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Link to original content: http://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38294642/
Neurotransmitter norepinephrine regulates chromatosomes aggregation and the formation of blotches in coral trout Plectropomus leopardus - PubMed Skip to main page content
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. 2024 Apr;50(2):705-719.
doi: 10.1007/s10695-024-01300-1. Epub 2024 Jan 31.

Neurotransmitter norepinephrine regulates chromatosomes aggregation and the formation of blotches in coral trout Plectropomus leopardus

Nannan Zhao  1 , Ke Jiang  1 , Xiaoyu Ge  1 , Jing Huang  1 , Caiming Wu  2 , Shi Xi Chen  3   4
Affiliations

Neurotransmitter norepinephrine regulates chromatosomes aggregation and the formation of blotches in coral trout Plectropomus leopardus

Nannan Zhao et al. Fish Physiol Biochem. 2024 Apr.

Abstract

Color changes and pattern formations can represent strategies of the utmost importance for the survival of individuals or of species. Previous studies have associated capture with the formation of blotches (areas with light color) of coral trout, but the regulatory mechanisms link the two are lacking. Here, we report that capture induced blotches formation within 4-5 seconds. The blotches disappeared after anesthesia dispersed the pigment cells and reappeared after electrical stimulation. Subsequently, combining immunofluorescence, transmission electron microscopy and chemical sympathectomy, we found blotches formation results from activation of catecholaminergic neurons below the pigment layer. Finally, the in vitro incubation and intraperitoneal injection of norepinephrine (NE) induced aggregation of chromatosomes and lightening of body color, respectively, suggesting that NE, a neurotransmitter released by catecholaminergic nerves, mediates blotches formation. Our results demonstrate that acute stress response-induced neuronal activity can drive rapid changes in body color, which enriches our knowledge of physiological adaptations in coral reef fish.

Keywords: Blotches; Catecholaminergic neurons; Chromatosomes aggregation; Coral trout; Norepinephrine.

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