@inproceedings{xu-etal-2023-introducing,
title = "Introducing Semantics into Speech Encoders",
author = "Xu, Derek and
Dong, Shuyan and
Wang, Changhan and
Kim, Suyoun and
Lin, Zhaojiang and
Liu, Bing and
Shrivastava, Akshat and
Li, Shang-Wen and
Tseng, Liang-Hsuan and
Lin, Guan-Ting and
Baevski, Alexei and
Lee, Hung-yi and
Sun, Yizhou and
Wang, Wei",
editor = "Rogers, Anna and
Boyd-Graber, Jordan and
Okazaki, Naoaki",
booktitle = "Proceedings of the 61st Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers)",
month = jul,
year = "2023",
address = "Toronto, Canada",
publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
url = "https://aclanthology.org/2023.acl-long.639",
doi = "10.18653/v1/2023.acl-long.639",
pages = "11413--11429",
abstract = "Recent studies find existing self-supervised speech encoders contain primarily acoustic rather than semantic information. As a result, pipelined supervised automatic speech recognition (ASR) to large language model (LLM) systems achieve state-of-the-art results on semantic spoken language tasks by utilizing rich semantic representations from the LLM. These systems come at the cost of labeled audio transcriptions, which is expensive and time-consuming to obtain. We propose a task-agnostic unsupervised way of incorporating semantic information from LLMs into self-supervised speech encoders without labeled audio transcriptions. By introducing semantics, we improve existing speech encoder spoken language understanding (SLU) performance by over 5{\%} on intent classification (IC), with modest gains in named entity resolution (NER) and slot filling (SF), and spoken question answering (SQA) FF1 score by over 2{\%}. Our approach, which uses no ASR data, achieves similar performance as methods trained on over 100 hours of labeled audio transcripts, demonstrating the feasibility of unsupervised semantic augmentations to existing speech encoders.",
}
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<abstract>Recent studies find existing self-supervised speech encoders contain primarily acoustic rather than semantic information. As a result, pipelined supervised automatic speech recognition (ASR) to large language model (LLM) systems achieve state-of-the-art results on semantic spoken language tasks by utilizing rich semantic representations from the LLM. These systems come at the cost of labeled audio transcriptions, which is expensive and time-consuming to obtain. We propose a task-agnostic unsupervised way of incorporating semantic information from LLMs into self-supervised speech encoders without labeled audio transcriptions. By introducing semantics, we improve existing speech encoder spoken language understanding (SLU) performance by over 5% on intent classification (IC), with modest gains in named entity resolution (NER) and slot filling (SF), and spoken question answering (SQA) FF1 score by over 2%. Our approach, which uses no ASR data, achieves similar performance as methods trained on over 100 hours of labeled audio transcripts, demonstrating the feasibility of unsupervised semantic augmentations to existing speech encoders.</abstract>
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%0 Conference Proceedings
%T Introducing Semantics into Speech Encoders
%A Xu, Derek
%A Dong, Shuyan
%A Wang, Changhan
%A Kim, Suyoun
%A Lin, Zhaojiang
%A Liu, Bing
%A Shrivastava, Akshat
%A Li, Shang-Wen
%A Tseng, Liang-Hsuan
%A Lin, Guan-Ting
%A Baevski, Alexei
%A Lee, Hung-yi
%A Sun, Yizhou
%A Wang, Wei
%Y Rogers, Anna
%Y Boyd-Graber, Jordan
%Y Okazaki, Naoaki
%S Proceedings of the 61st Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers)
%D 2023
%8 July
%I Association for Computational Linguistics
%C Toronto, Canada
%F xu-etal-2023-introducing
%X Recent studies find existing self-supervised speech encoders contain primarily acoustic rather than semantic information. As a result, pipelined supervised automatic speech recognition (ASR) to large language model (LLM) systems achieve state-of-the-art results on semantic spoken language tasks by utilizing rich semantic representations from the LLM. These systems come at the cost of labeled audio transcriptions, which is expensive and time-consuming to obtain. We propose a task-agnostic unsupervised way of incorporating semantic information from LLMs into self-supervised speech encoders without labeled audio transcriptions. By introducing semantics, we improve existing speech encoder spoken language understanding (SLU) performance by over 5% on intent classification (IC), with modest gains in named entity resolution (NER) and slot filling (SF), and spoken question answering (SQA) FF1 score by over 2%. Our approach, which uses no ASR data, achieves similar performance as methods trained on over 100 hours of labeled audio transcripts, demonstrating the feasibility of unsupervised semantic augmentations to existing speech encoders.
%R 10.18653/v1/2023.acl-long.639
%U https://aclanthology.org/2023.acl-long.639
%U https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2023.acl-long.639
%P 11413-11429
Markdown (Informal)
[Introducing Semantics into Speech Encoders](https://aclanthology.org/2023.acl-long.639) (Xu et al., ACL 2023)
ACL
- Derek Xu, Shuyan Dong, Changhan Wang, Suyoun Kim, Zhaojiang Lin, Bing Liu, Akshat Shrivastava, Shang-Wen Li, Liang-Hsuan Tseng, Guan-Ting Lin, Alexei Baevski, Hung-yi Lee, Yizhou Sun, and Wei Wang. 2023. Introducing Semantics into Speech Encoders. In Proceedings of the 61st Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers), pages 11413–11429, Toronto, Canada. Association for Computational Linguistics.
