An Evaluation of Virtual Reality for Terrain Assessment

Abstract

With the availability of quickly created and inexpensive 3D representations of the real world, it is important to investigate whether users can derive additional value from them, particularly when combined with the possibilities of Virtual Reality (VR) visualization.

To evaluate possible benefits, a study was conducted which focused on the specific tasks of aerial image analysts and covered the use of 3D geodata in terrain assessment.

The study compared the use of 3D geodata in VR with 2D displays, using a digital orthophoto with 20 cm resolution and digital terrain models from the ASTER system. The task for the user was to find a route with minimal gradient between a start and destination point while avoiding steep gradients. The base map used was a digital orthophoto in 20 cm resolution (DOP20). In 2D, the height information was conveyed by isohypses. In VR, the digital terrain model (DTM) from the ASTER system was used.

The results of the evaluation showed that the actual task goal, the lowest maximum gradient, was best achieved in VR. However, the subjects needed considerably more time to complete the tasks in VR. In VR, the test persons were also more cautious, they planned the routes considerably longer, but as already mentioned, they achieved the objective better.

Overall, the results of this study suggest that while VR may offer added value in terrain assessment, it may not be as efficient as 2D planning for those trained in map reading. However, for new users or those who are less familiar with the terrain, VR may offer a more intuitive and immersive experience, allowing them to better understand and interpret the data. Further research is needed to fully understand the potential benefits and limitations of using VR for terrain assessment and to identify the most appropriate use cases for this technology.