Adopting kin enhances inclusive fitness in asocial red squirrels
- PMID: 20975694
- DOI: 10.1038/ncomms1022
Adopting kin enhances inclusive fitness in asocial red squirrels
Abstract
Orphaned animals benefit from being adopted, but it is unclear why an adopting parent should incur the costs of rearing extra young. Such altruistic parental behaviour could be favoured if it is directed towards kin and the inclusive benefits of adoption exceed the costs. Here, we report the occurrence of adoption (five occurrences among 2,230 litters over 19 years) in asocial red squirrels (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus). Adoptions were always between kin, while orphans without nearby kin were never adopted. Adoptions were confined exclusively to circumstances in which the benefits to the adopted juvenile (b), discounted by the degree of relatedness between the surrogate and the orphan (r), exceeded the fitness costs of adding an extra juvenile to her litter (c), as predicted by Hamilton's rule (rb>c) for the evolution of altruism. By focusing on adoption in an asocial species, our study provides a clear test of Hamilton's rule that explains the persistence of occasional altruism in a natural mammal population.
Similar articles
-
Helping in cooperatively breeding long-tailed tits: a test of Hamilton's rule.Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2014 Mar 31;369(1642):20130565. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2013.0565. Print 2014 May 19. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2014. PMID: 24686941 Free PMC article.
-
Hamilton's inclusive fitness maintains heritable altruism polymorphism through rb = c.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2018 Feb 20;115(8):1860-1864. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1710215115. Epub 2018 Jan 2. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2018. PMID: 29295937 Free PMC article.
-
Hamilton's rule and the causes of social evolution.Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2014 Mar 31;369(1642):20130362. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2013.0362. Print 2014 May 19. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2014. PMID: 24686934 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Hamilton's rule and kin competition in a finite kin population.J Theor Biol. 2021 Nov 21;529:110862. doi: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2021.110862. Epub 2021 Aug 13. J Theor Biol. 2021. PMID: 34391806
-
The group selection controversy.J Evol Biol. 2010 Jan;23(1):6-19. doi: 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2009.01876.x. Epub 2009 Nov 26. J Evol Biol. 2010. PMID: 20002254 Review.
Cited by
-
Benefits of living closer to kin vary by genealogical relationship in a territorial mammal.Proc Biol Sci. 2023 Jan 11;290(1990):20221569. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2022.1569. Epub 2023 Jan 11. Proc Biol Sci. 2023. PMID: 36629099 Free PMC article.
-
Modelling speciation: Problems and implications.In Silico Biol. 2023;15(1-2):23-42. doi: 10.3233/ISB-220253. In Silico Biol. 2023. PMID: 36502315 Free PMC article.
-
Integrative Studies of the Effects of Mothers on Offspring: An Example from Wild North American Red Squirrels.Adv Neurobiol. 2022;27:269-296. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-97762-7_9. Adv Neurobiol. 2022. PMID: 36169819
-
A Study of the Coevolution of Digital Organisms with an Evolutionary Cellular Automaton.Biology (Basel). 2021 Nov 7;10(11):1147. doi: 10.3390/biology10111147. Biology (Basel). 2021. PMID: 34827140 Free PMC article.
-
Two wild female bonobos adopted infants from a different social group at Wamba.Sci Rep. 2021 Mar 18;11(1):4967. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-83667-2. Sci Rep. 2021. PMID: 33737517 Free PMC article.
References
Publication types
MeSH terms
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources