{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3015926726","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vnc48660.2019.9062819","title":"CAN Radar: Sensing Physical Devices in CAN Networks based on Time Domain Reflectometry","display_name":"CAN Radar: Sensing Physical Devices in CAN Networks based on Time Domain Reflectometry","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3015926726","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vnc48660.2019.9062819","mag":"3015926726"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vnc48660.2019.9062819","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false},"type":"preprint","type_crossref":"proceedings-article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/1910.02847","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065255148","display_name":"Marcel Rumez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4549-086X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70886390","display_name":"Karlsruhe University of Applied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/01c0m1t63","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70886390"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marcel Rumez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Karlsruhe University of Applied Sciences, Institute of Energy Efficient Mobility, International University, Campus 3, Bruchsal, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Karlsruhe University of Applied Sciences, Institute of Energy Efficient Mobility, International University, Campus 3, Bruchsal, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70886390"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062088024","display_name":"J\u00fcrgen D\u00fcrrwang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70886390","display_name":"Karlsruhe University of Applied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/01c0m1t63","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70886390"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jurgen Durrwang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Karlsruhe University of Applied Sciences, Institute of Energy Efficient Mobility, International University, Campus 3, Bruchsal, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Karlsruhe University of Applied Sciences, Institute of Energy Efficient Mobility, International University, Campus 3, Bruchsal, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70886390"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028554006","display_name":"Tim Brecht","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70886390","display_name":"Karlsruhe University of Applied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/01c0m1t63","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70886390"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tim Brecht","raw_affiliation_strings":["Karlsruhe University of Applied Sciences, Institute of Energy Efficient Mobility, International University, Campus 3, Bruchsal, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Karlsruhe University of Applied Sciences, Institute of Energy Efficient Mobility, International University, Campus 3, Bruchsal, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70886390"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011760180","display_name":"Timo Steinshorn","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70886390","display_name":"Karlsruhe University of Applied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/01c0m1t63","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70886390"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Timo Steinshorn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Karlsruhe University of Applied Sciences, Institute of Energy Efficient Mobility, International University, Campus 3, Bruchsal, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Karlsruhe University of Applied Sciences, Institute of Energy Efficient Mobility, International University, Campus 3, Bruchsal, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70886390"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039507292","display_name":"P. Neugebauer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9671-9997"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70886390","display_name":"Karlsruhe University of Applied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/01c0m1t63","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70886390"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Neugebauer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Karlsruhe University of Applied Sciences, Institute of Energy Efficient Mobility, International University, Campus 3, Bruchsal, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Karlsruhe University of Applied Sciences, Institute of Energy Efficient Mobility, International University, Campus 3, Bruchsal, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70886390"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078298632","display_name":"Reiner Kriesten","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8599-5999"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70886390","display_name":"Karlsruhe University of Applied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/01c0m1t63","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70886390"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Reiner Kriesten","raw_affiliation_strings":["Karlsruhe University of Applied Sciences, Institute of Energy Efficient Mobility, International University, Campus 3, Bruchsal, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Karlsruhe University of Applied Sciences, Institute of Energy Efficient Mobility, International University, Campus 3, Bruchsal, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70886390"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080457302","display_name":"Eric Sax","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2567-2340"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eric Sax","raw_affiliation_strings":["Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Information Processing Technologies, Engesserstra\u00dfe 5, Karlsruhe, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Information Processing Technologies, Engesserstra\u00dfe 5, Karlsruhe, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]}],"institution_assertions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"fulltext_origin":"pdf","cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.969565,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":86,"max":87},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9994,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9994,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9851,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.9808,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reflectometry","display_name":"Reflectometry","score":0.7272345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/payload","display_name":"Payload (computing)","score":0.7096902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/can-bus","display_name":"CAN bus","score":0.64377755}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.769809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778925768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454718","display_name":"Reflectometry","level":3,"score":0.7272345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134066672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1424639","display_name":"Payload (computing)","level":3,"score":0.7096902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35525427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q745881","display_name":"Intrusion detection system","level":2,"score":0.68004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201762086","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q728183","display_name":"CAN bus","level":2,"score":0.64377755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.54520816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.46719003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.46686387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103824480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185889","display_name":"Time domain","level":2,"score":0.4660441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.44780976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.4193881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.4079697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.33288833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.16623834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.11924639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vnc48660.2019.9062819","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false},{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1910.02847","pdf_url":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/1910.02847","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cornell University"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false},{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.02847","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1910.02847","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cornell University"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false},{"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://api.datacite.org/dois/10.48550/arxiv.1910.02847","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393179698","display_name":"DataCite API","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210145204","host_organization_name":"DataCite","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145204"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["DataCite"],"type":"metadata"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null}],"best_oa_location":{"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1910.02847","pdf_url":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/1910.02847","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cornell University"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"grants":[],"datasets":[],"versions":["https://openalex.org/W2978065494","https://openalex.org/W3015926726"],"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1530890989","https://openalex.org/W1546395807","https://openalex.org/W1602359996","https://openalex.org/W2020141429","https://openalex.org/W2072724180","https://openalex.org/W2125864339","https://openalex.org/W2161630727","https://openalex.org/W2165695298","https://openalex.org/W2220479913","https://openalex.org/W2752558064","https://openalex.org/W2798401351","https://openalex.org/W2805391749","https://openalex.org/W2891250288","https://openalex.org/W2906515322","https://openalex.org/W2935839804","https://openalex.org/W2952874307","https://openalex.org/W2963804058","https://openalex.org/W4226321268","https://openalex.org/W4238390906","https://openalex.org/W4247935997","https://openalex.org/W4253472803","https://openalex.org/W567881581"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4247269142","https://openalex.org/W3184095098","https://openalex.org/W3046000334","https://openalex.org/W2396133027","https://openalex.org/W2169212713","https://openalex.org/W2117233788","https://openalex.org/W2084522216","https://openalex.org/W2021460492","https://openalex.org/W1965835773","https://openalex.org/W1493885512"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"presence":[1],"of":[2,22,127],"security":[3,33],"vulnerabilities":[4],"in":[5,15,114],"automotive":[6],"networks":[7,108],"has":[8],"already":[9],"been":[10],"shown":[11],"by":[12],"various":[13],"publications":[14],"recent":[16],"years.":[17],"Due":[18],"to":[19,38,46,52,83,100,106],"the":[20,23,135,140],"specification":[21],"Controller":[24],"Area":[25],"Network":[26],"(CAN)":[27],"as":[28,62,64],"a":[29,57,159],"broadcast":[30],"medium":[31],"without":[32,42],"mechanisms,":[34],"attackers":[35,55,102],"are":[36,70,76,81],"able":[37,82],"read":[39],"transmitted":[40],"messages":[41],"being":[43],"noticed":[44],"and":[45,109,133,143],"inject":[47],"malicious":[48],"messages.":[49],"In":[50,117],"order":[51],"detect":[53,84,101],"potential":[54],"within":[56],"network":[58,89],"or":[59,93],"software":[60],"system":[61],"early":[63],"possible,":[65],"Intrusion":[66],"Detection":[67],"Systems":[68],"(IDSs)":[69],"prevalent.":[71],"Many":[72],"approaches":[73],"for":[74],"vehicles":[75],"based":[77,147],"on":[78,148,158],"techniques":[79],"which":[80],"deviations":[85],"from":[86],"specified":[87],"CAN":[88,107,131],"behaviour":[90],"regarding":[91],"protocol":[92],"payload":[94],"properties.":[95],"However,":[96],"it":[97],"is":[98,125],"challenging":[99],"who":[103],"secretly":[104],"connect":[105],"do":[110],"not":[111],"actively":[112],"participate":[113],"bus":[115],"traffic.":[116],"this":[118],"paper,":[119],"we":[120],"present":[121],"an":[122],"approach":[123,157],"that":[124],"capable":[126],"successfully":[128],"detecting":[129],"unknown":[130],"devices":[132],"determining":[134],"distance":[136],"(cable":[137],"length)":[138],"between":[139],"attacker":[141],"device":[142],"our":[144,156],"sensing":[145],"unit":[146],"Time":[149],"Domain":[150],"Reflectometry":[151],"(TDR)":[152],"technique.":[153],"We":[154],"evaluated":[155],"real":[160],"vehicle":[161],"network.":[162]},"cited_by_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3015926726","counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2024-12-06T11:50:51.533928","created_date":"2020-04-17"}
