Literature Cited

Alpatov
,
W. W.
 
1929
.
Biometrical studies on variation and races of the honeybee (Apis mellifera)
.
Quart. Rev. Biol.
 
4
:
1
58
.

Anderson
,
W. W.
 
1966
.
Genetic divergence in M. Vetukhiv's experimental populations of Drosophila pseudoobscura. 3. Divergence in body size
.
Genet. Res.
 
7
:
255
266
.

Anderson
,
W. W.
 
1973
.
Genetic divergence in body size among experimental populations of Drosophila pseudoobscura kept at different temperatures
.
Evolution
 
27
:
278
284
.

Birch
,
L. C.
,
Th.
Dobzhansky
,
P. O.
Eliot
, and
R. C.
Lewontin
.
1963
.
Relative fitness of geographic races of Drosophila serrata
.
Evolution
 
17
:
72
83
.

Blackith
,
R. E.
 
1960
.
A synthesis of multivariate techniques to distinguish patterns of growth in grasshoppers
.
Biometrics
 
16
:
28
40
.

Blackith
,
R. E.
, and
R. A.
Reyment
.
1971
.
Multivariate morphometrics
.
Academic Press
,
London
.
412
pp.

Bryant
,
E. H.
 
1969
.
Fates of immatures in mixtures of two housefly strains
.
Ecology
 
50
:
1049
1069
.

Bryant
,
E. H.
 
1973
.
Habitat selection in a variable environment
.
J. Theor. Biol.
 
41
:
421
429
.

Bryant
,
E. H.
 
1974
.
On the adaptive significance of enzyme polymorphisms in relation to environmental variability
.
Amer. Natur.
 
108
:
1
19
.

Bryant
,
E. H.
, and
W. R.
Atchley
.
1975
.
Multivariate statistical methods. I. Within‐group covariation
.
Dowden, Hutchinson, & Ross
,
Stroudsburg, Pa.
 
436
pp.

Bryson
,
R. A.
 
1974
.
World climates and world food systems. III. The lessons of climate
. I. E. S. Report No. 27.

Carmer
,
S. G.
, and
M. R.
Swanson
.
1973
.
An evaluation of ten pairwise multiple comparison procedures by Monte Carlo methods
.
J. Amer. Stat. Assoc.
 
68
:
66
74
.

Dobzhansky
,
Th.
 
1933
.
Geographic variation in lady beetles
.
Amer. Natur.
 
67
:
97
126
.

Falconer
,
R. S.
 
1960
.
Introduction to quantitative genetics
.
Oliver & Boyd
,
London
.
365
pp.

Gabriel
,
K. R.
, and
R. R.
Sokal
.
1969
.
A new statistical approach to geographic variation analysis
.
Syst. Zool.
 
18
:
259
278
.

Goldschmidt
,
R.
 
1934
.
Lymantria
.
Bibliogr. Genetica
 
11
:
1
186
.

Greenham
,
P. M.
 
1972
.
The effect of the temperature of cattle dung on the rate of development of the larvae of the Australian bushfly, Musca vetustissima Walker (Diptera: Muscidae)
.
J. Anim. Ecol.
 
41
:
429
437
.

Harman
,
H. H.
 
1967
.
Modern factor analysis
.
Univ. Chicago Press
.
469
pp.

Haupt
,
A.
, and
J. R.
Busvine
.
1968
.
The effect of overcrowding on the size of houseflies (Musca domestica L.)
.
Royal Ent. Soc., London (Transac.)
 
120
:
293
311
.

Hedrick
,
P. W.
 
1974
.
Genetic variation in a heterogeneous environment. I. Temporal heterogeneity and the absolute dominance model
.
Genetics
 
78
:
757
770
.

Hedrick
,
P. W.
 
1976
.
Genetic variation in a heterogeneous environment. II. Temporal heterogeneity and directional selection
.
Genetics
 
84
:
145
157
.

Jennrich
,
R. I.
, and
P. F.
Sampson
.
1966
.
Rotation for simple loadings
.
Psychometrika
 
31
:
313
323
.

Johnston
,
R. F.
, and
R. K.
Selander
.
1971
.
Evolution in the house sparrow. II. Adaptive differentiation in North American populations
.
Evolution
 
25
:
1
28
.

Kaiser
,
H. F.
 
1958
.
The varimax criterion for analytic rotation in factor analysis
.
Psychometrika
 
23
:
187
200
.

Levins
,
R.
 
1965
.
Theory of fitness in a heterogeneous environment. V. Optimal genetic systems
.
Genetics
 
52
:
891
904
.

Levins
,
R.
 
1968
.
Evolution in changing environments
.
Princeton Univ. Press
,
N.J.
 
120
pp.

Levins
,
R.
 
1969
.
Thermal acclimation and heat resistence in Drosophila species
.
Amer. Natur.
 
103
:
483
500
.

Mason
,
L. G.
 
1973
.
The habitat and phenetic variation in Phymata americana Melin (Heteroptera)
.
Syst. Zool.
 
22
:
271
279
.

Misra
,
R. K.
, and
E. C. R.
Reeve
.
1964
.
Clines in body dimensions in populations of Drosophila subobscura
.
Genet. Res., Camb.
 
