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Link to original content: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19574383
H2O at the Phoenix landing site - PubMed Skip to main page content
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. 2009 Jul 3;325(5936):58-61.
doi: 10.1126/science.1172339.

H2O at the Phoenix landing site

P H Smith  1 , L K Tamppari, R E Arvidson, D Bass, D Blaney, W V Boynton, A Carswell, D C Catling, B C Clark, T Duck, E Dejong, D Fisher, W Goetz, H P Gunnlaugsson, M H Hecht, V Hipkin, J Hoffman, S F Hviid, H U Keller, S P Kounaves, C F Lange, M T Lemmon, M B Madsen, W J Markiewicz, J Marshall, C P McKay, M T Mellon, D W Ming, R V Morris, W T Pike, N Renno, U Staufer, C Stoker, P Taylor, J A Whiteway, A P Zent
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H2O at the Phoenix landing site

P H Smith et al. Science. .

Abstract

The Phoenix mission investigated patterned ground and weather in the northern arctic region of Mars for 5 months starting 25 May 2008 (solar longitude between 76.5 degrees and 148 degrees ). A shallow ice table was uncovered by the robotic arm in the center and edge of a nearby polygon at depths of 5 to 18 centimeters. In late summer, snowfall and frost blanketed the surface at night; H(2)O ice and vapor constantly interacted with the soil. The soil was alkaline (pH = 7.7) and contained CaCO(3), aqueous minerals, and salts up to several weight percent in the indurated surface soil. Their formation likely required the presence of water.

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