Shane Hmiel

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Shane Hmiel
Hmiel in 2012
BornShane Riley Hmiel
(1980-05-15) May 15, 1980 (age 44)
Pleasant Garden, North Carolina, U.S.
AchievementsFirst driver to ever win the USAC Triple Crown in the same season (2010)
2010 Hoosier Hundred Winner
2010 Rich Vogler Classic Winner
2010 Pat O’Conner Memorial Winner
Awards2009 USAC Most Improved Driver
2009 Chili Bowl Rookie of the Year
2001 NASCAR Goody's Dash Series Rookie of the Year
NASCAR Cup Series career
7 races run over 2 years
Best finish51st (2004)
First race2004 Pop Secret 500 (California)
Last race2005 Food City 500 (Bristol)
Wins Top tens Poles
0 0 0
NASCAR Xfinity Series career
83 races run over 4 years
Best finish15th (2003)
First race2002 EAS/GNC Live Well 300 (Daytona)
Last race2005 Carquest Auto Parts 300 (Charlotte)
Wins Top tens Poles
0 23 4
NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series career
29 races run over 2 years
Best finish13th (2004)
First race2004 Florida Dodge Dealers 250 (Daytona)
Last race2005 UAW-GM Ohio 250 (Mansfield)
First win2004 Las Vegas 350 (Las Vegas)
Wins Top tens Poles
1 12 0
Statistics current as of November 15, 2019.

Shane Riley Hmiel (pronounced: "Meal") (born May 15, 1980) is an American former racecar driver, who competed in all three of NASCAR's national series. Hmiel's controversial stock car career, marred by accidents from his aggressive driving style, ended in 2006 after he failed a third substance abuse test and was banned from competing in NASCAR for life.[1] After rebuilding his career in open wheel racing, primarily in United States Auto Club sanctioned dirt track racing,[2] Hmiel was paralyzed in a near fatal racing accident on October 9, 2010, in Terre Haute, Indiana. Prior to the accident, Hmiel had become the first driver to win the Hoosier Hundred, Rich Vogler Classic, and the Pat O'Connor Memorial, the three premier USAC midget-car races, in the same season.[3]

Personal life

Shane is the son of Lisa Hmiel and Steve Hmiel, former NASCAR crew chief and later a competition director who worked for several teams including Roush Racing, Dale Earnhardt, Inc. and Swan Racing. He also has a younger brother, Tyler Hmiel.[4]

Health and drug use

At age 5, Hmiel was misdiagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. He began smoking cannabis at age 12, and on a daily basis through his teens and 20s. Hmiel also admitted to using cocaine "about 100 times,"[3] and used drugs in part to medicate himself.[5]

After entering drug rehab in 2007, Hmiel's condition was properly diagnosed as Bipolar II disorder.[4]

Racing career

Early career

Hmiel began racing in go-karts, winning 164 races from the age of 12 to 15. After quitting racing for three years, he began running late model stock cars.[6]

NASCAR career

In 2001, Hmiel competed in the NASCAR Goody's Dash Series, earning the Rookie of the Year award with two wins and 13 top-10 finishes, finishing fifth in points.[6] Hmiel also ran a single ARCA Re/Max Series race at Atlanta Motor Speedway, finishing second.[7] Hmiel also qualified the No. 48 Chevrolet for Innovative Motorsports in Busch Series, the second-tier national series of NASCAR, at Memphis Motorsports Park, filling in for Kenny Wallace who raced the car.[6][7]

For 2002, Hmiel moved to the Busch Series in the No. 47 Chevrolet for Innovative as a teammate to Wallace.[8][9] Initially planned to run a part-time schedule, sponsorship from Thomas Pacconi Classics, Goulds Pumps, and Mike's Hard Lemonade Co. expanded his schedule to the full season.[8][10][11][12] Hmiel opened his rookie season with a fifth-place finish at Daytona.[6][8][10] That 2002 season was most notable for his feud with fellow rookie Casey Mears where he and Mears got into some incidents during the season. Despite the feud, Hmiel earned two poles (at Nashville and Loudon), two top 5s, and eight top 10s to finish 16th in points and third in Rookie of the Year standings behind Scott Riggs and Johnny Sauter.[7][8][13]

In 2003, Hmiel moved into Innovative's No. 48 car. After the first 26 races of the season, he already improved on his rookie season statistics, earning four top 5s and 10 top 10s, and sat 8th in points.[7] Hmiel's best NASCAR effort came at Indianapolis Raceway Park in August 2003, where he won the pole, led the most laps and staged a very competitive battle with eventual series champion Brian Vickers. Vickers took his first career victory, while Hmiel finished fourth. In December 2009, the race was selected by media members as the greatest Nationwide Series race of the decade.[14] Hmiel also attempted to qualify for the Pepsi 400 at Daytona in July in the Winston Cup Series for Petty Enterprises' famed 43 car, with normal driver Christian Fittipaldi driving Petty's 44 car.[15][16] He did not, however make the race.

First failed substance abuse test

At the Funai 250 at Richmond International Raceway, Hmiel was involved in several on track incidents, beginning on lap 103 when he spun the lapped car of Randy MacDonald. Late in the race with 5 laps to go, Hmiel was involved in an accident with Jason Keller. Hmiel was moved out of line down the backstretch, then slipped up into Keller in turn three, sending Keller's 57 car into the wall driver's side first. Hmiel was fined $5,000 and placed on probation for an altercation in the garage area after the race with Keller.[17] Fellow competitor David Green would later identify this race as a sign of bad times to come for Hmiel.[18]

A week later on September 18, Hmiel was suspended indefinitely for failing a drug test, testing positive for marijuana. According to NASCAR's substance abuse policy, the sanctioning body is allowed to administer drug tests, based only on "reasonable suspicion", at their sole discretion.[3][19] At the time, he was the highest-profile driver to fail such a test. Hmiel was released from Innovative Motorsports, replaced with former Busch Series champion Jeff Green at Dover, then several other veteran drivers for the remainder of the season.[20] He was set to drive the 91 car for Evernham Motorsports that weekend at Dover coming up but the team withdrew after the suspension.

2004–2005: Return to competition

Hmiel was reinstated in 2004 after completing NASCAR's Road to Recovery program, and was picked up for the full Craftsman Truck Series season by Billy Ballew Motorsports, with crew chief Ritchie Wauters.[21] Hmiel scored his first and only NASCAR victory at the Las Vegas 350 in September, racing hard with Todd Bodine through lapped traffic, eventually bumping Bodine out of the way coming to the white flag.[22]

Hmiel returned to Busch Series competition at the 9th race of the season at Fontana for GIC-Mixon Motorsports, starting and finishing 32nd.[23] After running three more races with GIC, he drove two races for Akins Motorsports' No. 38 Dodge,[7] scoring a fourth-place finish at Milwaukee. In late October, Hmiel was signed to Braun Racing, replacing David Stremme in the TrimSpa X32 Dodge for the remainder of the season beginning at Atlanta Motor Speedway.[24] He had a best finish of 22nd in four starts for Braun. Hmiel also made his Nextel Cup Series debut in September at Fontana in the 23 car for Bill Davis Racing.[25] He ran 5 races for BDR, with a best finish of 24th at Kansas and Atlanta.

For 2005, Braun formed an alliance with Dale Earnhardt, Inc. and switched to Chevrolet. The team was also joined by new sponsor WinFuel Multivitamins, produced by TripSpa's parent company. Hmiel was in a series of commercials with Dale Earnhardt Jr. to promote his sponsor's product.[26] In addition to the full Busch Series schedule and a partial truck series schedule with Ballew, Braun and WinFuel fielded a 08 Chevrolet in a partial schedule in the Cup Series for Hmiel, debuting at Atlanta.[27]

During the Sharpie 250 at Bristol in April, Hmiel was involved in a very heated incident with Cup Series veteran Dale Jarrett after Hmiel spun him out on the front stretch with three laps to go. The two were racing for 12th and 13th place, and Hmiel had bumped and ran the last three drivers he had passed before getting to Jarrett's 90 car. Later, When an angry Jarrett leaned into Hmiel's window to question why Hmiel had spun him out, Hmiel appeared to have no remorse for his driving, then flipped the middle finger toward Jarrett as the latter was walking away. The incident was captured live on Fox Sports' national television broadcast (especially the finger gesture pointed at Jarrett) through Hmiel's in-car camera. Hmiel was fined $10,000 and docked 25 points in the standings for the incident.[28]

