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. 2005 Dec;29(4):377-88.
doi: 10.1002/gepi.20093.

Estimating the additive genetic effect of the X chromosome

Jack W Kent Jr  1 , Thomas D Dyer, John Blangero
Affiliations

Estimating the additive genetic effect of the X chromosome

Jack W Kent Jr et al. Genet Epidemiol. 2005 Dec.

Abstract

We propose a method for efficient estimation of the additive genetic effect of the X chromosome with explicit modeling of eutherian-type dosage compensation. The theoretical derivation of the variance-components model for X-linked loci is reviewed in detail. We develop a model of dosage compensation that allows for both incomplete and heterogeneous lyonization, the existence of which is suggested by recent expression studies. Modeling this relationship, especially in the limit cases of complete or absent compensation, allows estimation of the X effect as a single parameter for ease of comparison to other sources of variance. We present simulation studies to estimate the power and computational efficiency of our proposed method.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Male/female ratios of means and variances for a simulated trait
Panel A, male/female ratio of phenotypic means, and panel B, ratio of phenotypic variances, for a trait simulated across a range (0.1 – 0.98) of heritabilities due to an X-linked QTL and h2r = 0. The trait was simulated either with dosage compensation for the X (closed circles) or without dosage compensation (open squares).
Figure 2
Figure 2. Power to detect an effect of the X chromosome
Power to detect an X effect estimated as percent rejection of the null hypothesis (no additive genetic effect of the X) for a trait simulated over a range (0 – 0.7) of heritabilities due to an X-linked QTL and h2r = 0. N = 1000 replicates/experiment. Trait was simulated with dosage compensation (closed circles) or without dosage compensation (open squares). X effect was tested assuming dosage compensation (solid lines) or assuming no dosage compensation (broken lines).
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References

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