iBet uBet web content aggregator. Adding the entire web to your favor.
iBet uBet web content aggregator. Adding the entire web to your favor.



Link to original content: https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1007/978-3-031-63536-6_14
{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,17]],"date-time":"2024-07-17T00:24:25Z","timestamp":1721175865538},"publisher-location":"Cham","reference-count":45,"publisher":"Springer Nature Switzerland","isbn-type":[{"value":"9783031635359","type":"print"},{"value":"9783031635366","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,17]],"date-time":"2024-07-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721174400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":198,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Bayesian Belief Networks (BBNs) are gaining traction in practical fields such as law and medicine. Given this growing relevance, it is imperative to make Bayesian methodologies accessible to professionals in these fields, many of whom might lack formal training in probability calculus. Argumentation offers a promising avenue to achieve this. It serves a dual purpose: (i) generating an explanation of the important reasoning steps that occur in Bayesian inference and (ii) exploring the structure of complex problems, which can help to elicit a BBN representation. Since Bayesian probabilistic inference also provides clear normative criteria for argument quality, there is a tight conceptual connection between the argumentative structure of a problem and its representation as a BBN. The primary challenge is representing the argumentative structure that renders BBN inference transparent to non-experts. Here, we examine algorithmic approaches to extract argument structures from BBNs. We critically review three algorithms - each distinguished by its unique methodology in extracting and evaluating arguments. We show why these algorithms still fall short when it comes to elucidating intricate features of BBNs, such as \u201cexplaining away\u201d [44] or other complex interactions between variables. We conclude by diagnosing the core issue and offering a forward-looking suggestion for enhancing representation in future endeavors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-63536-6_14","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,16]],"date-time":"2024-07-16T05:01:50Z","timestamp":1721106110000},"page":"237-252","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["From Networks to\u00a0Narratives: Bayes Nets and\u00a0the\u00a0Problems of\u00a0Argumentation"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Anita","family":"Keshmirian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Rafael","family":"Fuchs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Stephan","family":"Hartmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ulrike","family":"Hahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"14_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1037\/a0016533","volume":"15","author":"A Corner","year":"2009","unstructured":"Corner, A., Hahn, U.: Evaluating science arguments: evidence, uncertainty, and argument strength. J. Exp. Psychol. Appl. 15(3), 199 (2009)","journal-title":"J. Exp. Psychol. Appl."},{"issue":"16","key":"14_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3579","DOI":"10.1007\/s11229-012-0211-y","volume":"190","author":"A Corner","year":"2013","unstructured":"Corner, A., Hahn, U.: Normative theories of argumentation: are some norms better than others? Synthese 190(16), 3579\u20133610 (2013)","journal-title":"Synthese"},{"key":"14_CR3","unstructured":"Coutts, A.: Balancing the validity and viability of Bayesian belief networks for the study of national strategic decisions. In: 22nd National Conference of the Australian Operations Research Society. ASOR, Adelaide (2013)"},{"key":"14_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cruz, N., et al.: Widening access to Bayesian problem-solving. Front. Psychol. 11, 660 (2020)","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2020.00660"},{"key":"14_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.9.3.458","volume":"9","author":"N Dalkey","year":"1963","unstructured":"Dalkey, N., Helmer, O.: An experimental application of the DELPHI method to the use of experts. Manage. Sci. 9, 458\u2013467 (1963)","journal-title":"Manage. Sci."