Ban from NASCAR

At Charlotte in May 2005, Hmiel was administered another substance test following Busch Series qualifying, after NASCAR officials observed Hmiel making "erratic moves" on the racetrack. In June at Dover, it was revealed that he had failed the test, and he was escorted from the garage by NASCAR officials. Hmiel had tested positive for marijuana and cocaine, and was suspended "indefinitely" starting in May 2005.[3][5][29] Hmiel was offered a chance at reinstatement after his second infraction, under condition that he submit to medical and psychological reviews, and frequent drug testing before reinstatement. In February, 2006, however, Hmiel failed a third and final drug test, and was banned for life from NASCAR.[3][4][5] He stated on WindTunnel with Dave Despain on April 4, 2010, and on several other occasions that his ban was "the best thing that's happened" to him.[4][30] The ban would be partially lifted in 2012 (see below).

During his four-year NASCAR career, Hmiel appeared in seven Nextel Cup races, 83 Busch races, and 29 Truck Series races. He had one win: in the Truck Series' Las Vegas 350 in 2004.

Hmiel was not paid his 2005 salary for races prior to the suspension, as Braun Racing alleged that Hmiel signed the contract in bad faith due to health concerns, leading Hmiel to sue the team for over $135,000 in earnings and another $135,000 for "bad faith dealings" by the team.[31] Under oath, Hmiel admitted that he violated NASCAR's substance abuse policy with a positive test for marijuana in 2003 and a positive test for marijuana and cocaine in 2005. Hmiel denied he was using drugs on a regular basis (at least once a week) in 2005. Hmiel denied that he had tested positive for heroin at any time from 2003 to 2005, and testified that he was not under the influence of any drug at any time while he was racing.[32] The disposition of the lawsuit is unknown.

Driving style

During his stock car career, Hmiel's talent was often eclipsed by his fiery temperament, over-aggressive and impatient driving, and unsportsmanlike conduct, leading to several on-and-off track altercations with other competitors. In a 2011 interview with Fox Sports's Steve Byrnes, Hmiel admitted "I'll run you over to win the race. I'd run you over to run 7th."[4] In addition to aforementioned incidents, Hmiel was involved in an incident at Rockingham Speedway in 2003 where he spun out Mike Wallace entering turns 1 and 2, with analyst Darrell Waltrip proclaiming on a replay that "Looking at that you'd say, Shane Hmiel just run over him." The two had a physical confrontation after leaving their cars, requiring NASCAR officials to separate the drivers. Wallace was later fined $3,000 for yelling an expletive on national television.[4][33]

Drug rehabilitation

A turning point in Hmiel's life came in July 2007, when he was involved in a bar fight that led to an infection in his hand due to teeth being lodged in it.[3] After spending 10 days in the hospital, Hmiel proceeded to check into drug rehab on July 23, 2007, at the Talbot Recover Center in Atlanta, GA. Deemed "extremely addicted", Hmiel spent 103 days at Talbot before checking out in October. During his stay, Hmiel confronted his emotional issues both on and off the track, leading to the diagnosis of bipolar disorder, as well as depression and anxiety.[3][4][5][34]

Open-wheel racing and redemption

After rehabilitation from drug addiction and three-years-sober, Hmiel returned to racing in open-wheeled cars, with the goal of becoming "the next American IndyCar driver."[35] He competed in all three national touring divisions of the United States Auto Club in the USAC Silver Crown Series, the USAC National Sprint Car Series, and the USAC National Midget Series.

In 2009, Hmiel earned his first USAC-sanctioned win in the Sprint Car division at Iowa Speedway and scored a then-career-best dirt track finish of second in the Four Crown Nationals at Eldora Speedway. Hmiel earned post-season honors as USAC's "Most Improved Driver." He was also named the Rookie of the Year in the 2009 Chili Bowl Midget Nationals in Tulsa, Oklahoma.

