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India's power sector emissions increased almost eight percent in 2023 to reach a record high of 1.4 billion metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (GtCO₂e). Coal power accounted for roughly 95 percent of this total, at 1.34 GtCO₂e. Since 2000, power sector emissions in India have more than tripled.

Power sector emissions in India from 2000 to 2023, by source (in million metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent)

Characteristic	Bioenergy	Coal	Gas	Hydro	Nuclear	Other Fossil*	Solar	Wind
2023	8.5	1,346.8	35.54	3.54	0.28	2.61	5.39	1.32
2022	8.81	1,256.14	32.6	4.16	0.27	2.49	4.52	1.13
2021	7.95	1,160.33	41.47	3.81	0.26	2.22	3.25	1.1
2020	7.1	1,042.33	51.83	3.89	0.26	2.03	2.79	0.97
2019	6.81	1,093.56	49.87	3.85	0.27	2.02	2.2	1.02
2018	5.88	1,095.16	49.39	3.32	0.23	4.21	1.73	0.97
2017	5.39	1,020.03	51.97	3.23	0.22	5.78	1.02	0.85
2016	5.37	983.7	50.33	3.05	0.22	6.19	0.55	0.7
2015	6.62	924.16	44.89	3.17	0.23	6.09	0.31	0.53
2014	5.34	874.37	44.36	3.3	0.2	7.6	0.23	0.54
2013	4.86	782.51	45.96	3.14	0.2	7.01	0.16	0.48
2012	4.31	728.15	66.71	2.75	0.19	6.63	0.1	0.44
2011	3.71	650.73	81.48	3.13	0.19	6.15	0.04	0.39
2010	3.09	597.6	81.8	2.58	0.14	7.09	0.01	0.31
2009	2.52	568.05	72.34	2.53	0.1	8.61	0	0.26
2008	2.01	532.65	59.52	2.74	0.09	10.05	0	0.23
2007	1.6	495.61	62.41	2.91	0.1	8.79	0	0.19
2006	1.21	469.78	51.77	2.68	0.1	12.55	0	0.15
2005	0.87	444.76	52.31	2.31	0.1	16.69	0	0.1
2004	0.72	430.44	53.08	2.39	0.13	18.6	0	0.08
2003	0.59	410.39	50.46	1.65	0.11	20.46	0	0.04
2002	0.46	396.55	43.58	1.63	0.11	18.38	0	0.03
2001	0.45	379.35	38.76	1.71	0.11	17.63	0	0.03
2000	0.37	362.56	38.78	1.83	0.09	19.19	0	0.03

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Release date

July 2024

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Region

India

Survey time period

2000 to 2023

Supplementary notes

Figures aim to include full lifecycle emissions including upstream methane, supply-chain and manufacturing emissions, and include all gases, converted into CO₂ equivalent over a 100 year timescale.

*Other fossil includes generation from oil and petroleum products, as well as manufactured gases and waste.

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