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Link to original content: http://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38815257/
Tablet-Based Cognitive and Eye Movement Measures as Accessible Tools for Schizophrenia Assessment: Multisite Usability Study - PubMed Skip to main page content
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Multicenter Study
. 2024 May 30:11:e56668.
doi: 10.2196/56668.

Tablet-Based Cognitive and Eye Movement Measures as Accessible Tools for Schizophrenia Assessment: Multisite Usability Study

Kentaro Morita  1   2 , Kenichiro Miura  3 , Atsuhito Toyomaki  4 , Manabu Makinodan  5 , Kazutaka Ohi  6 , Naoki Hashimoto  4 , Yuka Yasuda  7 , Takako Mitsudo  8 , Fumihiro Higuchi  9 , Shusuke Numata  10 , Akiko Yamada  11 , Yohei Aoki  12 , Hiromitsu Honda  12 , Ryo Mizui  5 , Masato Honda  5 , Daisuke Fujikane  6 , Junya Matsumoto  3 , Naomi Hasegawa  3 , Satsuki Ito  3 , Hisashi Akiyama  4 , Toshiaki Onitsuka  13 , Yoshihiro Satomura  2   14 , Kiyoto Kasai  2 , Ryota Hashimoto  3
Affiliations
Multicenter Study

Tablet-Based Cognitive and Eye Movement Measures as Accessible Tools for Schizophrenia Assessment: Multisite Usability Study

Kentaro Morita et al. JMIR Ment Health. .

Abstract

Background: Schizophrenia is a complex mental disorder characterized by significant cognitive and neurobiological alterations. Impairments in cognitive function and eye movement have been known to be promising biomarkers for schizophrenia. However, cognitive assessment methods require specialized expertise. To date, data on simplified measurement tools for assessing both cognitive function and eye movement in patients with schizophrenia are lacking.

Objective: This study aims to assess the efficacy of a novel tablet-based platform combining cognitive and eye movement measures for classifying schizophrenia.

Methods: Forty-four patients with schizophrenia, 67 healthy controls, and 41 patients with other psychiatric diagnoses participated in this study from 10 sites across Japan. A free-viewing eye movement task and 2 cognitive assessment tools (Codebreaker task from the THINC-integrated tool and the CognitiveFunctionTest app) were used for conducting assessments in a 12.9-inch iPad Pro. We performed comparative group and logistic regression analyses for evaluating the diagnostic efficacy of the 3 measures of interest.

Results: Cognitive and eye movement measures differed significantly between patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls (all 3 measures; P<.001). The Codebreaker task showed the highest classification effectiveness in distinguishing schizophrenia with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.90. Combining cognitive and eye movement measures further improved accuracy with a maximum area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.94. Cognitive measures were more effective in differentiating patients with schizophrenia from healthy controls, whereas eye movement measures better differentiated schizophrenia from other psychiatric conditions.

Conclusions: This multisite study demonstrates the feasibility and effectiveness of a tablet-based app for assessing cognitive functioning and eye movements in patients with schizophrenia. Our results suggest the potential of tablet-based assessments of cognitive function and eye movement as simple and accessible evaluation tools, which may be useful for future clinical implementation.

Keywords: cognitive function; diagnostic biomarkers; digital health tools; eye movement; schizophrenia.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of Interest: YA and HH are employees of Future Corporation. All other authors declare no financial or nonfinancial competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Distribution of the measured values. The cumulative distribution function for the 3 measures of interest (ie, Codebreaker score, Digit Symbol Substitution Test score, and scanpath length) are provided across the 3 groups. The dotted lines in each plot represent the mean values in each group.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Receiver operating characteristic curves for each of the 3 outcomes of interest.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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