In 2010, he earned his first career Midget Series victory at Hickory Motor Speedway less than an hour from Mooresville, North Carolina, where he currently resides. The momentum from that victory carried on to other divisions. In the Sprint Car division, he broke the world speed record for a non-winged Sprint Car at Iowa Speedway, winning the pole with an average speed of 146.444 miles per hour. In addition to the speed record, he earned three victories, all on pavement, at O'Reilly Raceway Park at Indianapolis (twice) and Salem Speedway. In the Silver Crown division, he earned his first career series win and first dirt track win in the Hoosier Hundred race at the Indiana State Fairgrounds. During the season Hmiel became the first driver to win the Hoosier Hundred, Rich Vogler Classic, and Pat O'Connor Memorial, the three premier USAC midget-car races, in the same season.[3]

Hmiel was slated to make his debut in the Firestone Indy Lights series (the top feeder circuit to the IndyCar Series) at Chicagoland Speedway for the Chicagoland 100 on August 28, 2010,[36] but a back injury kept him from competing in the race.

Accident, paralysis, and recovery

While qualifying for a USAC Silver Crown race, Hmiel's car crashed at the Terre Haute Action Track on October 9, 2010.[3] The roll cage collapsed after hitting the retaining wall. He was airlifted to Methodist Hospital with head, back, and neck injuries. Shortly after arriving, he was in critical but stable condition after having been put into a medically induced coma to minimize brain swelling.[3] Hmiel was paralyzed as a result of his injuries; Hmiel has since regained limited use of his limbs, but continues to require the use of a wheelchair.[3]

Post-racing career

While in recovery from the aforementioned 2010 crash, Hmiel started a new USAC midget car team, partnering with former series champion Levi Jones.[37][38] One year after the accident, Jones would score a victory in a car owned by Hmiel.[38] Nearly two years after the accident, Hmiel was allowed back into a NASCAR garage for the first time since the 2006 ban, as a guest of Billy Ballew Motorsports and the crew chief, Nick Harrison (who had worked with Hmiel in the past) at Atlanta Motor Speedway, watching as Kurt Busch raced the team's No. 51 entry (in the truck Hmiel had won with in 2004) to a top-10 finish.[34]

In January 2013, Hmiel returned to racing in a driving experience event at Rockingham Speedway, a track Hmiel had raced on during his career. The event, hosted by Accessible Racing, allowed Hmiel as well as two disabled military veterans to run laps on the track at over 100 mph in a modified Gen-4 Ford Fusion stock car.[37][39][40]

In January 2016, Hmiel fielded a car at the Chili Bowl for Eric Saunders, a former motocross rider who had also been paralyzed in an accident.[38]

Motorsports career results

NASCAR

(key) (Bold – Pole position awarded by qualifying time. Italics – Pole position earned by points standings or practice time. * – Most laps led.)

Nextel Cup Series

NASCAR Nextel Cup Series results
Year Team No. Make 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 NNCC Pts Ref
2003 Petty Enterprises 43 Dodge DAY CAR LVS ATL DAR BRI TEX TAL MAR CAL RCH CLT DOV POC MCH SON DAY
DNQ 		CHI NHA POC IND GLN MCH BRI DAR RCH NHA DOV TAL KAN CLT MAR ATL PHO CAR HOM N/A - [41]
2004 Bill Davis Racing 23 Dodge DAY CAR LVS ATL DAR BRI TEX MAR TAL CAL RCH CLT DOV POC MCH SON DAY CHI NHA POC IND GLN MCH BRI CAL
39 		RCH
29 		NHA DOV TAL KAN
24 		CLT MAR ATL
24 		PHO DAR HOM
41 		51st 349 [42]
2005 Braun Racing 08 Chevy DAY CAL LVS ATL
43 		BRI
40 		MAR TEX PHO TAL DAR RCH CLT DOV POC MCH SON DAY CHI NHA POC IND GLN MCH BRI CAL RCH NHA DOV TAL KAN CLT MAR ATL TEX PHO HOM 74th 77 [43]

