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Link to original content: http://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38475459/
Chloroplast Genome Provides Insights into Molecular Evolution and Species Relationship of Fleabanes (Erigeron: Tribe Astereae, Asteraceae) in the Juan Fernández Islands, Chile - PubMed Skip to main page content
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. 2024 Feb 23;13(5):612.
doi: 10.3390/plants13050612.

Chloroplast Genome Provides Insights into Molecular Evolution and Species Relationship of Fleabanes (Erigeron: Tribe Astereae, Asteraceae) in the Juan Fernández Islands, Chile

Seon-Hee Kim  1 , JiYoung Yang  2 , Myong-Suk Cho  3 , Tod F Stuessy  4 , Daniel J Crawford  5 , Seung-Chul Kim  3
Affiliations

Chloroplast Genome Provides Insights into Molecular Evolution and Species Relationship of Fleabanes (Erigeron: Tribe Astereae, Asteraceae) in the Juan Fernández Islands, Chile

Seon-Hee Kim et al. Plants (Basel). .

Abstract

Erigeron represents the third largest genus on the Juan Fernández Islands, with six endemic species, five of which occur exclusively on the younger Alejandro Selkirk Island with one species on both islands. While its continental sister species is unknown, Erigeron on the Juan Fernández Islands appears to be monophyletic and most likely evolved from South American progenitor species. We characterized the complete chloroplast genomes of five Erigeron species, including accessions of E. fernandezia and one each from Alejandro Selkirk and Robinson Crusoe Islands, with the purposes of elucidating molecular evolution and phylogenetic relationships. We found highly conserved chloroplast genomes in size, gene order and contents, and further identified several mutation hotspot regions. In addition, we found two positively selected chloroplast genes (ccsA and ndhF) among species in the islands. The complete plastome sequences confirmed the monophyly of Erigeron in the islands and corroborated previous phylogenetic relationships among species. New findings in the current study include (1) two major lineages, E. turricola-E. luteoviridis and E. fernandezia-E. ingae-E. rupicola, (2) the non-monophyly of E. fernandezia occurring on the two islands, and (3) the non-monophyly of the alpine species E. ingae complex.

Keywords: Erigeron; adaptive radiation; insular endemic; molecular evolution; positive selection.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Complete plastome map of six Erigeron species. The genes located outside of the circle are transcribed counterclockwise, while those located inside are transcribed clockwise.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Relative synonymous codon usage in six newly sequenced Erigeron accessions. The list of species from left to right columns represent E. fernandezia (AS), E. fernandezia (RC), E. ingae, E. luteoviridis and E. turricola.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Visualization of alignment of the 12 plastome sequences of Erigeron accessions. Species: 1. E. annuus MZ361990; 2. E. breviscapus NC043882; 3. E. canadensis NC046789; 4. E. multiradiatus NC056169; 5. E. philadelphicus MT579973; 6. E. strigosus MT579973; 7. E. fernandezia (AS); 8. E. fernandezia (RC); 9. E. ingae; 10. E. luteoviridis; 11. E. rupicola; 12. E. turricola.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Sliding window analysis of the 12 whole chloroplast genomes of Erigeron species.
Figure 5
Figure 5
The maximum-likelihood (ML) tree inferred from 15 accessions of Erigeron and six Astereae tribe plastomes. The bootstrap value based on 1000 replicates is shown on each node. The six newly sequenced accessions in the current study are indicated using red asterisks.
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