iBet uBet web content aggregator. Adding the entire web to your favor.
iBet uBet web content aggregator. Adding the entire web to your favor.



Link to original content: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25286-0_1
KLEIN: A New Family of Lightweight Block Ciphers | SpringerLink
Skip to main content
Springer Nature Link
Log in

KLEIN: A New Family of Lightweight Block Ciphers

  • Conference paper
RFID. Security and Privacy (RFIDSec 2011)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((volume 7055))

Abstract

Resource-efficient cryptographic primitives are essential for realizing both security and efficiency in embedded systems like RFID tags and sensor nodes. Among those primitives, lightweight block cipher plays a major role as a building block for security protocols. In this paper, we describe a new family of lightweight block ciphers named KLEIN, which is designed for resource-constrained devices such as wireless sensors and RFID tags. Compared to related proposals, KLEIN has advantage in the software performance on legacy sensor platforms, while its hardware implementation can be compact as well.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Biham, E., Biryukov, A., Shamir, A.: Cryptanalysis of Skipjack Reduced to 31 Rounds Using Impossible Differentials. In: Stern, J. (ed.) EUROCRYPT 1999. LNCS, vol. 1592, pp. 12–23. Springer, Heidelberg (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Bilgin, B., Kavun, E.B., Yalcin, T.: Towards an Ultra Lightweight Crypto Processor. In: Workshop on Lightweight Security & Privacy: Devices, Protocols, and Applications (Lightsec 2011), pp. 76–83. IEEE CS, Los Alamitos (2011)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  3. Bogdanov, A., Knudsen, L.R., Leander, G., Paar, C., Poschmann, A., Robshaw, M.J.B., Seurin, Y., Vikkelsoe, C.: PRESENT: An Ultra-Lightweight Block Cipher. In: Paillier, P., Verbauwhede, I. (eds.) CHES 2007. LNCS, vol. 4727, pp. 450–466. Springer, Heidelberg (2007)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  4. Bogdanov, A., Leander, G., Paar, C., Poschmann, A., Robshaw, M.J.B., Seurin, Y.: Hash Functions and RFID tags: Mind the Gap. In: Oswald, E., Rohatgi, P. (eds.) CHES 2008. LNCS, vol. 5154, pp. 283–299. Springer, Heidelberg (2008)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  5. Bogdanov, A., Rechberger, C.: A 3-Subset Meet-in-the-Middle Attack: Cryptanalysis of the Lightweight Block Cipher KTANTAN. In: Biryukov, A., Gong, G., Stinson, D.R. (eds.) SAC 2010. LNCS, vol. 6544, pp. 229–240. Springer, Heidelberg (2011)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  6. De Cannière, C., Dunkelman, O., Knežević, M.: KATAN and KTANTAN — A family of Small and Efficient Hardware-Oriented Block Ciphers. In: Clavier, C., Gaj, K. (eds.) CHES 2009. LNCS, vol. 5747, pp. 272–288. Springer, Heidelberg (2009)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  7. Chipcon: CC2420: 2.4 GHz IEEE 802.15.4/Zigbee-ready RF transceiver, http://focus.ti.com/lit/ds/symlink/cc2420.pdf

  8. Cho, J.Y.: Linear Cryptanalysis of Reduced-Round PRESENT. In: Pieprzyk, J. (ed.) CT-RSA 2010. LNCS, vol. 5985, pp. 302–317. Springer, Heidelberg (2010)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  9. Collard, B., Standaert, F.-X.: A Statistical Saturation Attack Against The Block Cipher PRESENT. In: Fischlin, M. (ed.) CT-RSA 2009. LNCS, vol. 5473, pp. 195–210. Springer, Heidelberg (2009)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  10. Crossbow: IRIS wireless measurement system, http://www.xbow.com/Products/Product_pdf_files/Wireless_pdf/IRIS_Datasheet.pdf

