Abstract
The parallel performance of several classical Algebraic Multigrid (AMG) methods applied to linear elasticity problems is investigated. These methods include standard AMG approaches for systems of partial differential equations such as the unknown and hybrid approaches, as well as the more recent global matrix (GM) and local neighborhood (LN) approaches, which incorporate rigid body modes (RBMs) into the AMG interpolation operator. Numerical experiments are presented for both two- and three-dimensional elasticity problems on up to 131,072 cores (and 262,144 MPI processes) on the Vulcan supercomputer (LLNL, USA) and up to 262,144 cores (and 524,288 MPI processes) on the JUQUEEN supercomputer (JSC, Jülich, Germany). It is demonstrated that incorporating all RBMs into the interpolation leads generally to faster convergence and improved scalability.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Augustin, C.M., Neic, A., Liebmann, M., Prassl, A.J., Niederer, S.A., Haase, G., Plank, G.: Anatomically accurate high resolution modeling of human whole heart electromechanics: a strongly scalable algebraic multigrid solver method for nonlinear deformation. J. Comput. Phys. 305, 622–646 (2016)
Baker, A.H., Kolev, T.V., Yang, U.M.: Improving algebraic multigrid interpolation operators for linear elasticity problems. Numer. Linear Algebra Appl. 17 (2–3), 495–517 (2010). http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nla.688
Blatt, M., Ippisch, O., Bastian, P.: A massively parallel algebraic multigrid preconditioner based on aggregation for elliptic problems with heterogeneous coefficients. arXiv preprint arXiv:1209.0960 (2013)
Braess, D.: Towards algebraic multigrid for elliptic problems of second order. Computing 55 (4), 379–393 (1995). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02238488
Braess, D.: Finite Elemente, vol. 4. Springer, Berlin (2007)
Brezina, M., Cleary, A.J., Falgout, R.D., Jones, J.E., Manteufel, T.A., McCormick, S.F., Ruge, J.W.: Algebraic multigrid based on element interpolation (AMGe). SIAM J. Sci. Comput. 22, 1570–1592 (2000). Also LLNL technical report UCRL-JC-131752
Brezina, M., Tong, C., Becker, R.: Parallel algebraic multigrid methods for structural mechanics. SIAM J. Sci. Comput. 27 (5), 1534–1554 (2006)
Bulgakov, V.E.: Multi-level iterative technique and aggregation concept with semi-analytical preconditioning for solving boundary value problems. Commun. Numer. Methods Eng. 9 (8), 649–657 (1993). http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cnm.1640090804
Cleary, A.J., Falgout, R.D., Henson, V.E., Jones, J.E., Manteuffel, T.A., McCormick, S.F., Miranda, G.N., Ruge, J.W.: Robustness and scalability of algebraic multigrid. SIAM J. Sci. Comput. 21, 1886–1908 (2000)
Clees, T.: AMG Strategies for ODE Systems with Applications in Industrial Semiconductor Simulation. Shaker Verlag GmbH, Germany (2005)
De Sterck, H., Yang, U.M., Heys, J.J.: Reducing complexity in parallel algebraic multigrid preconditioners. SIAM J. Matrix Anal. Appl. 27 (4), 1019–1039 (2006). http://dx.doi.org/10.1137/040615729
De Sterck, H., Falgout, R.D., Nolting, J.W., Yang, U.M.: Distance-two interpolation for parallel algebraic multigrid. Numer. Linear Algebra Appl. 15, 115–139 (2008)
Dohrmann, C.R.: Interpolation operators for algebraic multigrid by local optimization. SIAM J. Sci. Comput. 29 (5), 2045–2058 (electronic) (2007). http://dx.doi.org/10.1137/06066103X
Griebel, M., Oeltz, D., Schweitzer, A.: An algebraic multigrid for linear elasticity. J. Sci. Comput. 25 (2), 385–407 (2003)
Henson, V.E., Vassilevski, P.S.: Element-free AMGe: general algorithms for computing interpolation weights in AMG. SIAM J. Sci. Comput. 23 (2), 629–650 (electronic) (2001). http://dx.doi.org/10.1137/S1064827500372997. copper Mountain Conference (2000)
Henson, V.E., Yang, U.M.: BoomerAMG: a parallel algebraic multigrid solver and preconditioner. Appl. Numer. Math. 41, 155–177 (2002)
