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Chinese character skeleton extraction is an important step in the intelligent evaluation algorithm of calligraphic characters. The skeletons of Chinese characters extracted by traditional refinement algorithms are prone to redundant branches and deformed skeletons, which can lead to skeleton extraction results that do not conform to the topology of the original character. In this study, the focus lies on hard\u2010pen regular script, and skeleton repair and extraction are performed for these characters. According to the writing characteristics of regular script, the redundant burs are removed and the deformation zone of the thinned skeleton is detected, and then the idea of first splitting is used, then restructuring, to propose a skeleton extraction algorithm based on stroke characterization and ambiguous zone detection for hard\u2010pen regular script, referred to as SCAD. First, a thinning algorithm is used to extract the skeleton of Chinese characters and remove redundant pixels. By analyzing the stroke characteristics of regular script, the burrs are classified and different conditions are set to detect and remove the burrs. Then the ambiguous zones are detected according to the different kinds of junction points. Then, curvature, stroke width and direction deviation are used to analyze the continuity of stroke segments, and the decision function is used to classify the stroke segments. Finally, the stroke segments with optimal pairings were compensated by interpolation according to the direction trend. This concludes the skeleton extraction. Skeleton extraction is performed on 1000 sample characters, and the SCAD algorithm can extract the skeleton of Chinese characters with an accuracy of up to 98.37%. It is proved that the SCAD method proposed here is a practical and effective method to extract the skeleton of hard\u2010pen regular script.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1049\/ipr2.13044","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,7]],"date-time":"2024-02-07T08:45:33Z","timestamp":1707295533000},"page":"1504-1515","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Skeleton extraction of hard\u2010pen regular script based on stroke characterization and ambiguous zone detection"],"prefix":"10.1049","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Zhanyang","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Software Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Nanjing China"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-5879-0383","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Feiyang","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Software Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Nanjing China"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-8278-8760","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ningyang","family":"Xiong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Software Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Nanjing China"}]},{"given":"Hongyan","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Software Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Nanjing China"}]},{"given":"Jiarui","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Nanjing China"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanjing Technology R&D Center of Jiangsu Children's Spring Interconnection Education Technology Co. 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