},{"key":"14_CR6","unstructured":"Dewitt, S., Lagnado, D., Fenton, N.: Updating prior beliefs based on ambiguous evidence. In: Liefgreen et al., pp. 2047\u20132052 (2018)"},{"key":"14_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"van Eeemeren, F.H., Grootendorst, R.: A systematic theory of argumentation. In: The Pragma-Dialectical Approach. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2004)","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511616389"},{"issue":"5","key":"14_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1037\/rev0000114","volume":"125","author":"B Eva","year":"2018","unstructured":"Eva, B., Hartmann, S.: Bayesian argumentation and the value of logical validity. Psychol. Rev. 125(5), 806\u2013821 (2018)","journal-title":"Psychol. Rev."},{"issue":"514","key":"14_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1093\/mind\/fzz025","volume":"129","author":"B Eva","year":"2020","unstructured":"Eva, B., Hartmann, S., Rad, S.R.: Learning from conditionals. Mind 129(514), 461\u2013508 (2020)","journal-title":"Mind"},{"key":"14_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1833","DOI":"10.1007\/s11229-015-0815-0","volume":"193","author":"U Hahn","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hahn, U., Hornikx, J.: A normative framework for argument quality: argumentation schemes with a Bayesian foundation. Synthese 193, 1833\u20131873 (2016)","journal-title":"Synthese"},{"key":"14_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1007\/s11229-005-5233-2","volume":"152","author":"U Hahn","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hahn, U., Oaksford, M.: A Bayesian approach to informal argument fallacies. Synthese 152, 207\u2013236 (2006)","journal-title":"Synthese"},{"key":"14_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.114.3.704","volume":"114","author":"U Hahn","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hahn, U., Oaksford, M.: The rationality of informal argumentation: a Bayesian approach to reasoning fallacies. Psychol. Rev. 114, 704\u2013732 (2007)","journal-title":"Psychol. Rev."},{"key":"14_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hahn, U., Oaksford, M.: Rational argument. In: Morrison and Holyoak (eds.) Oxford Handbook of Thinking and Reasoning, pp. 277\u2013298. Oxford University Press, Oxford (2012)","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordhb\/9780199734689.013.0015"},{"key":"14_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2020.01.004","volume":"24","author":"U Hahn","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hahn, U.: Argument quality in real-world argumentation. Trends Cogn. Sci. 24, 363\u2013374 (2020)","journal-title":"Trends Cogn. Sci."},{"key":"14_CR15","volume-title":"Fallacies","author":"CL Hamblin","year":"1970","unstructured":"Hamblin, C.L.: Fallacies. Methuen, London (1970)"},{"key":"14_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Heckerman, D.: A tutorial on learning with Bayesian networks. In: Innovations in Bayesian Networks: Theory and Applications, pp. 33\u201382 (2008)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-85066-3_3"},{"issue":"1\u20134","key":"14_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1093\/lpr\/mgm005","volume":"6","author":"AB Hepler","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hepler, A.B., Dawid, A.P., Leucari, V.: Object-oriented graphical representations of complex patterns of evidence. Law Prob. Risk 6(1\u20134), 275\u2013293 (2007)","journal-title":"Law Prob. Risk"},{"key":"14_CR18","unstructured":"Jeffrey, R.C.: The Logic of Decision. McGraw-Hill Series in Probability and Statistics, 2nd edn. McGraw-Hill, New York; University of Chicago Press, Chicago (1983)"},{"issue":"2","key":"14_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1007\/s10506-012-9121-z","volume":"20","author":"J Keppens","year":"2012","unstructured":"Keppens, J.: Argument diagram extraction from evidential Bayesian networks. Artif. Intell. Law 20(2), 109\u2013143 (2012)","journal-title":"Artif. Intell. Law"},{"key":"14_CR20","unstructured":"Koiter, J.R.: Visualizing inference in Bayesian networks. Master\u2019s Thesis, Department of Computer Science, Delft University of Technology (2006)"},{"key":"14_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/b10391","volume-title":"Bayesian Artificial Intelligence","author":"KB Korb","year":"2010","unstructured":"Korb, K.B., Nicholson, A.E.: Bayesian Artificial Intelligence. CRC Press (2010)"},{"key":"14_CR22","volume-title":"Probabilistic Graphical Models: Principles and Techniques","author":"D Koller","year":"2009","unstructured":"Koller, D., Friedman, N.: Probabilistic Graphical Models: Principles and Techniques. