{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2156375130","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1053283.1053286","title":"Randomized instruction set emulation","display_name":"Randomized instruction set emulation","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2156375130","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1053283.1053286","mag":"2156375130"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1053283.1053286","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2642811","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Information and System Security","issn_l":"1094-9224","issn":["1094-9224","1557-7406"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false},"type":"article","type_crossref":"journal-article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://www.cs.unm.edu/~darko/papers/p3-barrantes.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074264278","display_name":"Elena Gabriela Barrantes","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169521973","display_name":"University of New Mexico","ror":"https://ror.org/05fs6jp91","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169521973"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elena Gabriela Barrantes","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169521973"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014696096","display_name":"David H. Ackley","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169521973","display_name":"University of New Mexico","ror":"https://ror.org/05fs6jp91","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169521973"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David H. Ackley","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169521973"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114376382","display_name":"Stephanie Forrest","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5904-1646"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169521973","display_name":"University of New Mexico","ror":"https://ror.org/05fs6jp91","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169521973"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephanie Forrest","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169521973"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103204365","display_name":"Darko Stefanovi\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5619-3599"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169521973","display_name":"University of New Mexico","ror":"https://ror.org/05fs6jp91","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169521973"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Darko Stefanovi\u0107","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169521973"]}]}],"institution_assertions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.678,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":148,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.966761,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"1","first_page":"3","last_page":"40"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Characterization and Detection of Android Malware","score":0.9995,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Characterization and Detection of Android Malware","score":0.9995,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Language-based Information Flow Security","score":0.9994,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11005","display_name":"Fault Tolerance in Electronic Systems","score":0.9962,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/executable","display_name":"Executable","score":0.8140166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.59343326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unreachable-code","display_name":"Unreachable code","score":0.5084673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-code","display_name":"Machine code","score":0.49470326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trusted-execution-environment","display_name":"Trusted Execution Environment","score":0.492562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/guard","display_name":"Guard (computer science)","score":0.44854918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dead-code","display_name":"Dead code","score":0.42930576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blocking","display_name":"Blocking (statistics)","score":0.42893803}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8664353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160145156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q778586","display_name":"Executable","level":2,"score":0.8140166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149810388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5374873","display_name":"Emulation","level":2,"score":0.6564613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.59343326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.54502654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50951305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2482534","display_name":"Unreachable code","level":5,"score":0.5084673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115168132","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55813","display_name":"Machine code","level":3,"score":0.49470326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151578736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1251793","display_name":"Redundant code","level":4,"score":0.4916528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.49042794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43126263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128751","display_name":"Source code","level":2,"score":0.44906372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141141315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2379942","display_name":"Guard (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.44854918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47434764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1770035","display_name":"Dead code","level":5,"score":0.42930576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144745244","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927286","display_name":"Blocking (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.42893803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133162039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1061077","display_name":"Code generation","level":3,"score":0.38424042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.277133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169590947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47506","display_name":"Compiler","level":2,"score":0.1873819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.112353146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1053283.1053286","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2642811","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Information and System Security","issn_l":"1094-9224","issn":["1094-9224","1557-7406"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false},{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.76.9705","pdf_url":"http://www.cs.unm.edu/~darko/papers/p3-barrantes.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400349","display_name":"CiteSeer X (The Pennsylvania State University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","host_organization_name":"Pennsylvania State University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Pennsylvania State University"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false}],"best_oa_location":{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.76.9705","pdf_url":"http://www.cs.unm.edu/~darko/papers/p3-barrantes.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400349","display_name":"CiteSeer X (The Pennsylvania State University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","host_organization_name":"Pennsylvania State University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Pennsylvania State University"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"grants":[],"datasets":[],"versions":[],"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W130708379","https://openalex.org/W1496849560","https://openalex.org/W1499992849","https://openalex.org/W1514171102","https://openalex.org/W1535713556","https://openalex.org/W1537077670","https://openalex.org/W1542021705","https://openalex.org/W1542906860","https://openalex.org/W1545927878","https://openalex.org/W1546149892","https://openalex.org/W1579850852","https://openalex.org/W1587981097","https://openalex.org/W1596549943","https://openalex.org/W1648477960","https://openalex.org/W1655226010","https://openalex.org/W1666083638","https://openalex.org/W1825457006","https://openalex.org/W1860599327","https://openalex.org/W1998285060","https://openalex.org/W2061985207","https://openalex.org/W2072737419","https://openalex.org/W2086277109","https://openalex.org/W2090181646","https://openalex.org/W2101699859","https://openalex.org/W2108860402","https://openalex.org/W2111817346","https://openalex.org/W2117115928","https://openalex.org/W2120138937","https://openalex.org/W2133201251","https://openalex.org/W2140611647","https://openalex.org/W2150277819","https://openalex.org/W2155497473","https://openalex.org/W2158050583","https://openalex.org/W2159609017","https://openalex.org/W2162986442","https://openalex.org/W2164184702","https://openalex.org/W2171264329","https://openalex.org/W2180474751","https://openalex.org/W2232321456","https://openalex.org/W2479612266","https://openalex.org/W2914982603","https://openalex.org/W2978757628","https://openalex.org/W3035757797","https://openalex.org/W3196007370","https://openalex.org/W3210725047","https://openalex.org/W4236561491","https://openalex.org/W4249968242","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4381612226"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W632311702","https://openalex.org/W4245640102","https://openalex.org/W4236262624","https://openalex.org/W4232768799","https://openalex.org/W2912292513","https://openalex.org/W2123574549","https://openalex.org/W2028894674","https://openalex.org/W1777501891","https://openalex.org/W1493727516","https://openalex.org/W116913286"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Injecting":[0],"binary":[1,51,95],"code":[2,25,52,96,112,117,134],"into":[3,55],"a":[4,8,16,33,41,56,81,122],"running":[5,58],"program":[6,57],"is":[7,32,53],"common":[9],"form":[10],"of":[11,24,36,44,131,149],"attack.":[12],"Most":[13],"defenses":[14],"employ":[15],"\u201cguard":[17],"the":[18,71,86,129,150],"doors\u201d":[19],"approach,":[20],"blocking":[21],"known":[22],"mechanisms":[23],"injection.":[26],"Randomized":[27],"instruction":[28],"set":[29],"emulation":[30],"(RISE)":[31],"complementary":[34],"method":[35],"defense,":[37],"one":[38],"that":[39],"performs":[40],"hidden":[42],"randomization":[43],"an":[45],"application's":[46],"machine":[47],"code.":[48,108],"If":[49],"foreign":[50],"injected":[54,111],"under":[59],"RISE,":[60,79,110],"it":[61,67],"will":[62,68],"not":[63,69],"be":[64],"executable":[65],"because":[66],"know":[70],"proper":[72],"randomization.":[73],"The":[74,91,142],"paper":[75,143],"describes":[76],"and":[77,121,140,147],"analyzes":[78],"describing":[80],"proof-of-concept":[82],"implementation":[83],"built":[84],"on":[85,135],"open-source":[87],"Valgrind":[88],"IA32-to-IA32":[89],"translator.":[90],"prototype":[92],"effectively":[93],"disrupts":[94],"injection":[97],"attacks,":[98],"without":[99],"requiring":[100],"recompilation,":[101],"linking,":[102],"or":[103],"access":[104],"to":[105],"application":[106],"source":[107],"Under":[109],"(attacks)":[113],"essentially":[114],"executes":[115],"random":[116,133],"sequences.":[118],"Empirical":[119],"studies":[120],"theoretical":[123],"model":[124],"are":[125],"reported":[126],"which":[127],"treat":[128],"effects":[130],"executing":[132],"two":[136],"different":[137],"architectures":[138],"(IA32":[139],"PowerPC).":[141],"discusses":[144],"possible":[145],"extensions":[146],"applications":[148],"RISE":[151],"technique":[152],"in":[153],"other":[154],"contexts.":[155]},"cited_by_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2156375130","counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":11}],"updated_date":"2024-10-25T13:35:28.127470","created_date":"2016-06-24"}
