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In this article, we present the functionality and technical implementation of the 2 visualization tools. First, the language\u2010agnostic and extensible Jsvee library helps instructors visualize notional machines and create expression\u2010level program animations for online course materials. Second, instructors can use the Kelmu toolkit to augment automatically generated animations, for instance, by adding annotations such as textual explanations and arrows on top of the original animation. Both of these libraries have been used in introductory programming courses, and there is preliminary evidence that learners find the animations useful and annotated animations change student behavior.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/smr.1924","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,29]],"date-time":"2017-11-29T15:22:38Z","timestamp":1511968958000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Jsvee & Kelmu: Creating and tailoring program animations for computing education"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4415-6966","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teemu","family":"Sirki\u00e4","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science Aalto University Espoo Finland"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2190\/3LFX-9RRF-67T8-UVK9"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8:1","DOI":"10.1145\/2483710.2483713","article-title":"Notional machines and introductory programming education","volume":"13","author":"Sorva J","year":"2013","journal-title":"Trans Comput Educ"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03057267.2014.984506"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvlc.2011.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","volume-title":"Software Visualization: Programming as a Multimedia Experience","author":"Stasko J","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sirki\u00e4T.Exploring expression\u2010level program visualization in CS1. 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