中国
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See also: 中國
Chinese
[edit]| For pronunciation and definitions of 中国 – see 中國 (“middle country; central country; China; etc.”). (This term is the simplified form of 中國). |
Notes:
|
Japanese
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 中 | 国 |
| ちゅう Grade: 1 |
こく > ごく Grade: 2 |
| on'yomi | |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 中國 (kyūjitai) |
From Middle Chinese 中國 (MC trjuwng kwok, literally “central country”). Compare modern Cantonese 中國／中国 (zung1 gwok3). Attested from at least the 12th century.[1]
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Where the "China" sense first attested in a Japanese document?”)
Proper noun
[edit]- China
- (historical or contemporary) any of several kingdoms, empires, or states of the Chinese people
- c. 1120, Konjaku monogatari shū [Tales of Times Now Past], scroll 6:
- 造り奉れる体を見るに、中國には不似ず、面[めう]胡国に似たり。
- Tsukuri matsureru sugata o miru ni, Chūgoku ni wa fu-nizu, men[meu] kokoku ni nitari.
- Judging from the appearance [of the statue], it is not unlike those in China, though the face resembles the northern nations.
- 造り奉れる体を見るに、中國には不似ず、面[めう]胡国に似たり。
- (especially in contemporary usage) short for 中華人民共和国 (Chūka Jinmin Kyōwakoku), the People's Republic of China
- 1998 November 30 [1990 November 25], Fujiko F. Fujio, のび太とアニマル惑星 [Nobita and the Animal Planet] (大長編ドラえもん; 10), 22nd edition, volume 10 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 27:
- クニ？クニってなあに。
- Kuni? Kuni tte nāni.
- Country? What’s a country?
- Amerika toka Chūgoku toka iroiro aru ja nai.
- You know, countries. There are a bunch of them like America and China.
- クニ？クニってなあに。
- (historical or contemporary) any of several kingdoms, empires, or states of the Chinese people
Derived terms
[edit]- 中国語 (Chūgoku-go, “Chinese language”)
- 中国人 (Chūgoku-jin, “Chinese person/people”)
- 中国料理 (Chūgoku ryōri, “Chinese cuisine”)
Related terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 中 | 国 |
| ちゅう Grade: 1 |
こく > ごく Grade: 2 |
| on'yomi | |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 中國 (kyūjitai) |
From Middle Chinese 中國 (MC trjuwng kwok). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)
Analyzable as a compound of 中 (chū, “center, middle”) + 国 (koku, “province”). The koku changes to goku as an instance of rendaku (連濁).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Tokyo) ちゅうごく [chúꜜùgòkù] (Atamadaka – [1])[2]
- (Tokyo) ちゅうごく [chùúgókú] (Heiban – [0])[3]
- IPA(key): [t͡ɕɨːɡo̞kɯ̟]
Audio: (file)
Noun
[edit]- the central part of a country, historically, commonly known as the capital city or the main region, where an emperor or other ruler resides
- something within a country
- (historical) under the 律令 (Ritsuryō) system, a province of the third rank according to a four-rank system based on population and area
- (historical) under the 律令 (Ritsuryō) system, a province of the second rank according to the distance from the capital city
- collective term for the 山陽道 (San'yōdō) and 山陰道 (San'indō) regions of Japan
Derived terms
[edit]- 中国地方 (Chūgoku chihō)
Proper noun
[edit]- Short for 中国地方 (Chūgoku chihō): the Chūgoku region of Japan
Etymology 3
[edit]| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 中 | 国 |
| なか Grade: 1 |
くに Grade: 2 |
| kun'yomi | |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 中國 (kyūjitai) |
From 中 (naka, “center, middle”) + 国 (kuni, “country”).
Proper noun
[edit]- a surname
See also
[edit]- 中つ国 (naka tsu kuni)
References
[edit]- ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Zhuang
[edit]Proper noun
[edit]中国
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