DCPS (gene)

DCPS
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1ST0, 1ST4, 1XML, 1XMM, 3BL7, 3BL9, 3BLA, 4QDE, 4QDV, 4QEB
Identifiers
Aliases	DCPS, DCS1, HINT-5, HINT5, HSL1, ARS, HSPC015, decapping enzyme, scavenger
External IDs	OMIM: 610534; MGI: 1916555; HomoloGene: 32202; GeneCards: DCPS; OMA:DCPS - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 11 (human) Band 11q24.2 Start 126,304,060 bp End 126,350,005 bp
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 9 (mouse) Band 9|9 A4 Start 35,035,704 bp End 35,087,357 bp
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in right lobe of liver oocyte muscle of thigh granulocyte secondary oocyte gallbladder gonad mucosa of transverse colon stromal cell of endometrium spleen Top expressed in yolk sac ventricular zone epiblast embryo otic placode embryo endocardial cushion medial ganglionic eminence right kidney primitive streak More reference expression data BioGPS n/a
Gene ontology Molecular function m7G(5')pppN diphosphatase activity protein binding hydrolase activity RNA 7-methylguanosine cap binding exoribonuclease activity Cellular component cytoplasm mitochondrion nucleus nucleoplasm P-body cytosol Biological process mRNA cis splicing, via spliceosome negative regulation of programmed cell death mRNA processing nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, deadenylation-dependent decay cellular response to menadione RNA splicing exonucleolytic catabolism of deadenylated mRNA RNA phosphodiester bond hydrolysis, exonucleolytic deadenylation-dependent decapping of nuclear-transcribed mRNA Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 28960 69305 Ensembl ENSG00000110063 ENSMUSG00000032040 UniProt Q96C86 Q9DAR7 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_014026 NM_001350236 NM_027030 RefSeq (protein) NP_054745 NP_001337165 NP_081306 Location (UCSC) Chr 11: 126.3 – 126.35 Mb Chr 9: 35.04 – 35.09 Mb PubMed search
Wikidata
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Scavenger mRNA decapping enzyme (DcpS) N-terminal
crystal structure of mrna decapping enzyme (dcps) from mus musculus at 1.83 a resolution
Identifiers
Symbol	DcpS
Pfam	PF05652
InterPro	IPR008594
SCOP2	1st4 / SCOPe / SUPFAM
Available protein structures: Pfam   structures / ECOD   PDB RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj PDBsum structure summary

Scavenger mRNA decapping enzyme C-term binding
Identifiers
Symbol	DcpS_C
Pfam	PF11969
Pfam clan	CL0265
SCOP2	1st4 / SCOPe / SUPFAM
Available protein structures: Pfam   structures / ECOD   PDB RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj PDBsum structure summary

Scavenger mRNA-decapping enzyme DcpS is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DCPS gene.

The scavenger mRNA decapping enzymes include Dcp2 and DcpS. DcpS is a scavenger pyrophosphatase that hydrolyses the residual cap structure following 3' to 5' mRNA degradation. DcpS uses cap dinucleotides or capped oligonucleotides as substrates to release m(7)GMP (N7-methyl GMP), while Dcp2 uses capped mRNA as a substrate in order to hydrolyse the cap to release m(7)GDP (N7-methyl GDP). The association of DcpS with 3' to 5' exonuclease exosome components suggests that these two activities are linked and there is a coupled exonucleolytic decay-dependent decapping pathway. The family contains a histidine triad (HIT) sequence in its C-terminal domain, with three histidines separated by hydrophobic residues. The central histidine within the DcpS HIT motif is critical for decapping activity and defines the HIT motif as a new mRNA decapping domain, making DcpS the first member of the HIT family of proteins with a defined biological function.

See also

• Al-Raqad syndrome

Further reading

• Maruyama K, Sugano S (1994). "Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides". Gene. 138 (1–2): 171–174. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8. PMID 8125298.
• Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, et al. (1997). "Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library". Gene. 200 (1–2): 149–156. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3. PMID 9373149.
• Zhang QH, Ye M, Wu XY, et al. (2001). "Cloning and functional analysis of cDNAs with open reading frames for 300 previously undefined genes expressed in CD34+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells". Genome Res. 10 (10): 1546–1560. doi:10.1101/gr.140200. PMC 310934. PMID 11042152.
• Wang Z, Kiledjian M (2002). "Functional link between the mammalian exosome and mRNA decapping". Cell. 107 (6): 751–762. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(01)00592-X. PMID 11747811. S2CID 8098116.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–16903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Kwasnicka DA, Krakowiak A, Thacker C, et al. (2003). "Coordinate expression of NADPH-dependent flavin reductase, Fre-1, and Hint-related 7meGMP-directed hydrolase, DCS-1". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (40): 39051–39058. doi:10.1074/jbc.M306355200. PMC 2556063. PMID 12871939.
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–45. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.
• Gu M, Fabrega C, Liu SW, et al. (2004). "Insights into the structure, mechanism, and regulation of scavenger mRNA decapping activity". Mol. Cell. 14 (1): 67–80. doi:10.1016/S1097-2765(04)00180-7. PMID 15068804.
• Liu SW, Jiao X, Liu H, et al. (2004). "Functional analysis of mRNA scavenger decapping enzymes". RNA. 10 (9): 1412–1422. doi:10.1261/rna.7660804. PMC 1370627. PMID 15273322.
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–2127. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
• Malys N, Carroll K, Miyan J, Tollervey D, McCarthy JE (2004). "The 'scavenger' m7GpppX pyrophosphatase activity of Dcs1 modulates nutrient-induced responses in yeast". Nucleic Acids Res. 32 (12): 3590–3600. doi:10.1093/nar/gkh687. PMC 484174. PMID 15240832.
• Chen N, Walsh MA, Liu Y, et al. (2005). "Crystal structures of human DcpS in ligand-free and m7GDP-bound forms suggest a dynamic mechanism for scavenger mRNA decapping". J. Mol. Biol. 347 (4): 707–718. doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2005.01.062. PMID 15769464.
• Kwaśnicka-Crawford DA, Vincent SR (2005). "Role of a novel dual flavin reductase (NR1) and an associated histidine triad protein (DCS-1) in menadione-induced cytotoxicity". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 336 (2): 565–571. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.08.129. PMID 16140270.
• Malys N, McCarthy JEG (2006). "Dcs2, a novel stress-induced modulator of m7GpppX pyrophosphatase activity that locates to P bodies". J. Mol. Biol. 363 (2): 370–382. doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2006.08.015. PMID 16963086.

External links

• PDBe-KB provides an overview of all the structure information available in the PDB for Human m7GpppX diphosphatase (DCPS)

This article incorporates text from the public domain Pfam and InterPro: IPR008594