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA (2009)"},{"key":"14_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511571350","volume-title":"The Skills of Argument","author":"D Kuhn","year":"1991","unstructured":"Kuhn, D.: The Skills of Argument. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1991)"},{"key":"14_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134026","volume":"697","author":"M Laurila","year":"2019","unstructured":"Laurila, M., M\u00e4ntyniemi, S., Venesj\u00e4rvi, R., Lehikoinen, A.: Incorporating stakeholders\u2019 values into environmental decision support: a Bayesian Belief Network approach. Sci. Total Environ. 697, 134026 (2019)","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"14_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780198522195.001.0001","volume-title":"Graphical Models","author":"SL Lauritzen","year":"1996","unstructured":"Lauritzen, S.L.: Graphical Models, vol. 17. Clarendon Press, Oxford (1996)"},{"key":"14_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McConachy, R., Korb, K.B., Zukerman, I.: A Bayesian approach to automating argumentation. In: New Methods in Language Processing and Computational Natural Language Learning (1998)","DOI":"10.3115\/1603899.1603917"},{"key":"14_CR27","unstructured":"McConachy, R., Zukerman, I.: Dialogue Requirements for Argumentation Systems. Link\u00f6ping University Electronic Press (1999)"},{"key":"14_CR28","first-page":"125","volume":"122","author":"R Nagarajan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nagarajan, R., Scutari, M., L\u00e8bre, S.: Bayesian Networks in R. Springer 122, 125\u2013127 (2013)","journal-title":"Springer"},{"key":"14_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nyberg, E.P., et al.: BARD: a structured technique for group elicitation of Bayesian networks to support analytic reasoning. Risk Anal. 42, 1155\u20131178 (2022)","DOI":"10.1111\/risa.13759"},{"key":"14_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1037\/h0085798","volume":"58","author":"M Oaksford","year":"2004","unstructured":"Oaksford, M., Hahn, U.: A Bayesian approach to the argument from ignorance. Can. J. Exp. Psychol. 58, 121\u2013131 (2004)","journal-title":"Can. J. Exp. Psychol."},{"key":"14_CR31","volume-title":"Probabilistic Reasoning in Intelligent Systems: Networks of Plausible Inference","author":"J Pearl","year":"1988","unstructured":"Pearl, J.: Probabilistic Reasoning in Intelligent Systems: Networks of Plausible Inference. Elsevier (1988)"},{"key":"14_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780198732716.001.0001","volume-title":"Accuracy and the Laws of Credence","author":"R Pettigrew","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pettigrew, R.: Accuracy and the Laws of Credence. Oxford University Press, Oxford (2016)"},{"key":"14_CR33","unstructured":"Pilditch, T.D., Fries, A., Lagnado, D.A.: Deception in evidential reasoning: willful deceit or honest mistake? In: Proceedings of the CogSci, pp. 931\u2013937 (2019)"},{"key":"14_CR34","volume-title":"Dialectics: A Controversy-Oriented Approach to the Theory of Knowledge","author":"N Rescher","year":"1977","unstructured":"Rescher, N.: Dialectics: A Controversy-Oriented Approach to the Theory of Knowledge. SUNY Press, Albany (1977)"},{"key":"14_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.3758\/s13421-016-0662-3","volume":"45","author":"B Rehder","year":"2017","unstructured":"Rehder, B., Waldmann, M.R.: Failures of explaining away and screening off in described versus experienced causal learning scenarios. Memory Cognit. 45, 245\u2013260 (2017)","journal-title":"Memory Cognit."},{"issue":"5","key":"14_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1038\/s42256-019-0048-x","volume":"1","author":"C Rudin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rudin, C.: Stop explaining black-box machine learning models for high-stakes decisions and use interpretable models instead. Nat. Mach. Intell. 1(5), 206\u2013215 (2019)","journal-title":"Nat. Mach. Intell."},{"key":"14_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1007\/s11222-019-09857-1","volume":"29","author":"M Scutari","year":"2019","unstructured":"Scutari, M., Vitolo, C., Tucker, A.: Learning Bayesian networks from big data with greedy search: computational complexity and efficient implementation. Stat. Comput. 29, 1095\u20131108 (2019)","journal-title":"Stat. Comput."},{"key":"14_CR38","unstructured":"Sevilla, J.: Finding, scoring, and explaining arguments in Bayesian networks. arXiv preprint arXiv:2112.00799 (2021)"},{"key":"14_CR39","volume-title":"Human-Like Machine Intelligence","author":"M Tesic","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tesic, M., Hahn, U.: Explanation in AI systems. In: Muggleton, S., Chater, N. (eds.) Human-Like Machine Intelligence. Oxford University Press, Oxford (2021)"},{"key":"14_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijar.2016.09.002","volume":"80","author":"ST Timmer","year":"2017","unstructured":"Timmer, S.T., Meyer, J.-J.C., Prakken, H., Renooij, S., Verheij, B.: A two-phase method for extracting explanatory arguments from Bayesian networks. Int. J. Approx. Reason. 80, 475\u2013494 (2017)","journal-title":"Int. J. Approx. Reason."},{"key":"14_CR41","volume-title":"The Uses of Argument","author":"SE Toulmin","year":"1958","unstructured":"Toulmin, S.E.: The Uses of Argument. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1958)"},{"key":"14_CR42","volume-title":"Informal Logic: A Handbook for Critical Argument","author":"DN Walton","year":"1989","unstructured":"Walton, D.N.: Informal Logic: A Handbook for Critical Argument. Cambridge University Press, New York (1989)"},{"key":"14_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3138\/9781487574475","volume-title":"Argument Structure: A Pragmatic Theory","author":"DN Walton","year":"1996","unstructured":"Walton, D.N.: Argument Structure: A Pragmatic Theory. University of Toronto Press, Toronto (1996)"},{"key":"14_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wellman, M.P., Henrion, M.: Explaining \u2018explaining away\u2019. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 15(3), 287\u2013292 (1993)","DOI":"10.1109\/34.204911"},{"key":"14_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4020-2712-3","volume-title":"The Death of Argument: Fallacies in Agent-Based Reasoning","author":"J Woods","year":"2004","unstructured":"Woods, J.: The Death of Argument: Fallacies in Agent-Based Reasoning. Springer, Dordrecht (2004)"}],"container-title":["Lecture Notes in Computer Science","Robust Argumentation Machines"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-031-63536-6_14","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,16]],"date-time":"2024-07-16T05:04:30Z","timestamp":1721106270000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-031-63536-6_14"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"ISBN":["9783031635359","9783031635366"],"references-count":45,"URL":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-031-63536-6_14","relation":{},"ISSN":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0302-9743","type":"print"},{"value":"1611-3349","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"assertion":[{"value":"17 July 2024","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}},{"value":"RATIO","order":1,"name":"conference_acronym","label":"Conference Acronym","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Conference on Advances in Robust Argumentation Machines","order":2,"name":"conference_name","label":"Conference Name","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Bielefeld","order":3,"name":"conference_city","label":"Conference City","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Germany","order":4,"name":"conference_country","label":"Conference Country","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"2024","order":5,"name":"conference_year","label":"Conference Year","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"5 June 2024","order":7,"name":"conference_start_date","label":"Conference Start Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"7 June 2024","order":8,"name":"conference_end_date","label":"Conference End Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"1","order":9,"name":"conference_number","label":"Conference Number","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"ratio2024","order":10,"name":"conference_id","label":"Conference ID","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"http:\/\/ratio.sc.cit-ec.uni-bielefeld.de\/de\/home\/","order":11,"name":"conference_url","label":"Conference URL","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}}]}}