  11. Crossbow: TelosB mote platform, http://www.xbow.com/Products/Product_pdf_files/Wireless_pdf/TelosB_Datasheet.pdf

  12. Daemen, J., Knudsen, L.R., Rijmen, V.: Linear Frameworks for Block Ciphers. Designs, Codes and Cryptography 22(1), 65–87 (2001)

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  13. Daemen, J., Peeters, M., Van Assche, G., Rijmen, V.: The NOEKEON Block Cipher. The NESSIE Proposal (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Daemen, J., Rijmen, V.: The Design of Rijndael: AES - The Advanced Encryption Standard. Springer, Heidelberg (2002)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  15. Daemen, J., Rijmen, V.: A New MAC Construction ALRED and A Specific Instance ALPHA-MAC. In: Gilbert, H., Handschuh, H. (eds.) FSE 2005. LNCS, vol. 3557, pp. 1–17. Springer, Heidelberg (2005)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  16. Daemen, J., Rijmen, V.: New Criteria for Linear Maps in AES-Like Ciphers. Cryptography and Communications 1(1), 47–69 (2009)

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  17. Dinur, I., Shamir, A.: Cube Attacks on Tweakable Black Box Polynomials. In: Joux, A. (ed.) EUROCRYPT 2009. LNCS, vol. 5479, pp. 278–299. Springer, Heidelberg (2009)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  18. Engels, D., Fan, X., Gong, G., Hu, H., Smith, E.M.: Hummingbird: Ultra-Lightweight Cryptography for Resource-Constrained Devices. In: Sion, R., Curtmola, R., Dietrich, S., Kiayias, A., Miret, J.M., Sako, K., Sebé, F. (eds.) RLCPS, WECSR, and WLC 2010. LNCS, vol. 6054, pp. 3–18. Springer, Heidelberg (2010)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  19. Eriksson, J., Dunkels, A., Finne, N., Österlind, F., Voigt, T.: MSPsim - An Extensible Simulator for MSP430-Equipped Sensor Boards. In: Proceedings of the European Conference on Wireless Sensor Networks (EWSN), Poster/Demo Session, Delft, The Netherlands (January 2007)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Feldhofer, M., Wolkerstorfer, J., Rijmen, V.: AES Implementation on a Grain of Sand. IEEE Proceedings on Information Security 152(1), 13–20 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Gong, Z., Hartel, P., Nikova, S., Zhu, B.: Towards Secure and Practical MACs for Body Sensor Networks. In: Roy, B.K., Sendrier, N. (eds.) INDOCRYPT 2009. LNCS, vol. 5922, pp. 182–198. Springer, Heidelberg (2009)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  22. Hong, D., Sung, J., Hong, S., Lim, J., Lee, S., Koo, B., Lee, C., Chang, D., Lee, J., Jeong, K., Kim, H., Kim, J., Chee, S.: HIGHT: A New Block Cipher Suitable for Low-Resource Device. In: Goubin, L., Matsui, M. (eds.) CHES 2006. LNCS, vol. 4249, pp. 46–59. Springer, Heidelberg (2006)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  23. Granboulan, L.: Flaws in Differential Cryptanalysis of Skipjack. In: Matsui, M. (ed.) FSE 2001. LNCS, vol. 2355, pp. 328–335. Springer, Heidelberg (2002)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  24. Hamalainen, P., Alho, T., Hannikainen, M., Hamalainen, T.D.: Design and Implementation of Low-Area and Low-Power AES Encryption Hardware Core. In: DSD 2006: Proceedings of the 9th EUROMICRO Conference on Digital System Design, pp. 577–583. IEEE Computer Society, Washington, DC, USA (2006)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  25. Healy, M., Newe, T., Lewis, E.: Analysis of Hardware Encryption Versus Software Encryption on Wireless Sensor Network Motes. In: Mukhopadhyay, S.C., Gupta, G.S. (eds.) Smart Sensors and Sensing Technology 2008. LNEE, vol. 20, pp. 3–14. Springer, Heidelberg (2008)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  26. Juels, A., Weis, S.A.: Authenticating Pervasive Devices with Human Protocols. In: Shoup, V. (ed.) CRYPTO 2005. LNCS, vol. 3621, pp. 293–308. Springer, Heidelberg (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  27. Knudsen, L.R., Leander, G., Poschmann, A., Robshaw, M.J.B.: PRINTCipher: A Block Cipher for IC-Printing. In: Mangard and Standaert [37], pp. 16–32