Busch Series

NASCAR Busch Series results
Year Team No. Make 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 NBSC Pts Ref
2002 Innovative Motorsports 47 Pontiac DAY
5 		TAL
21 		DAY
34 		16th 3416 [44]
Chevy CAR
36 		LVS
42 		DAR
19 		BRI
10 		TEX
26 		NSH
19 		CAL
23 		RCH
21 		NHA
4 		NZH
19 		CLT
31 		DOV
33 		NSH
9 		KEN
19 		MLW
6 		CHI
23 		GTY
26 		PPR
24 		IRP
39 		MCH
25 		BRI
24 		DAR
29 		RCH
28 		DOV
10 		KAN
14 		CLT
10 		MEM
11 		ATL
20 		CAR
8 		PHO
41 		HOM
16
2003 48 Pontiac DAY
17 		TAL
3 		DAY
10 		15th 3160 [45]
Chevy CAR
35 		LVS
12 		DAR
13 		BRI
7 		TEX
3 		NSH
14 		CAL
8 		RCH
8 		GTY
13 		NZH
19 		CLT
38 		DOV
13 		NSH
34 		KEN
19 		MLW
18 		CHI
16 		NHA
15 		PPR
14 		IRP
4* 		MCH
9 		BRI
4 		DAR
28 		RCH
10 		DOV KAN CLT MEM ATL PHO CAR HOM
2004 GIC-Mixon Motorsports 24 Chevy DAY CAR LVS DAR BRI TEX NSH TAL CAL
32 		GTY
28 		RCH CLT
35 		DOV
41 		NSH KEN 44th 868 [46]
Michael Waltrip Racing 99 Chevy NZH
QL†
Akins Motorsports 38 Dodge MLW
4 		DAY CHI NHA PPR IRP
12 		MCH BRI CAL RCH DOV KAN CLT MEM
Braun Racing 32 Chevy ATL
34 		PHO
32 		DAR
22 		HOM
22
2005 DAY
39 		CAL
3 		MXC
4 		LVS
36 		ATL
39 		NSH
3 		BRI
12 		TEX
10 		PHO
33 		TAL
43 		DAR
24 		RCH
17 		CLT
43 		DOV NSH KEN MLW DAY CHI NHA PPR GTY IRP GLN MCH BRI CAL RCH DOV KAN CLT MEM TEX PHO HOM 42nd 1228 [47]
† - Qualified for Michael Waltrip

Craftsman Truck Series

NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series results
Year Team No. Make 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 NCTC Pts Ref
2004 Billy Ballew Motorsports 15 Chevy DAY
14 		ATL
6 		MAR
35 		MFD
35 		CLT
6 		DOV
23 		TEX
26 		MEM
2 		MLW
12 		KAN
26 		KEN
34 		GTW
16 		MCH
8 		IRP
6 		NSH
11 		BRI
2 		RCH
7 		NHA
20 		LVS
1 		CAL
30 		TEX
10 		MAR
24 		PHO
4 		DAR
33 		HOM
27 		13th 2954 [48]
2005 DAY CAL ATL
32 		MAR
6 		GTY
14 		MFD
3 		CLT DOV TEX MCH MLW KAN KEN MEM IRP NSH BRI RCH NHA LVS MAR ATL TEX PHO HOM 42nd 513 [49]