hypre: High performance preconditioners. http://www.llnl.gov/CASC/hypre/
Lanser, M.: Nonlinear FETI-DP and BDDC Methods. Ph.D. thesis, Universität zu Köln (2015)
Muresan, A.C., Notay, Y.: Analysis of aggregation-based multigrid. SIAM J. Sci. Comput. 30, 1082–1103 (2008)
Notay, Y.: An aggregation-based algebraic multigrid method. Electron. Trans. Numer. Anal. 37, 123–146 (2010)
Notay, Y., Napov, A.: Algebraic analysis of aggregation-based multigrid. Numer. Linear Algebra Appl. 18, 539–564 (2011)
Ruge, J.W.: AMG for problems of elasticity. Appl. Math. Comput. 19, 293–309 (1986)
Ruge, J.W., Stüben, K.: Algebraic multigrid (AMG). In: McCormick, S.F. (ed.) Multigrid Methods. Frontiers in Applied Mathematics, vol. 3, pp. 73–130. SIAM, Philadelphia (1987)
Stephan, M., Docter, J.: JUQUEEN: IBM blue gene/QⓇsupercomputer system at the Jülich Supercomputing Centre. JLSRF 1, A1 (2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.17815/jlsrf-1-18
Stüben, K.: An introduction to algebraic multigrid. In: Multigrid, pp. 413–532. Academic Press, London/San Diego (2001). also available as GMD Report 70, November 1999
Trottenberg, U., Oosterlee, C.W., Schüller, A.: Multigrid. Academic Press, London/San Diego (2001)
Vaněk, P., Mandel, J., Brezina, M.: Algebraic multigrid by smooth aggregation for second and fourth order elliptic problems. Computing 56, 179–196 (1996)
Yang, U.M.: Parallel algebraic multigrid methods – high performance preconditioners. In: Bruaset, A., Tveito, A. (eds.) Numerical Solutions of Partial Differential Equations on Parallel Computers. Lecture Notes in Computational Science and Engineering, pp. 209–236. Springer, Berlin (2006)
Yang, U.M.: On long-range interpolation operators for aggressive coarsening. Numer. Linear Algebra Appl. 17, 453–472 (2010)
Acknowledgements
This work was supported in part by the German Research Foundation (DFG) through the Priority Program 1648 “Software for Exascale Computing” (SPPEXA ) under KL 2094/4-1 and RH 122/2-1. The authors also gratefully acknowledge the use of the Vulcan supercomputer at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Partial support for this work was provided through Scientific Discovery through Advanced Computing (SciDAC ) program funded by U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Advanced Scientific Computing Research (and Basic Energy Sciences/Biological and Environmental Research/High Energy Physics/Fusion Energy Sciences/Nuclear Physics). This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. The authors gratefully acknowledge the Gauss Centre for Supercomputing (GCS) for providing computing time through the John von Neumann Institute for Computing (NIC) on the GCS share of the supercomputer JUQUEEN [24] at Jülich Supercomputing Centre (JSC). GCS is the alliance of the three national supercomputing centres HLRS (Universität Stuttgart), JSC (Forschungszentrum Jülich), and LRZ (Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften), funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) and the German State Ministries for Research of Baden-Württemberg (MWK), Bayern (StMWFK) and Nordrhein-Westfalen (MIWF).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this paper
Cite this paper
Baker, A.H., Klawonn, A., Kolev, T., Lanser, M., Rheinbach, O., Yang, U.M. (2016). Scalability of Classical Algebraic Multigrid for Elasticity to Half a Million Parallel Tasks. In: Bungartz, HJ., Neumann, P., Nagel, W. (eds) Software for Exascale Computing - SPPEXA 2013-2015. Lecture Notes in Computational Science and Engineering, vol 113. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40528-5_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40528-5_6
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-40526-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-40528-5
eBook Packages: Mathematics and StatisticsMathematics and Statistics (R0)