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Link to original content: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26959051
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Review
. 2016 Mar 4;8(3):134.
doi: 10.3390/nu8030134.

A Healthy Dietary Pattern Reduces Lung Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Yanlai Sun  1 , Zhenxiang Li  2 , Jianning Li  3 , Zengjun Li  4 , Jianjun Han  5
Affiliations
Review

A Healthy Dietary Pattern Reduces Lung Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Yanlai Sun et al. Nutrients. .

Abstract

Background: Diet and nutrients play an important role in cancer development and progress; a healthy dietary pattern has been found to be associated with several types of cancer. However, the association between a healthy eating pattern and lung cancer risk is still unclear.

Objective: Therefore, we conducted a systematic review with meta-analysis to evaluate whether a healthy eating pattern might reduce lung cancer risk.

Methods: We identified relevant studies from the PubMed and Embase databases up to October 2015, and the relative risks were extracted and combined by the fixed-effects model when no substantial heterogeneity was observed; otherwise, the random-effects model was employed. Subgroup and publication bias analyses were also performed.

Results: Finally, eight observational studies were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled relative risk of lung cancer for the highest vs. lowest category of healthy dietary pattern was 0.81 (95% confidence interval, CI: 0.75-0.86), and no significant heterogeneity was detected. The relative risks (RRs) for non-smokers, former smokers and current smokers were 0.89 (95% CI: 0.63-1.27), 0.74 (95% CI: 0.62-0.89) and 0.86 (95% CI: 0.79-0.93), respectively. The results remained stable in subgroup analyses by other confounders and sensitivity analysis.

Conclusions: The results of our meta-analysis suggest that a healthy dietary pattern is associated with a lower lung cancer risk, and they provide more beneficial evidence for changing the diet pattern in the general population.

Keywords: dietary pattern; lung cancer; meta-analysis; nutrition; risk factors.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow chart of literature search.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Forest plot of heathy dietary pattern and lung cancer risk.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Forest plot of heathy dietary pattern and lung cancer risk, stratified by smoking status.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Funnel plot for all studies included in the meta-analysis.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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