 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S.
Similar articles
-
Molecular basis of androgenetic alopecia: From androgen to paracrine mediators through dermal papilla.J Dermatol Sci. 2011 Jan;61(1):1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2010.10.015. Epub 2010 Nov 3. J Dermatol Sci. 2011. PMID: 21167691 Review.
-
Role of androgen in mesenchymal epithelial interactions in human hair follicle.J Investig Dermatol Symp Proc. 2005 Dec;10(3):209-11. doi: 10.1111/j.1087-0024.2005.10107.x. J Investig Dermatol Symp Proc. 2005. PMID: 16382666
-
[Hormonal interaction and hair growth].Ann Dermatol Venereol. 2002 May;129(5 Pt 2):787-92. Ann Dermatol Venereol. 2002. PMID: 12223960 Review. French.
-
Hair follicle stem cell differentiation is inhibited through cross-talk between Wnt/β-catenin and androgen signalling in dermal papilla cells from patients with androgenetic alopecia.Br J Dermatol. 2012 May;166(5):1035-42. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2012.10856.x. Br J Dermatol. 2012. PMID: 22283397
-
Androgen modulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in androgenetic alopecia.Arch Dermatol Res. 2018 Jul;310(5):391-399. doi: 10.1007/s00403-018-1826-8. Epub 2018 Mar 16. Arch Dermatol Res. 2018. PMID: 29549490 Review.
Cited by
-
Mouse testicular macrophages can independently produce testosterone and are regulated by Cebpb.Biol Res. 2024 Sep 9;57(1):64. doi: 10.1186/s40659-024-00544-8. Biol Res. 2024. PMID: 39252136 Free PMC article.
-
A cross sectional study evaluating the relationship of acne to androgenetic alopecia subtype and severity.Arch Dermatol Res. 2024 Aug 17;316(8):533. doi: 10.1007/s00403-024-03334-0. Arch Dermatol Res. 2024. PMID: 39154095
-
Chitinase 3-Like 1 and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 5 proteins and the hair cycle.Arch Dermatol Res. 2024 Aug 16;316(8):523. doi: 10.1007/s00403-024-03151-5. Arch Dermatol Res. 2024. PMID: 39150635
-
Androgenetic Alopecia in Men: An Update On Genetics.Indian J Dermatol. 2024 May-Jun;69(3):282. doi: 10.4103/ijd.ijd_729_23. Epub 2024 Jun 26. Indian J Dermatol. 2024. PMID: 39119311 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Facial hair enhancement with minoxidil-an off-label use.SAGE Open Med Case Rep. 2024 Feb 23;12:2050313X241231490. doi: 10.1177/2050313X241231490. eCollection 2024. SAGE Open Med Case Rep. 2024. PMID: 38404498 Free PMC article.
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources
Research Materials
Miscellaneous