References

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  2. ^ Tuttle, Tim (January 1, 2010). "Banned for life by NASCAR, Shane Hmiel is winning races again". Sports Illustrated. Sports Illustrated. Retrieved 3 October 2014.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Smith, Marty (November 24, 2012). "Broken body, repaired soul". espn.go.com. ESPN. Retrieved 2014-03-10.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g "Shane Hmiel's Story on NASCAR Race-Hub Part 1". YouTube.com. Fox Sports, SPEED, NASCAR Race Hub. July 21, 2011. Archived from the original on 2021-12-21. Retrieved 4 October 2014.
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  6. ^ a b c d Reinhard, Paul (May 19, 2002). "Young Hmiel has plenty of moxie". The Morning Call. Retrieved 6 February 2016.
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  10. ^ a b "BUSCH: Daytona: Innovative Motorsports race recap". motorsport.com. Palm Beach Gardens, Florida. February 20, 2002. Archived from the original on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 3 October 2014.
  11. ^ "BUSCH: Mike's Hard Lemonade dever? chegar Fittipaldi". motorsport.com. Miami, Florida. February 20, 2002. Archived from the original on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 3 October 2014.
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  18. ^ Schnatz, Pete (June 4, 2005). "Suspension invades thoughts Shane Hmiel's failed drug test dominated the rain-induced downtime discussion at Dover". philly.com. Dover, Delaware: Philadelphia Media Network. Archived from the original on January 5, 2015. Retrieved 5 January 2015.
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  20. ^ "BUSCH: Dover II: Jeff Green to drive No. 48". motorsport.com. Mooresville, North Carolina. September 19, 2003. Retrieved 3 October 2014.
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  23. ^ GIC-Mixon Motorsports (April 27, 2004). "BUSCH: Shane Hmiel to race Fontana event". motorsport.com. Mooresville, North Carolina. Retrieved 3 October 2014.
  24. ^ Braun Racing (October 27, 2004). "BUSCH: Shane Hmiel to pilot Braun Racing's Dodge". motorsport.com. Mooresville, North Carolina. Retrieved 3 October 2014.
  25. ^ Bill Davis Racing (September 1, 2004). "Fontana II: Shane Hmiel preview". motorsport.com. Retrieved 3 October 2014.
  26. ^ Braun Racing (February 17, 2005). "BUSCH: Daytona: Shame Hmiel preview". motorsport.com. Retrieved 3 October 2014.
  27. ^ Braun Racing (March 15, 2005). "BUSCH: Atlanta: Shane Hmiel preview". motorsport.com. Mooresville, North Carolina. Retrieved 3 October 2014.
  28. ^ Braun Racing (April 19, 2005). "BUSCH: Braun Racing will not appeal Bristol penalties". motorsport.com. Mooresville, North Carolina. Retrieved 3 October 2014.
  29. ^ NASCAR (June 2, 2005). "BUSCH: Hmiel suspended for substance abuse". motorsport.com. Daytona Beach, Florida. Retrieved 3 October 2014.
  30. ^ "The Rise and Fall (and Almost Rise Again) of Shane Hmiel". The View from Here:The Business of NASCAR. Virginia Commonwealth University. October 15, 2010. Retrieved 5 October 2014.
  31. ^ "Shane Hmiel Suspension". Jayski.com. Jayski's Silly Season Site. Archived from the original on 8 July 2014. Retrieved 3 October 2014.
  32. ^ Hmiel admits to positive tests for marijuana, cocaine
  33. ^ Whitehead, Bill (March 7, 2003). "NASCAR could use a few loose cannons". rpm.espn.com. ESPN. Retrieved 4 October 2014.
  34. ^ a b Pockrass, Bob (September 1, 2012). "Shane Hmiel has emotional night in first return to a NASCAR track since 2005". Sporting News. Hampton, Georgia. Retrieved 26 October 2014.
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  39. ^ "TRUCKS: Shane Hmiel's Race to Recovery Ten Years Later". Fox Sports NASCAR. Fox Sports. September 20, 2014. Retrieved 5 October 2014. After NASCAR banned Shane Hmiel for life due to drug use, he was involved in an unfortunate open wheel accident. Shane talks to FOX Sports about the good that has come of it.
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  42. ^ "Shane Hmiel – 2004 NASCAR Nextel Cup Series Results". Racing-Reference. NASCAR Digital Media, LLC. Retrieved April 5, 2023.
  43. ^ "Shane Hmiel – 2005 NASCAR Nextel Cup Series Results". Racing-Reference. NASCAR Digital Media, LLC. Retrieved April 5, 2023.
  44. ^ "Shane Hmiel – 2002 NASCAR Busch Series Results". Racing-Reference. NASCAR Digital Media, LLC. Retrieved April 5, 2023.
  45. ^ "Shane Hmiel – 2003 NASCAR Busch Series Results". Racing-Reference. NASCAR Digital Media, LLC. Retrieved April 5, 2023.
  46. ^ "Shane Hmiel – 2004 NASCAR Busch Series Results". Racing-Reference. NASCAR Digital Media, LLC. Retrieved April 5, 2023.
  47. ^ "Shane Hmiel – 2005 NASCAR Busch Series Results". Racing-Reference. NASCAR Digital Media, LLC. Retrieved April 5, 2023.
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  49. ^ "Shane Hmiel – 2005 NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series Results". Racing-Reference. NASCAR Digital Media, LLC. Retrieved April 5, 2023.
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