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Currently, he is a Ph.D. student with the Graduate Institute of Computer and Communication Engineering in National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan. His current research interests include pattern recognition, machine learning, and deep learning for designs of smart systems.Y-C Chen received a B.S. degree in Electrical Engineering and an M.S. degree in Computer and Communication Engineering from the National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, in 2014 and 2016, respectively. Her current research interests include face recognition and machine learning.P-C Chung received a Ph.D. degree in Electrical Engineering from Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA, in 1991. She was with the Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University (NCKU), Tainan, Taiwan, in 1991 and became a Full Professor in 1996. She applies most of her research results to healthcare and medical applications. Dr. Chung is a member of the Phi Tau Phi Honor Society, was a member of the Board of Governors of CAS Society from 2007 to 2009 and from 2010 to 2012, and is currently an ADCOM Member of the IEEE CIS and the Chair of CIS Distinguished Lecturer Program. She also is an Associate Editor of IEEE Transaction on Neural Networks and the Editor of Journal of Information Science and Engineering, the Guest Editor of Journal of High Speed Network, the Guest Editor of IEEE Transaction on Circuits and Systems-I, and the Secretary General of Biomedical Engineering Society of China. She is one of the Co-Founders of Medical Image Standard Association (MISA) in Taiwan and is currently on the Board of Directors of MISA. Her research interests include image\/video analysis and pattern recognition, bio signal analysis, computer vision, and computational intelligence. She is an IEEE fellow.J-F Yang received a Ph.D. degree in Electrical Engineering from the University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA, in 1988. He joined the National Cheng Kung University (NCKU), Taiwan, in 1988 and was promoted to Distinguished Professor in 2004. Dr. Yang was the Distinguished Lecturer in the Program by the IEEE Circuits and Systems Society (CAS) from 2004 to 2005. He was the Chair of the IEEE CAS Multimedia Systems and Applications Technical Committee from 2008 to 2009. He was an Associate Editor of IEEE Transaction on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology and EURASIP Journal of Advances in Signal Processing. He is an IEEE Fellow. Currently, he is an Associate Editor of IET Signal Processing. He was a recipient of the NSC Excellent Research Award in Taiwan in 2008. He has published over 135 journals and 216 conference papers. Currently, his research interests include multimedia processing, coding, and recognition.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Authors\u2019 information"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Publisher\u2019s Note"}}],"article-number":"51"}}