5
:
240
256
.

Power
,
D.
 
1969
.
Evolutionary implications of wing and size variation in the red‐winged blackbird in relation to geographic and climatic factors: a multiple regression analysis
.
Syst. Zool.
 
18
:
363
373
.

Prevosti
,
A.
 
1955
.
Geographical variability in quantitative traits in populations of Drosophila subobscura
.
Cold. Spr. Harb. Symp. Quant. Biol.
 
20
:
294
299
.

Rohlf
,
F. J.
, and
R. R.
Sokal
.
1972
.
Comparative morphometrics by factor analysis in two species of diptera
.
Z. Morph. Tiere
 
72
:
36
45
.

Robertson
,
F. W.
 
1962
.
Changing the relative size of the body parts of Drosophila by selection
.
Genet. Res.
 
3
:
169
180
.

Robertson
,
F. W.
, and
J. H.
Sang
.
1944
.
The ecological determinants of population growth in a Drosophila culture. I. Fecundity of adult flies
.
Proc. Roy. Soc. (London)
 
132
:
258
277
.

Reeve
,
E. C. R.
, and
F. W.
Robertson
.
1953
.
Studies in quantitative inheritance. II. Analysis of a strain of Drosophila melanogaster selected for long wings
.
J. Genet.
 
51
:
276
316
.

Royaltey
,
H. H.
,
E.
Astrachon
, and
R. R.
Sokal
.
1975
.
Tests for patterns in geographic variation
.
Geogr. Anal.
 
7
:
369
395
.

Sokal
,
R. R.
 
1962
.
Variation and covariation of characters of alate Pemphigus populi‐transversus in eastern North America
.
Evolution
 
16
:
227
245
.

Sokal
,
R. R.
, and
P. E.
Hunter
.
1955
.
A morphometric analysis of DDT‐resistant and non‐resistant housefly strains
.
Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer.
 
48
:
499
507
.

Sokal
,
R. R.
, and
R. C.
Rinkel
.
1963
.
Geographic variation of alate Pemphigus populi‐transversus in eastern North America
.
Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull.
 
44
:
467
507
.

Sokal
,
R. R.
, and
F. J.
Rohlf
.
1969
.
Biometry
.
Freeman
,
San Francisco
.
776
pp.

Sokal
,
R. R.
,
N. N.
Heryford
, and
J. R. L.
Kishpaugh
.
1971
.
Changes in microgeographic variation patterns of Pemphigus populi‐transversus and a six‐year span
.
Evolution
 
25
:
584
590
.

Sokal
,
R. R.
, and
B.
Riska
.
1977
.
Pemphigus revisited: variation and covariation
.
Evolution
, in press.

Sokoloff
,
A.
 
1966
.
Morphological variation in natural and experimental populations of Drosophila pseudoobscura and D. persimilis
.
Evolution
 
20
:
49
71
.

Stalker
,
H. D.
, and
H. L.
Carson
.
1947
.
Morphological variation in natural populations of Drosophila robusta Sturtevant
.
Evolution
 
1
:
237
248
.

Stalker
,
H. D.
, and
H. L.
Carson
.
1948
.
An altitudinal transect of Drosophila robusta Sturtevant
.
Evolution
 
2
:
295
305
.

Stalker
,
H. D.
, and
H. L.
Carson
.
1949
.
Seasonal variation in the morphology of Drosophila robusta Sturtevant
.
Evolution
 
3
:
330
343
.

Steele
,
R. G. D.
, and
J. H.
Torrie
.
1960
.
Statistics with special reference to the biological sciences
.
McGraw‐Hill
,
N.Y.
 
481
pp.

Sullivan
,
R. L.
, and
R. R.
Sokal
.
1963
.
The effects of larval density on several strains of the housefly
.
Ecology
 
44
:
120
130
.

Tantawy
,
A. O.
 
1965
.
Studies on natural populations of Drosophila. III. Morphological and genetic differences of wing length in Drosophila melanogaster and D. simulans in relation to season
.
Evolution
 
18
:
560
570
.

Tantawy
,
A. O.
, and
G. S.
Mallah
.
1961
.
Studies on natural populations of Drosophila. I. Heat resistance and geographical variations in Drosophila melanogaster and D. simulans
.
Evolution
 
15
:
1
14
.

Tantawy
,
A. O.
, and
F. A.
Rakha
.
1964
.
Studies on natural populations of Drosophila. IV. Genetic variances of and correlations between four characters in Drosophila melanogaster and D. simulans
.
Genetics
 
50
:
1349
1355
.

Thomas
,
P. A.
 
1968
.
Geographic variation of the rabbit tick, Haemaphysalis leporispalustris, in North America
.
Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull.
 
47
:
787
828
.

Tukey
,
J. W.
 
1951
.
Components in regression
.
Biometrics
 
7
:
33
69
.

Webber
,
L. G.
 
1955
.
The relationship between larval and adult size of the Australian sheep blowfly Lucilia cuprina (Weed)
.
Aust. J. Zool.
 
3
:
346
353
.

Article PDF first page preview

Article PDF first page preview
This content is only available as a PDF.
This article is published and distributed under the terms of the Oxford University Press, Standard Journals Publication Model (https://academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model)