Ventanan archaeology was a form of archaeological investigation conducted during the 24th century.
In 2368, Kamala, a telepath, read the mind of Captain Jean-Luc Picard and sensed his appreciation for Ventanan archaeology, the sonnets of William Shakespeare, and the gardens of Les Eyries. (TNG: "The Perfect Mate")
With the absence of context, it is unclear if "Ventanan" was a technique, species, culture or place. Further references to Ventanan thimble and Ventanan woven art suggest a cultural connection.