Tšusumetso ea tikoloho ea seoa sa coronavirus ea 2019-20
Ts'isinyeho ea lefats'e ka bophara e bakiloeng ke seoa sa coronavirus ea 2019 - 20 e hlahisitse likotsi tse ngata tikolohong le tikolohong. Ho theoha ho matla ha leeto le reriloeng [1] ho entse hore libaka tse ngata li fokotse tšilafalo ea moea. Ho koaloa ha thepa le mehato e meng Chaena ho felletse ka phokotso ea karolo ea 25 lekholong ho emong oa khabone [2]. Rasaense a le mong oa litsamaiso tsa Lefats'e o hakanyetsa hore e kanna eaba o pholositse bophelo bonyane ba 77,000 nakong ea likhoeli tse peli.[3] Ho phatloha hona ka bomalimabe ho boetse ho sitisitse boiteko ba lipuisano tsa tikoloho, ho kenyelletsa le ho chechisa Seboka sa 2020 sa Machaba a Phetoho ea Boemo ba Leholimo.[4] Ho putlama ha moruo ho tsoa pherekanong ea lefats'e ho boleloa esale pele hore ho tla lieha ho tsetela ho litheknoloji tsa matla a matala.[5]
Semelo
[fetola | fetola mohloli]Ho fihla ho 2020, keketseho ea bongata ba likhase tse futhumatsang lefatše tse hlahisitsoeng ho tloha qalong ea kholo ea indasteri e ile ea etsa hore lithemparetjha tsa mocheso Lefatšeng li nyolohe. Sena se bakile litlamorao ho kenyelletsa ho qhibiliha ha leqhoa le maemo a leoatle a ntseng a phahama. [7] [8] Ts'ebetso ea motho e bakile tšilafalo ea tikoloho ka mefuta e mengata. Ena ke tšusumetso ea anthropogenic. Pele ho koluoa ea COVID-19, mehato eo ho neng ho lebelletsoe ho khothaletsoa ho ba boholong ho tsa bophelo bo botle nakong ea koluoa e kenyeletsa karabelo le boiketlo ba sechaba. [9] Ba ikemetse ka bomong, bafuputsi ba pheha khang pele ho koluoa ea COVID-19 e fokotsang ts'ebetso ea moruo e tla thusa ho fokotsa ho futhumala ha lefatše, moea le likepe tsa leoatle, ho lumella tikoloho hore e atlehe butle. [10] [11]
Tšilafalo ea moea
[fetola | fetola mohloli]Ka lebaka la tšubuhlellano ea coronavirus mabapi le maeto le indasteri, libaka tse ngata li ile tsa bona ho theoha ha tšilafalo ea moea. [12] Ho fokotsa tšilafalo ea moea ho ka fokotsa phetoho ea maemo a leholimo le likotsi tsa COVID-19 [13] empa ha ho e-so ho hlake hore na ke mefuta efe ea tšilafalo ea moea (haeba e teng) e leng likotsi tse tloaelehileng ho phetoho ea maemo a leholimo le COVID-19. Setsi sa Patlo ea Matla le Moea o Hloekileng se tlaleha hore mekhoa ea ho kenyelletsa ho ata ha coronavirus, joalo ka ho beheloa libaka tse thibetsoeng le lithibelo tsa maeto, e bakile phokotso ea karolo ea 25 lekholong ea tlhahiso ea khabone China. [3] [4] Khoeling ea pele ea ho koaloa ha thepa, China e ile ea hlahisa lithane tse limilione tse 200 tsa carbon dioxide ho feta nako e tšoanang ka selemo sa 2019 ka lebaka la phokotso ea sephethe-phethe sa moea, ho hloekisoa hoa oli le tšebeliso ea mashala. [4] Rasaense e mong oa litsamaiso tsa Lefats'e o hakanya hore phokotso ena e kanna ea pholosa bophelo ba bonyane ba 77,000. [4] Leha ho le joalo, Sarah Ladislaw oa Setsi sa Strategic & International Study o re phokotso ea tlhahiso ea tlhahiso ea motlakase ka lebaka la ho putlama ha moruo ha ea lokela ho bonoa e le molemo hobane boiteko ba China ba ho khutlela litheko tsa pejana nakong ea lintoa tsa khoebo le lits'itiso tsa thekiso ea 'maraka li tla mpefala. tšusumetso ea eona tikolohong. [14] Pakeng tsa la 1 Pherekhong le la 11 Hlakubele 2020, European Space Agency e hlokometse ho theoha ho hoholo ha tlhahiso ea nitrous oxide e tsoang likoloi, litsi tsa motlakase, le lifeme sebakeng sa Po Valley ka leboea ho Italy. Phokotso ena e etsahetse nakong ea koaloa ha setereke sebakeng. [15]
NASA le ESA ba ntse ba lekola hore na likhase tsa Nitrogen dioxide e theohile haholo nakong ea karolo ea pele ea Chaena ea seoa sa COVID-19. Ho theoha ha moruo ho tsoa ho vaerase ho theohile haholo maemong a tšilafalo, haholo metseng e kang Wuhan, China ka 25%. [16] [17] NASA e sebelisa sesebelisoa sa ho lekola ozone (OMI) ho sekaseka le ho shebella lera la ozone le litšilafalo tse kang NO2, aerosols le tse ling. Sesebelisoa sena se thusitse NASA ho sebetsana le ho toloka lintlha tse kenang ka lebaka la likheo tse koalang lefatšeng ka bophara [18].
