iBet uBet web content aggregator. Adding the entire web to your favor.
iBet uBet web content aggregator. Adding the entire web to your favor.



Link to original content: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-79728-7_9
An Efficient Approach to Enhance the Robustness of Scale-Free Networks | SpringerLink
Skip to main content

An Efficient Approach to Enhance the Robustness of Scale-Free Networks

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Innovative Mobile and Internet Services in Ubiquitous Computing (IMIS 2021)

Abstract

In this paper, we aim to increase the robustness of Scale-Free Networks (SFNs) that are robust against random attacks; however, they are fragile to malicious attacks. When the highest-degree nodes are removed from the SFNs, they greatly affect the connectivity of the remaining nodes. In the proposed method, we perform two attacks, namely, the high degree link attacks and the recalculated high degree link attacks. These link attacks affect the core part of the network. To measure the extent of damaging the network at a greater portion, we use the closeness centrality and the eigenvector centrality. The goal is to construct a topology that shows better robustness against different malicious attacks with a minimum computational cost. The Pearson’s correlation coefficient is used to select the measures that are positively correlated with each other. Based on these centrality measures, we optimize the network robustness for both node and link attacks simultaneously. The optimization is performed based on two efficient measures, which are computationally less expensive to increase the network robustness.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Abdelgawad, A., Yelamarthi, K.: Internet of things (IoT) platform for structure health monitoring. Wireless Commun. Mob. Comput. 2017 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Liu, Y., Weng, X., Wan, J., Yue, X., Song, H., Vasilakos, A.V.: Exploring data validity in transportation systems for smart cities. IEEE Commun. Mag. 55(5), 26–33 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Lou, Y., Zhang, L.: Defending transportation networks against random and targeted attacks. Transp. Res. Rec. 2234(1), 31–40 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Santagati, G.E., Melodia, T.: An implantable low-power ultrasonic platform for the internet of medical things. In: IEEE INFOCOM 2017-IEEE Conference on Computer Communications, pp. 1–9. IEEE (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Li, S., Da. Li, X., Zhao, S.: 5G Internet of Things: a survey. J. Ind. Inf. Integr. 10, 1–9 (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Javaid, N., Sher, A., Nasir, H., Guizani, N.: Intelligence in IoT-based 5G networks: opportunities and challenges. IEEE Commun. Mag. 56(10), 94–100 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Watts, D.J., Strogatz, S.H.: Collective dynamics of ‘small-world’ networks. Nature 393(6684), 440–442 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Albert, R., Jeong, H., Barabási, A.-L.: Error and attack tolerance of complex networks. Nature 406(6794), 378–382 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Herrmann, H.J., Schneider, C.M., Moreira, A.A., Andrade, J.S., Jr., Havlin, S.: Onion-like network topology enhances robustness against malicious attacks. J. Stat. Mech. Theory Exp. 2011(01), P01027 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Gunasekara, R.C., Mohan, C.K., Mehrotra, K.: Multi-objective optimization to improve robustness in networks. In: Mandal, J., Mukhopadhyay, S., Dutta, P. (eds.) Multi-Objective Optimization, pp. 115–139. Springer, Singapore (2018)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  11. Schneider, C.M., Moreira, A.A., Andrade, J.S., Havlin, S., Herrmann, H.J.: Mitigation of malicious attacks on networks. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 108(10), 3838–3841 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Qiu, T., Zhao, A., Xia, F., Si, W., Wu, D.O.: ROSE: robustness strategy for scale-free wireless sensor networks. IEEE/ACM Trans. Netw. 25(5), 2944–2959 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Wang, X., Zhou, W., Li, R., Cao, J., Lin, X.: Improving robustness of interdependent networks by a new coupling strategy. Physica A Stat. Mech. Appl. 492, 1075–1080 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Zhou, M., Liu, J.: A two-phase multiobjective evolutionary algorithm for enhancing the robustness of scale-free networks against multiple malicious attacks. IEEE Trans. Cybern. 47(2), 539–552 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Ma, J., Zhichao, J.: Cascading failure model of scale-free networks for avoiding edge failure. Peer-to-Peer Netw. Appl. 12(6), 1627–1637 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Shihong, H., Li, G.: TMSE: a topology modification strategy to enhance the robustness of scale-free wireless sensor networks. Comput. Commun. 157, 53–63 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Qiu, T., Lu, Z., Li, K., Xue, G., Wu, D.O.: An adaptive robustness evolution algorithm with self-competition for scale-free internet of things. In: IEEE INFOCOM 2020-IEEE Conference on Computer Communications, pp. 2106–2115. IEEE (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Zhou, M., Liu, J.: A memetic algorithm for enhancing the robustness of scale-free networks against malicious attacks. Physica A Stat. Mech. Appl. 410, 131–143 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Qiu, T., Liu, J., Si, W., Han, M., Ning, H., Atiquzzaman, M.: A data-driven robustness algorithm for the internet of things in smart cities. IEEE Commun. Mag. 55(12), 18–23 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Qureshi, T.N., Javaid, N., Almogren, A., Abubaker, Z., Almajed, H., Mohiuddin, I.: Attack resistance based topology robustness of scale-free Internet of Things for smart cities

