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Link to original content: http://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37046941/
Effects of Background Music on Mental Fatigue in Steady-State Visually Evoked Potential-Based BCIs - PubMed Skip to main page content
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. 2023 Apr 2;11(7):1014.
doi: 10.3390/healthcare11071014.

Effects of Background Music on Mental Fatigue in Steady-State Visually Evoked Potential-Based BCIs

Shouwei Gao  1 , Kang Zhou  1 , Jun Zhang  1 , Yi Cheng  1 , Shujun Mao  1
Affiliations

Effects of Background Music on Mental Fatigue in Steady-State Visually Evoked Potential-Based BCIs

Shouwei Gao et al. Healthcare (Basel). .

Abstract

As a widely used brain-computer interface (BCI) paradigm, steady-state visually evoked potential (SSVEP)-based BCIs have the advantages of high information transfer rates, high tolerance for artifacts, and robust performance across diverse users. However, the incidence of mental fatigue from prolonged, repetitive stimulation is a critical issue for SSVEP-based BCIs. Music is often used as a convenient, non-invasive means of relieving mental fatigue. This study investigates the compensatory effect of music on mental fatigue through the introduction of different modes of background music in long-duration, SSVEP-BCI tasks. Changes in electroencephalography power index, SSVEP amplitude, and signal-to-noise ratio were used to assess participants' mental fatigue. The study's results show that the introduction of exciting background music to the SSVEP-BCI task was effective in relieving participants' mental fatigue. In addition, for continuous SSVEP-BCI tasks, a combination of musical modes that used soothing background music during the rest interval phase proved more effective in reducing users' mental fatigue. This suggests that background music can provide a practical solution for long-duration SSVEP-based BCI implementation.

Keywords: background music; electroencephalogram; mental fatigue; steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP).

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The distribution of the four stimulus targets on the graphical user interface is shown. Each stimulus target has a different frequency.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Timing of the main experimental sequence. For each participant, the experimental task was repeated three times.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Extended experiment timing diagram.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Comparison of the indicators in fatigue stage 1 under different background music modes. (a) Amplitude. (b) SNR. (c) α + θ band index. (d) θ band. (e) α band.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Comparison of the indicators in fatigue stage 1 under different background music modes. (a) Amplitude. (b) SNR. (c) α + θ band index. (d) θ band. (e) α band.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Comparison of the variation of SSVEP amplitude and SNR under different background music modes. (a) Comparison of Amplitude. (b) Comparison of SNR. *: Significant difference from exciting Music mode. #: Significant difference from no Music mode.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Comparison of the variation of α, θ, and α + θ under different background music modes. (a) Comparison of α + θ. (b) Comparison of θ. (c) Comparison of α. *: Significant difference from exciting Music mode. #: Significant difference from no Music mode.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Comparison of the indicators in pre-intervention state under different background music modes. (a) Amplitude. (b) SNR. (c) α + θ band index.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Comparison of variations in SSVEP amplitude, SNR, and EEG power index α + θ under different background music modes. (a) Comparison of Amplitude. (b) Comparison of SNR. (c) Comparison of α + θ. *: Significant difference from exciting Music mode. #: Significant difference from no Music mode.
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