    Google Scholar 

  28. Knudsen, L.R., Raddum, H.: On NOEKEON. The NESSIE Report (April 2001)

    Google Scholar 

  29. Knudsen, L.R., Robshaw, M.J.B., Wagner, D.: Truncated Differentials and Skipjack. In: Wiener, M. (ed.) CRYPTO 1999. LNCS, vol. 1666, pp. 165–180. Springer, Heidelberg (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  30. Knudsen, L.R., Wagner, D.: Integral Cryptanalysis. In: Daemen, J., Rijmen, V. (eds.) FSE 2002. LNCS, vol. 2365, pp. 112–127. Springer, Heidelberg (2002)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  31. Könighofer, R.: A Fast and Cache-Timing Resistant Implementation of the AES. In: Malkin, T. (ed.) CT-RSA 2008. LNCS, vol. 4964, pp. 187–202. Springer, Heidelberg (2008)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  32. Law, Y.W., Doumen, J., Hartel, P.H.: Survey and Benchmark of Block Ciphers for Wireless Sensor Networks. ACM Trans. Sen. Netw. 2(1), 65–93 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Leander, G., Paar, C., Poschmann, A., Schramm, K.: New Lightweight DES Variants. In: Biryukov, A. (ed.) FSE 2007. LNCS, vol. 4593, pp. 196–210. Springer, Heidelberg (2007)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  34. Lim, C.H.: A Revised Version of CRYPTON - CRYPTON V1.0. In: Knudsen, L.R. (ed.) FSE 1999. LNCS, vol. 1636, pp. 31–45. Springer, Heidelberg (1999)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  35. Lim, C.H., Korkishko, T.: mCrypton – A Lightweight Block Cipher for Security of Low-Cost RFID Tags and Sensors. In: Song, J., Kwon, T., Yung, M. (eds.) WISA 2005. LNCS, vol. 3786, pp. 243–258. Springer, Heidelberg (2006)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  36. Mangard, S., Popp, T., Gammel, B.M.: Side-Channel Leakage of Masked CMOS Gates. In: Menezes, A.J. (ed.) CT-RSA 2005. LNCS, vol. 3376, pp. 351–365. Springer, Heidelberg (2005)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  37. Mangard, S., Standaert, F.X. (eds.): CHES 2010. LNCS, vol. 6225. Springer, Heidelberg (2010)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  38. Matsui, M.: New Structure of Block Ciphers with Provable Security against Differential and Linear Cryptanalysis. In: Gollmann, D. (ed.) FSE 1996. LNCS, vol. 1039, pp. 205–218. Springer, Heidelberg (1996)

    Google Scholar 

  39. Moradi, A., Poschmann, A.: Lightweight Cryptography and DPA Countermeasures: A Survey. In: Sion, R., Curtmola, R., Dietrich, S., Kiayias, A., Miret, J.M., Sako, K., Sebé, F. (eds.) RLCPS, WECSR, and WLC 2010. LNCS, vol. 6054, pp. 68–79. Springer, Heidelberg (2010)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  40. Moradi, A., Poschmann, A., Ling, S., Paar, C., Wang, H.: Pushing the Limits: A Very Compact and a Threshold Implementation of AES. In: Paterson, K.G. (ed.) EUROCRYPT 2011. LNCS, vol. 6632, pp. 69–88. Springer, Heidelberg (2011)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  41. Nikova, S., Rijmen, V., Schläffer, M.: Secure Hardware Implementation of Non-Linear Functions in the Presence of Glitches. In: Lee, P.J., Cheon, J.H. (eds.) ICISC 2008. LNCS, vol. 5461, pp. 218–234. Springer, Heidelberg (2009)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  42. NIST. Skipjack and KEA algorithm Specifications (version 2.0). NIST online document (May 1998), http://csrc.nist.gov/groups/ST/toolkit/documents/skipjack/skipjack.pdf

