{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,19]],"date-time":"2024-09-19T16:33:52Z","timestamp":1726763632279},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,26]],"date-time":"2023-10-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698278400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["12175322"],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Entropy"],"abstract":"Plasmas confined in a dipole magnetic field widely exist in both space and laboratories, and this kind of plasma draws much attention from researchers both in plasma physics and in space science. In this paper, the characteristics of the collisionless electrostatic instability of the entropy mode in a dipole-magnetic-confined plasma are simulated with the linear gyrokinetic model. It is found that the entropy mode can be generated in dipole-magnetic-confined plasmas, and there are two typical stages of the entropy mode, with another transitional stage at different values of \u03b7. The main instability changes from the ion diamagnetic drift to the electronic diamagnetic drift as \u03b7 becomes larger. In addition, the MHD mode predicts that the most stable point is at \u03b7~2\/3 when k\u22a5\u03c1i << 1. However, we find that \u03b7 and k\u22a5\u03c1i are coupled with each other, and the most stable point of the mode moves gradually to \u03b7~1 as k\u22a5\u03c1i increases. There is a peak value for the entropy mode growth rate around k\u22a5\u03c1i~1.0, and more complicated modes are induced so that the dispersion relation has been changed when the driving force of the plasma pressure gradient effect is obvious. For example, the characteristics of the interchange-like modes gradually emerge when the driving effect of the plasma pressure becomes stronger. Further investigations should be taken to reveal the characteristics of the entropy mode in magnetospheric plasmas.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/e25111481","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,26]],"date-time":"2023-10-26T10:20:16Z","timestamp":1698315616000},"page":"1481","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Simulations of the Characteristics of the Entropy Mode in Dipole-Magnetic-Confined Plasmas"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Liang","family":"Qian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China"}]},{"given":"Zhibin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China"}]},{"given":"Aohua","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China"},{"name":"Laboratory for Space Environment and Physical Sciences, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Yv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China"}]},{"given":"Qiuyue","family":"Nie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Space Environment and Physical Sciences, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China"},{"name":"School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China"}]},{"given":"Xiaogang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China"},{"name":"Laboratory for Space Environment and Physical Sciences, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1007\/s10894-007-9118-x","article-title":"Density profiles in the levitated dipole experiment","volume":"27","author":"Boxer","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. 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Plasmas"}],"container-title":["Entropy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1099-4300\/25\/11\/1481\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,26]],"date-time":"2023-10-26T10:32:35Z","timestamp":1698316355000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1099-4300\/25\/11\/1481"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,26]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]}},"alternative-id":["e25111481"],"URL":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.3390\/e25111481","relation":{},"ISSN":["1099-4300"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1099-4300","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,26]]}}}
