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Plutonium(IV) nitrate

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Plutonium(IV) nitrate
Names
Other names
Plutonium tetranitrate
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
  • InChI=1S/4NO3.Pu/c4*2-1(3)4;/q4*-1;+4
    Key: XOQIPTFXWRJKPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  • (trihydrate): InChI=1S/4NO3.5H2O.Pu/c4*2-1(3)4;;;;;;/h;;;;5*1H2;/q4*-1;;;;;;+4
    Key: OHJOWNGCXJSPGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  • [N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[Pu+4]
  • (pentahydrate): [N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].O.O.O.O.O.[Pu+4]
Properties
Molar mass 492.02
Appearance Dark green crystals (hydrates)
Soluble
Hazards
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards
 Extremely toxic(T+) and radioactive; carcinogen
GHS labelling:
GHS06: Toxic GHS09: Environmental hazard GHS07: Exclamation mark GHS08: Health hazard
Warning
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 4: Very short exposure could cause death or major residual injury. E.g. VX gasFlammability 2: Must be moderately heated or exposed to relatively high ambient temperature before ignition can occur. Flash point between 38 and 93 °C (100 and 200 °F). E.g. diesel fuelInstability 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogenSpecial hazard RA: Radioactive. E.g. plutonium
4
2
0
Special hazard RA: Radioactive. E.g. plutonium
Related compounds
Related compounds
 Neptunium(IV) nitrate
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

Plutonium (IV) nitrate is an inorganic compound, a salt of plutonium and nitric acid with the chemical formula Pu(NO3)4. The compound dissolves in water and forms crystalline hydrates as dark green crystals.[1][2]

Synthesis

[edit]

Crystals of dark green to black-green composition Pu(NO3)4•5H2O precipitate with a slow (months) evaporation of a solution of a plutonium (IV) compound in nitric acid.[3][4]

Physical properties

[edit]

Plutonium (IV) nitrate forms a crystalline hydrate of the composition Pu(NO3)4•5H2O—dark green crystals of rhombic crystal structure, space group F dd2, cell parameters: a = 1.114 nm, b = 2.258 nm, c = 1.051 nm, Z = 8.

Crystalline hydrate melts in its own crystallization water at 95–100 °C.

It dissolves well in nitric acid (dark green solution) and water (brown solution). Also dissolves in acetone and ether.

Chemical properties

[edit]

When heated to 150–180 °C, it decomposes with autooxidation to plutonium (VI) with the formation of plutonyl nitrate (PuO2(NO3)2). Upon evaporation of concentrated nitric acid solutions of plutonium nitrate and alkali metal nitrates, double nitrates of the composition Me2[Pu(NO3)6] are formed, where Me = Cs+, Rb+, K+, Tl+, NH4+, analogous to ceric ammonium nitrate.

Toxicity

[edit]

Plutonium nitrate is both radioactive and extremely toxic due to its high solubility in water.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Allen, P. G.; Veirs, D. K.; Conradson, S. D.; Smith, C. A.; Marsh, S. F. (January 1996). "Characterization of Aqueous Plutonium(IV) Nitrate Complexes by Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure Spectroscopy". Inorganic Chemistry. 35 (10): 2841–2845. doi:10.1021/ic9511231. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
  2. ^ Kubic, William; Jackson, J. (9 March 2012). "A thermodynamic model of plutonium (IV) nitrate solutions". Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry. 293 (2): 601–612. doi:10.1007/s10967-012-1703-4. ISSN 1588-2780. S2CID 94704456. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
  3. ^ Baroncelli, F.; Scibona, G.; Zifferero, M. (1 November 1962). "The extraction of Pu(IV) nitrate by long chain tertiary amines nitrates". Journal of Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry. 24 (5): 541–546. doi:10.1016/0022-1902(62)80241-3. ISSN 0022-1902. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
  4. ^ Nakahara, Masaumi; Kaji, Naoya; Yano, Kimihiko; Shibata, Atsuhiro; Takeuchi, Masayuki; Okano, Masanori; Kuno, Takehiko (2013). "Nitric Acid Concentration Dependence of Dicesium Plutonium(IV) Nitrate Formation during Solution Growth of Uranyl Nitrate Hexahydrate". Journal of Chemical Engineering of Japan. 46: 56–62. doi:10.1252/jcej.12we175. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
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