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Eastern Naval Command

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Eastern Naval Command
Crest of the Eastern Naval Command
Active1 March 1968
Country India
Branch Indian Navy
TypeCommand
HeadquartersVisakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh
Commanders
FOC-in-CVice Admiral Rajesh Pendharkar, AVSM, VSM
FOC Eastern FleetRear Admiral Susheel Menon, VSM

The Eastern Naval Command is one of the three command-level formations of the Indian Navy.[1] It is headquartered in Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh.[2] The command is responsible for the all naval forces in the Bay of Bengal and parts of the Indian Ocean and the naval establishments on the east coast of India.

The Command was established on 1 March 1968.[3][4] The Command is commanded by a Three Star Flag Officer of the rank of Vice Admiral with the title Flag Officer Commanding-in-Chief Eastern Command (FOC-in-C). Vice Admiral Rajesh Pendharkar is the current FOC-in-C ENC, who took over on 1 August 2023.

The HQ of the Eastern Naval Command at Visakhapatnam.

History

[edit]

After the independence and the partition of India on 15 August 1947, the ships and personnel of the Royal Indian Navy were divided between the Dominion of India and the Dominion of Pakistan. The division of the ships was on the basis of two-thirds of the fleet to India, one third to Pakistan.[5]

The Surface Fleet of the Navy was called Indian Fleet and was commanded by the Flag Officer Commanding Indian Fleet (FOCIF). Initially, the shore establishments on the eastern coast were headed by a captain in the appointment of Naval Officer-in-Charge, Vishakapatnam (NOIC).[6] This was subsequently upgraded to the appointment of Commodore East (COMEAST), a One Star appointment. The FOCIF and COMEAST reported into the Chief of the Naval Staff. In July 1967, COMEAST was upgraded to the two-star appointment of Flag Officer, East Coast (FOEC).[7] On 1 March 1968, the Eastern Fleet was also created. With this, the appointment of FOEC was re-designated Flag Officer Commanding-in-Chief Eastern Naval Command (FOC-in-C ENC). The Indian Fleet was split between the Western Fleet and the Eastern Fleet with the Fleet Officer Commanding Eastern Fleet (FOCEF) reporting into the FOC-in-C ENC.[8] On 1 March 1971, Vice Admiral Nilakanta Krishnan took over as FOC-in-C, the first three-star officer to lead the command.[9]

The oldest naval establishment of the Eastern Seaboard was the INS Circars, Visakhapatnam, which was identified as "an important convoy assembly point" for the Royal Indian Navy flotillas. A small Naval Base was established there on 12 December 1939 and the base was designated as HMIS Circars on 12 April 1942.[10] Now, the base is the base depot ship of the Eastern Naval Command. It is the logistics and administrative support establishment of the Command, supporting all ships and units based in Visakhapatnam. As of 2018, the establishment supports 52 additional units with strength of 2,300 sailors and 400 officers, besides accommodating inliving sailors of Circars.[11]

Area of responsibility

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Under the Flag Officer Commanding-in-Chief Eastern Naval Command (FOC-in-C East) is the Flag Officer Commanding Eastern Fleet (FOCEF), Commodore Commanding Submarines (East) (COMCOS (E)), Admiral Superintendent Dockyard for Visakhapatnam, shore establishments, and five Naval Officers-in-Charge (NOICs).

The Eastern naval Command has the states of Andhra Pradesh, Odisha and Tamil Nadu etc., under its area of responsibility.[12]

The FOC-in-C (East) is the submarine operating authority, under whom COMCOS (E) operates. The 11th (Sindhughosh class submarine) and 8th (Foxtrot class) Submarine Squadrons operate under COMCOS (E). INS Virbahu, a submarine base commissioned on 19 May 1971, is the alma mater of the Indian Navy submariners.