  43. Ohkuma, K.: Weak Keys of Reduced-Round PRESENT for Linear Cryptanalysis, pp. 249–265. Springer, Heidelberg (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  44. Özen, O., Varıcı, K., Tezcan, C., Kocair, Ç.: Lightweight Block Ciphers Revisited: Cryptanalysis of Reduced Round PRESENT and HIGHT. In: Boyd, C., González Nieto, J. (eds.) ACISP 2009. LNCS, vol. 5594, pp. 90–107. Springer, Heidelberg (2009)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  45. Paar, C., Poschmann, A., Robshaw, M.: New Designs in Lightweight Symmetric Encryption. In: Kitsos, P., Zhang, Y. (eds.) RFID Security: Techniques, Protocols and System-on-Chip Design, pp. 349–371. Springer, Heidelberg (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  46. Phan, R.C.W.: Cryptanalysis of Full Skipjack Block Cipher. Electronic Letters, 69–71 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  47. Poschmann, A.: Lightweight Cryptography - Cryptographic Engineering for a PervasiveWorld. PhD thesis, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  48. Poschmann, A., Ling, S., Wang, H.: 256 Bit Standardized Crypto for 650 Ge - Gost Revisited. In: Mangard and Standaert [37], pp. 219–233

    Google Scholar 

  49. Rolfes, C., Poschmann, A., Leander, G., Paar, C.: Ultra-Lightweight Implementations for Smart Devices – Security for 1000 Gate Equivalents. In: Grimaud, G., Standaert, F.-X. (eds.) CARDIS 2008. LNCS, vol. 5189, pp. 89–103. Springer, Heidelberg (2008)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  50. Saarinen, M.J.O.: Cryptanalysis of Hummingbird-1. In: Joux, A. (ed.) FSE 2011. LNCS, vol. 6733, pp. 328–341. Springer, Heidelberg (2011)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  51. Satoh, A., Morioka, S., Takano, K., Munetoh, S.: A Compact Rijndael Hardware Architecture with S-Box Optimization. In: Boyd, C. (ed.) ASIACRYPT 2001. LNCS, vol. 2248, pp. 239–254. Springer, Heidelberg (2001)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  52. Standaert, F.X., Piret, G., Gershenfeld, N., Quisquater, J.J.: SEA: A Scalable Encryption Algorithm for Small Embedded Applications. In: Domingo-Ferrer, J., Posegga, J., Schreckling, D. (eds.) CARDIS 2006. LNCS, vol. 3928, pp. 222–236. Springer, Heidelberg (2006)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  53. Zhu, B.: The Standalone AES Encryption of CC2420 (TinyOS 2.10 and MICAz) (December 2008), http://cis.sjtu.edu.cn/index.php/Bo_Zhu

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Computer Science, South China Normal University, China

    Zheng Gong

  2. Faculty of EWI, University of Twente, The Netherlands

    Svetla Nikova

  3. Dept. ESAT/SCD-COSIC, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium

    Svetla Nikova

  4. Department of EEE, The University of Melbourne, Australia

    Yee Wei Law

Authors
  1. Zheng Gong
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Svetla Nikova
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Yee Wei Law
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. RSA Laboratories/ EMC, 11 Cambridge Center, 02142, Cambridge, MA, USA

    Ari Juels

  2. Horst Görtz Institute for IT Security, Ruhr-University, Bochum, Germany

    Christof Paar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2012 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Gong, Z., Nikova, S., Law, Y.W. (2012). KLEIN: A New Family of Lightweight Block Ciphers. In: Juels, A., Paar, C. (eds) RFID. Security and Privacy. RFIDSec 2011. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 7055. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25286-0_1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25286-0_1

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-25285-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-25286-0

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation