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Of the major Allied powers in the early 20^th century, the United Kingdom was the largest producer of steel until the 1920s, before French output rose after the First World War following the transfer of Alsace-Lorraine and occupation of German territories, and then the Soviet Union's steel production rose significantly in the 1930s. Trends in steel production heavily follow those of iron production, and steel was instrumental for the industrialization and war effort of each respective country. When output from the Allied countries is compared with Axis countries in this period, Germany was the largest steel producer in Europe by a large margin and had the highest steel output in almost every year.

Crude steel production in selected Allied European countries from 1900 to 1945 (in thousands of metric tons)

Characteristic	Belgium	Czechoslovakia	France	Luxembourg	Poland	Soviet Union	United Kingdom
1945	749	993	1,161	259	488	12,252	12,014
1944	634	2,543	3,092	1,269	1,950	-	12,337
1943	1,670	2,514	5,127	2,159	2,440	-	13,240
1942	1,380	2,332	4,488	1,569	2,091	-	13,150
1941	1,624	2,316	4,310	1,249	2,005	18,317	12,510
1940	1,894	2,265	4,413	1,042	1,168	17,564	13,183
1939	3,104	2,421	7,950	1,762	504	18,057	13,433
1938	2,279	1,800	6,137	1,437	1,441	17,730	10,565
1937	3,863	2,301	7,893	2,510	1,469	16,400	13,192
1936	3,168	1,538	6,686	1,981	1,149	12,588	11,974
1935	3,023	1,178	6,255	1,837	949	9,693	10,017
1934	2,944	940	6,155	1,932	856	6,889	8,992
1933	2,731	734	6,577	1,845	883	5,927	7,138
1932	2,790	672	5,638	1,956	564	5,620	5,345
1931	3,105	1,514	7,816	2,035	1,037	5,761	5,286
1930	3,354	1,817	9,444	2,270	1,237	4,854	7,444
1929	4,110	2,193	9,716	2,702	1,377	4,251	9,791
1928	3,905	1,973	9,479	2,567	1,438	3,592	8,657
1927	3,680	1,689	8,349	2,471	1,244	2,911	9,243
1926	3,339	1,345	8,617	2,244	788	1,868	3,654
1925	2,549	1,475	7,464	2,086	782	993	7,504
1924	2,875	1,350	6,670	1,887	681	615	8,333
1923	2,297	1,180	5,222	1,201	1,135	318	8,618
1922	1,565	721	4,538	1,394	1,004	220	5,975
1921	789	918	3,099	754	841	194	3,762
1920	1,253	973	2,706	585	981	199	9,212
1919	334	786	2,156	369	-	402	8,021
1918	11	-	1,800	888	-	3,080	9,692
1917	10	-	1,991	1,087	-	4,276	9,873
1916	99	-	1,784	1,312	-	4,120	9,136
1915	99	-	1,111	980	-	4,466	8,687
1914	1,396	-	2,802	1,136	-	4,231	7,971
1913	2,467	1,229	4,687	1,326	-	4,918	7,787
1912	2,442	-	4,429	947	-	4,503	6,905
1911	2,028	-	3,837	716	-	3,949	6,566
1910	1,892	-	3,413	598	-	3,314	6,476
1909	1,580	-	3,039	535	-	2,940	5,976
1908	1,198	-	2,723	461	-	2,698	5,381
1907	1,467	-	2,767	444	-	2,671	6,628
1906	1,395	-	2,451	435	-	2,496	6,566
1905	1,227	-	2,255	398	-	2,266	5,905
1904	1,091	-	2,096	366	-	2,766	5,108
1903	969	-	1,840	372	-	2,434	5,115
1902	769	-	1,568	315	-	2,184	4,988
1901	516	-	1,425	257	-	2,228	4,983
1900	655	-	1,565	185	-	2,216	4,980

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Release date

December 1981

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Region

Europe

Survey time period

1900 to 1945

Supplementary notes

Notes per country are as follows:
Belgium: break in series in 1913.
Czechoslovakia: Output from 1913 was as part of Austria-Hungary.
France: Figures for Alsace-Lorraine not included from 1900-1918.
Germany: Figures include Alsace-Lorraine from 1900-1918. Figures do not include Saarland from 1921-1934. Figures include the Sudetenland from 1939-1944 and parts of Poland from 1940-1944.
Soviet Union: Figures until 1913 refer to the Russian Empire; figures from 1914-1940 are for the 1923 borders of the USSR; figures from1940-1945 are for the post-WWII borders.

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