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Link to original content: http://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19766936/
Reward-related brain function and sleep in pre/early pubertal and mid/late pubertal adolescents - PubMed Skip to main page content
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. 2009 Oct;45(4):326-34.
doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2009.04.001. Epub 2009 May 31.

Reward-related brain function and sleep in pre/early pubertal and mid/late pubertal adolescents

Stephanie M Holm  1 , Erika E Forbes, Neal D Ryan, Mary L Phillips, Jill A Tarr, Ronald E Dahl
Affiliations

Reward-related brain function and sleep in pre/early pubertal and mid/late pubertal adolescents

Stephanie M Holm et al. J Adolesc Health. 2009 Oct.

Abstract

Purpose: The onset of adolescence is a time of dramatic changes, including changes in sleep, and a time of new health concerns related to increases in risk-taking, sensation seeking, depression, substance use, and accidents. As part of a larger study examining puberty-specific changes in adolescents' reward-related brain function, the current article focuses on the relationship between functional neuroimaging measures of reward and measures of sleep.

Methods: A total of 58 healthy participants 11-13 years of age completed a functional magnetic resonance imaging scan using a guessing task with monetary rewards and 4 days of at-home actigraphy and self-reported sleep ratings. Sleep variables included actigraph measures of mean weekend minutes asleep, sleep onset time, and sleep offset time, as well as self-reported sleep quality.

Results: During reward anticipation, less activation in the caudate (part of the ventral striatum) was associated with fewer minutes asleep, later sleep onset time, and lower sleep quality. During reward outcome, less caudate activation was associated with later sleep onset time, earlier sleep offset time, and lower sleep quality.

Conclusions: It has been hypothesized that adolescents' low reactivity in reward-related brain areas could lead to compensatory increases in reward-driven behavior. This study's findings suggest that sleep could contribute to such behavior. Because decreased sleep has been associated with risky behavior and negative mood, these findings raise concerns about a negative spiral whereby the effects of puberty and sleep deprivation may have synergistic effects on reward processing, contributing to adolescent behavioral and emotional health problems.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Actigraphy-Measured Sleep
a. Regions of blood-oxygenation-level-dependent (BOLD) activation negatively correlated with onset time of sleep during reward anticipation are shown. The scatter plot depicts correlation between onset time of sleep and caudate activation during reward anticipation at the voxel of maximum intensity (Talairach coordinates: -4, -1, 17; cluster size = 125 voxels, p< 0.001, t=3.55). R2 represents the fit of the entire model (including development and gender), not just the relationship between sleep and brain activation. b. Regions of BOLD activation positively correlated with offset time of sleep during reward outcome are shown. The scatter plot depicts correlation between offset time of sleep and caudate activation during reward outcome at the voxel of maximum intensity (2, 8, 11; cluster size = 100 voxels, p< 0.001, t=3.53). R2 represents the fit of the entire model (including development and gender), not just the relationship between sleep and brain activation.
Figure 2
Figure 2. Self-Reported Sleep
Regions of BOLD activation positively correlated with sleep quality during reward outcome are shown. The scatter plot depicts correlation between sleep quality and caudate activation during reward outcome is graphed at the voxel of maximum intensity (-6, 6, 11; cluster size = 214 voxels, p<0.005, t=2.86). R2 represents the fit of the entire model (including development and gender), not just the relationship between sleep and brain activation.
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