iBet uBet web content aggregator. Adding the entire web to your favor.
iBet uBet web content aggregator. Adding the entire web to your favor.



Link to original content: http://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35832335/
Leprosy: A Review of Epidemiology, Clinical Diagnosis, and Management - PubMed Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2022 Jul 4:2022:8652062.
doi: 10.1155/2022/8652062. eCollection 2022.

Leprosy: A Review of Epidemiology, Clinical Diagnosis, and Management

Kou-Huang Chen  1 , Cheng-Yao Lin  2   3   4 , Shih-Bin Su  5 , Kow-Tong Chen  6   7
Affiliations
Review

Leprosy: A Review of Epidemiology, Clinical Diagnosis, and Management

Kou-Huang Chen et al. J Trop Med. .

Abstract

Leprosy is a neglected infectious disease caused by acid-fast bacillus Mycobacterium leprae. It primarily affects the skin and then progresses to a secondary stage, causing peripheral neuropathy with potential long-term disability along with stigma. Leprosy patients account for a significant proportion of the global disease burden. Previous efforts to improve diagnostic and therapeutic techniques have focused on leprosy in adults, whereas childhood leprosy has been relatively neglected. This review aims to update the diagnostic and therapeutic recommendations for adult and childhood leprosy. This review summarizes the clinical, bacteriological, and immunological approaches used in the diagnosis of leprosy. As strategies for the diagnosis and management of leprosy continue to develop better and more advanced knowledge, control and prevention of leprosy are crucial.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Global distribution of new leprosy cases in 2020 (source: World Health Organization/National Leprosy Program, WHO 2021) [6].
Figure 2
Figure 2
Tuberculoid leprosy: lesion with a single, stable, hairless plaque, and well-defined borders (photograph courtesy of Eichelmann, et al.) [23].
Figure 3
Figure 3
Lepromatous leprosy: lesion with diffuse thickening, numerous discrete, and confluent nodules (photograph courtesy of White, et al.) [24].
Figure 4
Figure 4
Type 1 reaction: lesions with erythema, swelling, papules, and plaques (photograph courtesy of Oliveira, et al.) [20].
Figure 5
Figure 5
Type 2 reaction: lesions with erythema multiform-like bullous (photograph courtesy of Alemu Belachew, et al.) [36].
Figure 6
Figure 6
Lepromatous leprosy: skin lesions resembling guttate psoriasis, prurigo nodularis, or hypertrophic lichen planus (photograph courtesy of Kundakci, et al.) [91].
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

See all "Cited by" articles

References

    1. Ghosh S., Chaudhuri S. Chronicles of Gerhard Henrik Armauer Hansen’s life and work. Indian Journal of Dermatology . 2015;60(3):p. 219. doi: 10.4103/0019-5154.156310. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Britton W. J., Lockwood D. N. Leprosy. The Lancet . 2004;363(9416):1209–1219. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(04)15952-7. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Paige C. F., Truman R. W., Scholl D. T. Prevalence and incidence density of Mycobacterium leprae and Trypanosoma cruzi infections within a population of wild nine-banded armadillos. The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene . 2002;67(5):528–532. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.2002.67.528. - DOI - PubMed
    1. World Health Organization (WHO) Leprosy. 2022. https://www.who.int/en/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/leprosy .
    1. World Health Organization (WHO) Global leprosy situation, 2010. Weekly Epidemiological Record . 2010;85(35):337–348. - PubMed