INS Jalashwa flagship of Eastern Naval Command

Organization

[edit]

The Eastern Naval Command is organized as follows:[13]

Post Current Holder References
Flag Officer Commanding-in-Chief Vice Admiral Rajesh Pendharkar, AVSM, VSM [14]
Chief of Staff Vice Admiral Sameer Saxena, AVSM, NM [15]
Flag Officer Commanding Eastern Fleet Rear Admiral Susheel Menon, VSM [16]
Flag Officer Commanding Tamil Nadu & Puducherry Naval Area Rear Admiral Ravi Kumar Dhingra, VSM [17]
Flag Officer Submarines Rear Admiral Chetan C Chandegave [18]
Admiral Superintendent Dockyard (ASD) - Visakhapatnam Rear Admiral R. Vijay Sekhar, AVSM, NM [19]
Commodore Commanding Submarines (East) Commodore L. M. Fernandes [20]
[edit]
Admiral DK Joshi, then Chief of the Naval Staff, receiving a guard of honour during a visit to the Eastern Naval Command in November 2013

The headquarters in Visakhapatnam, is also a strategically important dockyard for two nuclear-powered submarines of the Arihant-class submarine. Due to congestion and heavy shipping traffic, a new 20 square km base INS Varsha is being developed for exclusive naval use about 50 km south of Visakhapatnam.

The Eastern Navy fleet is distributed among its bases at Paradip, Tuticorin, Kakinada and Chennai on the east coast, and in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.[12] The Navy has opened its latest naval air base, INS Baaz, at the southernmost tip of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands to secure the strategically important Straits of Malacca, and another naval air station in Kolkata to base an unmanned aerial vehicle squadron.[21][22]

The ex-INS Vikrant as a museum ship in Mumbai.
INS Vikrant during its sea trials
Base City State/Territory Role
INS Circars Visakhapatnam Andhra Pradesh Logistics and Administrative support
INS Dega Naval Air Station
INS Virbahu Submarine base
INS Satavahana Submarine Training Base of the Indian Navy
INHS Kalyani Naval Hospital
INS Kalinga Naval Missile Depot
INS Eksila Marine gas turbine maintenance
INS Karna[23] MARCOS Base
INS Varsha (Under Construction) Rambilli Future submarine base for the ENC
INS Adyar Chennai Tamil Nadu Logistics and Maintenance support
NAE Chennai Naval Air Enclave at Chennai International Airport
INS Parundu Uchipuli Naval Air Station
INS Rajali Arakkonam Naval Air Station
INS Kattabomman Tirunelveli Submarine VLF facility
INS Tuticorin Tuticorin Logistics support
INS Netaji Subhash Kolkata West Bengal Logistics and Administrative support
INS Paradip (Under Construction)[24] Paradip Odisha Forward Operating Base
INS Bhubaneswar (Under Construction) Bhubaneswar Naval Air Enclave

Capabilities

[edit]

In 2005, Eastern Naval Command was home to 30 warships. INS Jalashwa is the flagship of Eastern Fleet and provides amphibious capabilities to the Indian Navy in the Bay of Bengal. Eastern Fleet is equipped with submarine pens and maintenance dockyards. The Amphibious Task Group of Eastern Naval Fleet has INS Jalashwa (LPD). It also includes five Rajput-class destroyers, four Kora-class corvettes, three Godavari-class frigates, three Shivalik-class frigates, Sindhughosh-class submarines and the Akula-class submarine INS Chakra. Naval aviation is provided by Westland Sea King helicopters. Apart from these, a number of smaller vessels such as fast attack craft made the total fleet strength of the command 52 vessels in 2012.

Future

[edit]

Until 1997, INS Vikrant (1961) was the flagship of Eastern Fleet. After her de-commissioning in 1997, the Eastern Fleet has been without an aircraft carrier.[21][25] Its aircraft carrier capability will get restored after first indigenously built aircraft carrier INS Vikrant (2013) joins the Eastern Fleet by 2023 after completing extensive sea trials and is likely to based in Vishakapatnam.[26][27]

List of commanders

[edit]
S.No Name Assumed office Left office Notes References
Naval Officer-in-Charge, Visakhapatnam (NOIC Visakhapatnam)
1 Captain Geoffrey Gowlland 1948 1951 Seconded from the Royal Navy [28]
2 Captain Bhaskar Sadashiv Soman December 1951 2 December 1953 Later served as Chief of the Naval Staff [6][29]
3 Captain Reginald Sawhny 2 December 1953 June 1954 [6]
4 Captain R. S. David June 1954 [30][31]
Commodore, East Coast (COMEAST)
1 Commodore M. K. Heble 12 June 1958 5 February 1960 [32]
2 Commodore G. S. Kapoor 5 February 1960 June 1962 [33][34]
3 Commodore J. S. Mehra 14 June 1962 June 1965 [35][36]
4 Commodore Douglas St. John Cameron June 1965 31 May 1967 [37]
Flag Officer, East Coast (FOEC)
1 Rear Admiral Kesavapillai Ramakrishnan Nair July 1967 1 March 1968 [7]
Flag Officer Commanding-in-Chief Eastern Naval Command (FOC-in-C ENC)
1 Rear Admiral Kesavapillai Ramakrishnan Nair PVSM 1 March 1968 1 March 1971 [38]
2 Vice Admiral Nilakanta Krishnan PVSM, DSC 1 March 1971 March 1973 [38]
3 Vice Admiral K. L. Kulkarni PVSM March 1973 1 April 1976 [39][40][41]
4 Vice Admiral Swaraj Parkash PVSM, MVC, AVSM 1 April 1976 1 March 1977 [42]
5 Vice Admiral S. H. Sarma PVSM 1 March 1977 2 February 1978 [43]
6 Vice Admiral M. R. Schunker PVSM, AVSM 2 February 1978 24 March 1980 [44][45]
7 Vice Admiral Mihir K. Roy PVSM, AVSM 24 March 1980 8 April 1984 [46][47]
8 Vice Admiral Jayant Ganpat Nadkarni PVSM, AVSM, NM, VSM 8 April 1984 28 February 1986 Later served as Chief of the Naval Staff [48][49]
9 Vice Admiral S. C. Chopra PVSM, AVSM, NM 28 February 1986 27 February 1989 [50]
10 Vice Admiral Laxminarayan Ramdas PVSM, AVSM, VrC, VSM 27 February 1989 30 November 1990 Later served as Chief of the Naval Staff [51]
11 Vice Admiral Vijai Singh Shekhawat PVSM, AVSM, VrC 31 December 1990 31 October 1992 Later served as Chief of the Naval Staff [52]
12 Vice Admiral B. Guha PVSM, AVSM 10 November 1992 31 May 1995 [53]
13 Vice Admiral P. S. Das PVSM, UYSM, VSM 31 May 1995 27 February 1998 [54]
14 Vice Admiral Vinod Pasricha PVSM, AVSM, NM 28 February 1998 28 February 2001 [55][56]
15 Vice Admiral John Colin De Silva PVSM, AVSM 1 March 2001 1 January 2002 [56]
16 Vice Admiral Raman Puri PVSM, AVSM, VSM 15 January 2002 30 September 2003 [57][58]
17 Vice Admiral O. P. Bansal PVSM, AVSM, VSM 1 October 2003 30 September 2005 [58][59][57]
18 Vice Admiral Sureesh Mehta PVSM, AVSM 1 October 2005 31 October 2006 Later served as Chief of the Naval Staff [60][61]
19 Vice Admiral Arun Kumar Singh PVSM, AVSM, NM 1 November 2006 31 March 2007
20 Vice Admiral Raman Prem Suthan PVSM, AVSM, VSM 1 April 2007 30 March 2008 Later served as Vice Chief of the Naval Staff [62][63]
21 Vice Admiral Nirmal Kumar Verma PVSM, AVSM 1 April 2008 31 August 2009 Later served as Chief of the Naval Staff [64]
22 Vice Admiral Anup Singh PVSM, AVSM, NM 1 September 2009 31 October 2011 [65]
23 Vice Admiral Anil Chopra PVSM, AVSM 1 November 2011 2014 Later served as FOC-in-C Western Naval Command [66][67][68]
24 Vice Admiral Satish Soni PVSM, AVSM, NM 16 June 2014 29 February 2016 [69][70]
25 Vice Admiral Harish Bisht PVSM, AVSM 1 March 2016 30 October 2017 [71]
26 Vice Admiral Karambir Singh PVSM, AVSM 31 October 2017 30 May 2019 Later served as Chief of the Naval Staff [72]
27 Vice Admiral Atul Kumar Jain PVSM, AVSM, VSM 1 June 2019 28 February 2021 [73]
28 Vice Admiral Ajendra Bahadur Singh PVSM, AVSM, VSM 28 February 2021 28 November 2021 Later served as FOC-in-C Western Naval Command [74][75]
29 Vice Admiral Biswajit Dasgupta PVSM, AVSM, YSM, VSM 1 December 2021 31 July 2023 [76]
30 Vice Admiral Rajesh Pendharkar AVSM, VSM 1 August 2023 Incumbent

