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Link to original content: http://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31875155/
New titanosauriform (Dinosauria: Sauropoda) specimens from the Upper Cretaceous Daijiaping Formation of southern China - PubMed Skip to main page content
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. 2019 Dec 20:7:e8237.
doi: 10.7717/peerj.8237. eCollection 2019.

New titanosauriform (Dinosauria: Sauropoda) specimens from the Upper Cretaceous Daijiaping Formation of southern China

Fenglu Han  1 , Xing Xu  2   3 , Corwin Sullivan  4   5 , Leqing Huang  6 , Yu Guo  7 , Rui Wu  1
Affiliations

New titanosauriform (Dinosauria: Sauropoda) specimens from the Upper Cretaceous Daijiaping Formation of southern China

Fenglu Han et al. PeerJ. .

Abstract

Titanosauriform sauropod dinosaurs were once considered rare in the Upper Cretaceous of Asia, but a number of titanosauriforms from this stratigraphic interval have been discovered in China in recent years. In fact, all adequately known Cretaceous Asian sauropods are titanosauriforms, but only a few have been well studied, lending significance to any new anatomical information that can be extracted from Asia's Cretaceous sauropod record. Here we give a detailed description of some titanosauriform bones recovered recently from the Upper Cretaceous Daijiaping Formation of Tianyuan County, Zhuzhou City, Hunan Province, southern China. The occurrence of this material in Hunan increases the known geographic range of titanosauriforms in eastern Asia. Although all of the specimens discussed in this paper can be assigned to Titanosauriformes at least tentatively, some bones display a limited number of features that are more typical of basal sauropods and/or derived diplodocoids, suggesting complex patterns of character evolution within Neosauropoda.

Keywords: China; Cretaceous; Sauropoda; Titanosauriform.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare there are no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Locality maps showing sites that have produced sauropod dinosaurs.
(A) Map of China showing titanosauriform dinosaur localities, with Hunan Province shaded. (B) Map of Hunan Province showing the location of Zhuzhou City. (C) Position of dinosaur locality adjacent to Lianhua Road, Tianyuan District, Zhuzhou City.
Figure 2
Figure 2. Stratigraphic section through the dinosaur-bearing Daijiaping Formation of Tianyuan District, Zhuzhou City.
Modified from Han et al. (2017). Abbreviations: K2, Late Cretaceous; Q, Quaternary.
Figure 3
Figure 3. Cervical vertebra (ZGT002) of sauropod dinosaur from Zhuzhou City.
(A) Ventrolateral view. (B) Ventral view. (C) Left dorsolateral view. (D) Dorsal view. (E) Anterior view. (F) Posterior view. (G) Right lateral view. Abbreviations: dp, diapophysis; fo, fossa; ipozf, infrapostzygapophyseal fossa; LCPOL, lateral centropostzygapophyseal lamina; lprf, lateral fossa of the prezygapophyseal process; nc, neural canal; PCDL, posterior centrodiapophyseal lamina; PODL, postzygodiapophyseal lamina; pp, parapophysis; ppr, prominent posterodorsally oriented ridge; PRDL, prezygodiapophyseal lamina; SPRL, spinoprezygapophyseal lamina; SPOL, spinopostzygapophyseal lamina; wvr, weak vertically oriented ridge.
Figure 4
Figure 4. Sauropod dinosaur cervical vertebra (ZGT012) and ribs from Zhuzhou City.
(A–B) ZGT012, (A) centrum and associated rib in left lateral view; (B) vertebra without rib in left lateral view and detached rib in medial view. (C–E) ZGT044, large posterior cervical rib. (C) Dorsal view. (D) Posterior view. (E) Ventral view. (F–H) ZGT013, small posterior cervical rib. (F) Dorsal view. (G) Ventral view. (H) Medial view. Abbreviations: fo, fossa; ppr, prominent posterodorsally oriented ridge; rid, ridge.
Figure 5
Figure 5. Caudal vertebra of sauropod dinosaur from Zhuzhou City (ZGT013).
A, left lateral view; B, right lateral view; C, anterior view; D, posterior view; E, dorsal view; F, ventral view. Abbreviation: rid, ridge.
Figure 6
Figure 6. Sauropod dinosaur humeri from Zhuzhou City.
(A–E) ZGT056-060, partial right humerus. (A) Anterior view; (B) lateral view; (C) posterior view; (D) proximal view; (E) distal view of broken surface. (F–H) ZGT089, partial left humerus. (F) Distal view of broken surface; (G) anterior view; (H) posterior view. Abbreviations: dp, deltopectoral crest; hh, humeral head, lbh, lateral bulge of humerus; hplc, humeral proximolateral corner.
Figure 7
Figure 7. Complete left ischium of sauropod dinosaur from Zhuzhou City (ZMW148).
A, left lateral view; B, enlargement of the proximal region in lateral view; C, proximal region in dorsolateral view; D, proximal region in posterolateral view. Abbreviations: acet, acetabulum. pped, pubic peduncle; ilped, iliac peduncle.
Figure 8
Figure 8. Sauropod dinosaur right fibula and ungual from Zhuzhou City.
(A–D) ZMW51-57, nearly complete right fibula. (A) Right lateral view; (B) medial view; (C) proximal view; (D) distal view. (E–G) ZMW013, a pedal ungual. (E) Left lateral view; (F) right lateral view; (G) dorsal view; (H) proximal view; (I) ventral view. Abbreviations: rid, ridge.
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Grants and funding

This research was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41502011) to Fenglu Han and (No. 41688103) Xing Xu, the International Partnership Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. 132311KYSB20180016) to Xing Xu, the Regional Geological Survey of Chengbu-Nanxiong Area in Nanling-Geotectonic Framework and Resource Background Investigation of Hezhou-Chenzhou (No. DD20190811) to Fenglu Han, the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (No. 2017JJ3139) to Leqing Huang, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Discovery Grant RGPIN-2017-06246), and start-up funding awarded by the University of Alberta to Corwin Sullivan. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

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