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Link to original content: http://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35728922/
Identifying common and distinct subcortical volumetric abnormalities in 3 major psychiatric disorders: a single-site analysis of 640 participants - PubMed Skip to main page content
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. 2022 Jun 21;47(3):E230-E238.
doi: 10.1503/jpn.210154. Print 2022 May-Jun.

Identifying common and distinct subcortical volumetric abnormalities in 3 major psychiatric disorders: a single-site analysis of 640 participants

Pei-Chi Tu  1 , Wan-Chen Chang  1 , Mu-Hong Chen  1 , Ju-Wei Hsu  1 , Wei-Chen Lin  1 , Cheng-Ta Li  1 , Tung-Ping Su  2 , Ya-Mei Bai  2
Affiliations

Identifying common and distinct subcortical volumetric abnormalities in 3 major psychiatric disorders: a single-site analysis of 640 participants

Pei-Chi Tu et al. J Psychiatry Neurosci. .

Abstract

Background: Subcortical volumetric abnormalities in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder (MDD) have been consistently found on a single-diagnosis basis in previous studies. However, whether such volumetric abnormalities are specific to a particular disorder or shared by other disorders remains unclear.

Methods: We analyzed the structural MRIs of 160 patients with schizophrenia, 160 patients with bipolar disorder, 160 patients with MDD and 160 healthy controls. We calculated the volumes of the thalamus, hippocampus, amygdala, accumbens, putamen, caudate, pallidum and lateral ventricles using FreeSurfer 7.0 and compared them among the groups using general linear models.

Results: We found a significant group effect on the volumes of the thalamus, hippocampus, accumbens and pallidum. Further post hoc analysis revealed that thalamic volumes in patients with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and MDD were significantly reduced compared to those in healthy controls, but did not differ from one another. Patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder also shared a significant reduction in hippocampal volumes. Among the 3 clinical groups, patients with schizophrenia showed significantly lower hippocampal volumes and higher pallidal volumes than patients with bipolar disorder and MDD.

Limitations: Differences in psychotropic use and duration of illness among the patient groups may limit the interpretation of our findings.

Conclusion: Our findings indicate that decreased thalamic volume is a common feature of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and MDD. Smaller hippocampal and larger pallidal volumes differentiate schizophrenia from bipolar disorder and MDD and may provide clues to the biological basis for the Kraepelinian distinction between these illnesses.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests: None declared.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Subcortical structures evaluated in this study. (A) An example of the subcortical segmentations examined using FreeSurfer 7.0 in a healthy control participant. (B) The hippocampus and lateral ventricles were delineated in a 3-dimensional view for better visualization of their whole structures.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Common and distinct subcortical volumetric abnormalities in patients with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and MDD. (A) We assessed the model-adjusted volumes of the subcortical structures (mean ± standard deviation) for each diagnostic group and evaluated differences among the 4 diagnostic groups using general linear models; *p < 0.05 (Bonferroni-corrected) in post hoc comparisons. (B) We calculated the effect size (Cohen d) and 95% confidence interval for differences in subcortical volume between each patient group and healthy controls to better visualize common volumetric abnormalities. Decreased thalamic volume was a common feature of the 3 disorders; *p < 0.05 (Bonferroni-corrected) compared to healthy controls. MDD = major depressive disorder.
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