See also

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References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Organisation of the Eastern Naval Command". Indian Navy. Archived from the original on 10 February 2013. Retrieved 1 January 2013.
  2. ^ "The might of the Indian Navy: ENC - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 1 January 2016.
  3. ^ "Golden Jubilee Celebrations of ENC | Indian Navy". www.indiannavy.nic.in.
  4. ^ Hiranandani, G M (2000). Transition to triumph : history of the Indian Navy, 1965-1975. Lancer Publishers. ISBN 978-1897829721.
  5. ^ Bhatia (1977), p. 28: "Consequent on the partition of the country on 15 August 1947, two thirds of the undivided fleet and associated assets came to India."
  6. ^ a b c "I.N. Appointments" (PDF). Press Information Bureau of India - Archive. 28 November 1953. Retrieved 22 February 2020.
  7. ^ a b "Admiral Nair, New Flag Officer, East Coast" (PDF). Press Information Bureau of India - Archive. 17 July 1967. Retrieved 1 February 2020.
  8. ^ Hiranandani, G M (2000). Transition to triumph : history of the Indian Navy, 1965-1975. Lancer Publishers. p. 615. ISBN 978-1897829721.
  9. ^ "Vice Admiral to Head Eastern Naval Command" (PDF). Press Information Bureau of India - Archive. 1 November 1973. Retrieved 3 February 2020.
  10. ^ "Platinum jubilee of INS Circars today". The Hindu. 11 December 2014. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 18 October 2024.
  11. ^ "Indian Naval Ship Circars". facebook.com. 11 December 2018. Retrieved 18 October 2024.
  12. ^ a b "Indian Navy ENC Authorities & Units". Indian Navy. Archived from the original on 22 August 2013. Retrieved 14 January 2013.
  13. ^ "Organisation | Indian Navy". indiannavy.nic.in. Retrieved 17 October 2016.
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  15. ^ "Vice Adm Sameer Saxena AVSM, NM took over as the Chief of Staff, #ENC from Vice Adm Sanjay Vatsayan at #Visakhapatnam on 01 Aug 23". Twitter. Retrieved 2 August 2023.
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  44. ^ "Admiral Schunker to Head Eastern Naval Command" (PDF). Press Information Bureau of India - Archive. 2 February 1978. Retrieved 5 February 2020.
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  64. ^ "domain-b.com : Vice Adm N Verma to head eastern naval command, Vice Adm RP Suthan is new vice chief". www.domain-b.com. Retrieved 25 October 2017.
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  72. ^ "Vice Admiral Karambir Singh takes over as the Flag Officer Commanding-in-Chief, ENC". pib.nic.in. Retrieved 26 January 2018.
  73. ^ "Vice Admiral Atul Kumar Jain takes over as the Flag Officer Commanding-in-Chief, ENC". pib.nic.in. 30 May 2019.
  74. ^ "Vice Admiral A.B. Singh to take over as FOC-in-C of ENC". The Hindu. 28 February 2021.
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