Litsela tsa metsi le bophelo ba metsing
[fetola | fetola mohloli]Tlhokahalo ea litheko tsa lihlapi le lihlapi ka bobeli li fokotsehile ka lebaka la seoa sena, [19] le likepe tsa ho tšoasa litlhapi lefatšeng ka bophara li lula li sa sebetse. [20] Rainer Froese e re tlhapi ea tlhapi e tla eketseha ka lebaka la ho theoha ho hoholo ha litlhapi, mme a supa hore metsing a Europe, litlhapi tse ling tse kang herring li ka eketsa biomass ea tsona habeli. [19] Ho tloha ka Phupu 2020, matšoao a ho hlaphoheloa metsing a lula a sa hlaka. [21]
Patlisiso le nts'etsopele
[fetola | fetola mohloli]Leha ho na le ho fokotseha ha nakoana hoa ts'ebeliso ea khase ea lefats'e, Agency ea Machaba ea Matla a Lefatše e lemositse hore pherekano ea moruo e bakoang ke ho phatloha ha coronavirus e ka thibela kapa ea liehisa lik'hamphani ho tsetela ho matla a limela tse tala. [6] [22] [23] Leha ho le joalo, linako tse arotsoeng tsa batho ba khetholloang li matlafalitse ts'ebetso ea maano a mosebetsi a hole. [24] [25] Ka lebaka la tšebeliso e sa lekanyetsoang ea limaske tsa sefahleho tse lahliloeng, lipalo tse kholo li kena tikolohong ea tlhaho, li eketsa moroalo oa lefatše lohle oa litšila tsa polasetiki. [26]
Setsi sa Europe sa Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) se phatlalalitse hore phokotso ea sefofane ka bophara ka lebaka la seoa se ka ama ho nepahala ha bolepi ba leholimo. Sena ke ka lebaka la tšebeliso ea lifofane tsa khoebo tsa lifofane tsa "Airl Meteorological Data Relay (AMDAR) e le karolo ea bohlokoa ho netefatseng maemo a leholimo. ECMWF e boletse esale pele hore ts'ireletso ea AMDAR e tla fokotseha ka 65% kapa ho feta ka lebaka la ho theoha ha lifofane tsa khoebo. [27]
Lipolotiki
[fetola | fetola mohloli]Seboka sa 2020 sa Phetoho ea Tlelaemete ea Machaba a Kopaneng se ile sa chechisoa ho 2021 ho arabela seoa sena kamora hore sebaka sa sona se fetotsoe sepetlele sa tšimo. Kopano ena e ne e le ea bohlokoa kaha linaha li ne li reretsoe ho tlisa menehelo e ntlafalitsoeng ea naha ho Tumellano ea Paris, ka takatso e matlafalitsoeng. Lefu la seoa le boetse le beha bokhoni ba linaha ba ho fana ka linyehelo tse ikemiselitseng tsa naha, kaha li shebile seoa sena. [5] Makasine ea Time e bontšitse takatso ea ho "tsosolosa" moruo oa lefats'e e ka bakang ho eketseha ha tlhahiso e eketsehileng ea khase ea greenhouse. Leha ho le joalo Motsamaisi ea ka Sehloohong oa Setsi sa Machabeng sa Matla a Matla a Lefatše o re ho theoha ha litheko tsa oli nakong ea ho putlama ha coronavirus e ka ba monyetla o motle oa ho tlosa lithuso tsa mafura tsa mafura. [28]
Phello ea phetoho e boletsoeng esale pele
[fetola | fetola mohloli]"Ho qala bocha" ba liindasteri tse hlahisang likhase tse futhumatsang lefatše le lipalamo tse latelang li-Lockdown tsa COVID-19 ho ile ha boleloa e le ketsahalo e neng e tla kenya letsoho ho eketsa tlhahiso ea khase ea greenhouse ho fapana le ho e fokotsa. [29] [30] [31]
Lihokela tsa kantle
[fetola | fetola mohloli]Machaba a Kopaneng: Lintlha tse tšeletseng tsa Tlhaho tse amanang le Coronaviruses
References
[fetola | fetola mohloli]- ↑ Team, The Visual and Data Journalism (28 March 2020). "Coronavirus: A visual guide to the pandemic". BBC News. Archived from the original on 27 March 2020.
- ↑ Myllyvirta, Lauri (19 February 2020). "Analysis: Coronavirus has temporarily reduced China's CO2 emissions by a quarter". CarbonBrief. Archived from the original on 4 March 2020. Retrieved 16 March 2020.
- ↑ McMahon, Jeff (16 March 2020). "Study: Coronavirus Lockdown Likely Saved 77,000 Lives In China Just By Reducing Pollution". Forbes. Archived from the original on 17 March 2020. Retrieved 16 March 2020
- ↑ "Cop26 climate talks postponed to 2021 amid coronavirus pandemic". Climate Home News. 1 April 2020. Archivedfrom the original on 4 April 2020. Retrieved 2 April 2020.
- ↑ Newburger, Emma (13 March 2020). "Coronavirus could weaken climate change action and hit clean energy investment, researchers warn". CNBC. Archived from the original on 15 March 2020. Retrieved 16 March 2020.