    Google Scholar 

  21. Peng, G., Jun, W.: Optimal network topology for structural robustness based on natural connectivity. Physica A Stat. Mech. Appl. 443, 212–220 (2016)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  22. Qiu, T., Luo, D., Xia, F., Deonauth, N., Si, W., Tolba, A.: A greedy model with small world for improving the robustness of heterogeneous internet of things. Comput. Netw. 101, 127–143 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Strumberger, I., Beko, M., Tuba, M., Minovic, M., Bacanin, N.: Elephant herding optimization algorithm for wireless sensor network localization problem. In: Doctoral Conference on Computing, Electrical and Industrial Systems, pp. 175–184. Springer (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Qureshi, T.N., Javaid, N., Almogren, A., Khan, A.U., Almajed, H., Mohiuddin, I.: An adaptive enhanced differential evolution strategies for topology robustness in Internet of Things

    Google Scholar 

  25. Zhang, X.-J., Guo-Qiang, X., Zhu, Y.-B., Xia, Y.-X.: Cascade-robustness optimization of coupling preference in interconnected networks. Chaos Solitons Fractals 92, 123–129 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Chen, N., Qiu, T., Zhou, X., Li, K., Atiquzzaman, M.: An intelligent robust networking mechanism for the Internet of Things. IEEE Commun. Mag. 57(11), 91–95 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Rong, L., Liu, J.: A heuristic algorithm for enhancing the robustness of scale-free networks based on edge classification. Physica A Stat. Mech. Appl. 503, 503–515 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Hussain, B., Hasan, Q.U., Javaid, N., Guizani, M., Almogren, A., Alamri, A.: An innovative heuristic algorithm for IoT-enabled smart homes for developing countries. IEEE Access 6, 15550–15575 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Chen, N., Qiu, T., Chaoxu, M., Han, M., Zhou, P.: Deep actor-critic learning-based robustness enhancement of Internet of Things. IEEE Internet Things J. 7(7), 6191–6200 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Xuan, Q., Shan, Y., Wang, J., Ruan, Z., Chen, G.: Adversarial attacks to scale-free networks: testing the robustness of physical criteria. arXiv preprint arXiv:2002.01249 (2020)

  31. Safaei, F., Yeganloo, H., Akbar, R.: Robustness on topology reconfiguration of complex networks: an entropic approach. Math. Comput. Simul. 170, 379–409 (2020)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  32. Ain, Q.-U., Iqbal, S., Khan, S.A., Malik, A.W., Ahmad, I., Javaid, N.: IoT operating system based fuzzy inference system for home energy management system in smart buildings. Sensors 18(9), 2802 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Wang, S., Liu, J.: Designing comprehensively robust networks against intentional attacks and cascading failures. Inf. Sci. 478, 125–140 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Xu, S., Xia, Y., Ouyang, M.: Effect of resource allocation to the recovery of scale-free networks during cascading failures. Physica A Stat. Mech. Appl. 540, 123157 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Zheng, G., Liu, Q.: Scale-free topology evolution for wireless sensor networks. Comput. Electr. Eng. 39(6), 1779–1788 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Liu, W., Gong, M., Wang, S., Ma, L.: A two-level learning strategy based memetic algorithm for enhancing community robustness of networks. Inf. Sci. 422, 290–304 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Qiu, T., Liu, J., Si, W., Wu, D.O.: Robustness optimization scheme with multi-population co-evolution for scale-free wireless sensor networks. IEEE/ACM Trans. Netw. 27(3), 1028–1042 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Sabidussi, G.: The centrality index of a graph. Psychometrika 31(4), 581–603 (1966)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  39. Bonacich, P.: Power and centrality: a family of measures. Am. J. Sociol. 92(5), 1170–1182 (1987)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Abbas, S.M., Javaid, N., Usman, M., Baig, S.M., Malik, A., Rehman, A.U. (2022). An Efficient Approach to Enhance the Robustness of Scale-Free Networks. In: Barolli, L., Yim, K., Chen, HC. (eds) Innovative Mobile and Internet Services in Ubiquitous Computing. IMIS 2021. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol 279. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-79728-7_9

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics