Norwegian

Consonants
There are six plosives:

Symbol		Word			Transcription
	p		hopp			hOp
	b		labb			lAb
	t		lat			lA:t
	d		ladd			lAd
	k		takk			tAk
	g		tagg			tAg

There are six fricatives:

	f		fin			fi:n
	v		vin			vi:n
	s		lass			lAs
	S		skyt			Sy:t
	C		kino			Ci:nu	(not syllable-final)
	j		gi			ji:
	h		ha			hA:

There are five sonorant consonants (nasals, liquids, trills)

	m		lam			lAm
	n		vann			vAn
	N		sang			sAN
	l		fall			fAl
	r		prøv			pr2:v

Vowels
There are 9 long vowels:

	i:		vin			vi:n
	e:		sen			se:n
	{:		vær			v{:r
	A:		hat			hA:t
	y:		lyn			ly:n
	2:		søt			s2:t
	O:		våt			vO:t
	u:		bok			bu:k
	}:		lun			l}:n

and nine short vowels:

	i		vind			vin
	e		send			sen
	{		vært			v{rt
	A		hatt			hAt
	y		lynne			lyne
	2		søtt			s2t
	O		vått			vOt
	u		bukk			buk
	}		lund			l}n

There are seven diphthongs:

	{i		vei			v{i
	2y		høy			h2y
	A}		sau			sA}
	Ai		kai			kAi
	Oy		konvoy			kunvOy
	}i		hui			h}i
	ui		hoi			hui

In addition there are important allophonic variants for which the transcription has been agreed:

	rt		hardt			hArt	(retroflex t)
	rd		verdi			v{rdi:	(retroflex d)
	rl		ærlig			{:rli	(retroflex l)
	rn		garn			gA:rn	(retroflex n)
	rL		blå			brLO:	(retroflex flap)

In cases where the dental consonants do not change into retroflexes, they are transcribed using the separator sign (ASCII 45), e.g.

	r-d		verdig			v{r-di

Norwegian has two contrasting tonemes, but only in stressed syllables. Tone 1 is indicated by the ordinary stress mark, Tone 2 by a doubled stress mark, e.g.

stress and toneme 1	b�nder			"b2n@r		(peasants) 	
stress and toneme 2	b�nner			""b2n@r		(beans)

SAMPA home page, UCL Phonetics and Linguistics home page, University College London home page.

Maintained by J.C. Wells. Created 1995 09 20. Last modified 1999 09 10 (correction to one transcribed word)