Spire Global

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Spire Global, Inc.
Company typePublic
NYSE: SPIR
IndustryData & Analytics, Aerospace
Founded2012 (2012)[1]
FounderPeter Platzer, Joel Spark, Jeroen Cappaert[citation needed]
Headquarters
San Francisco, California
,
U.S.
Number of locations
8 (2022)[2]
Area served
Worldwide
Key people
Peter Platzer (CEO)
[3]
ProductsSpire Sense Cloud (Satellite and Terrestrial AIS Data)

Spire AirSafe (Satellite ADS-B Data) Spire Stratos (GPS-RO Data) Spire Forecast (NWP)

Orbital Services
ServicesSatellite-based maritime, aviation, and weather tracking
Number of employees
424[4]
Divisionsspire.com/maritime/

spire.com/weather/ spire.com/aviation/ spire.com/space-services/

spire.com/federal/
Websitespire.com

Spire Global, Inc. is a space-to-cloud data and analytics company that specializes in the tracking of global data sets powered by a large constellation of nanosatellites, such as the tracking of maritime, aviation and weather patterns.[5]

The company currently operates a fleet of more than 110 CubeSats, the second largest commercial constellation by number of satellites,[6] and the largest by number of sensors. The satellites are integrally designed and built in-house. It has launched more than 140 satellites to orbit since its creation.[7]

The company has offices in San Francisco, Boulder, Washington, D.C., Glasgow, Luxembourg, Munich, Singapore, and Cambridge (Ontario).[2]

History

Early years

Spire was originally known as NanoSatisfi Inc.[8] NanoSatisfi was founded in June 2012 in San Francisco by International Space University graduates Peter Platzer, Jeroen Cappaert and Joel Spark as part of ArduSat, a project aiming to “democratize access to space”.[9] Tests for early prototypes were conducted over the summer and the fall through a high-altitude balloon.[10] This effort was partly financed through crowdfunding, with a KickStarter that raised Spire $106,330.[11] In November the company signed an agreement with NanoRacks for the deployment of two satellites in what was to become “the first U.S. Commercial Satellite Deployment from the International Space Station”.[12]

In order to raise the capital required for the manufacturing of those satellites, the company incubated with Lemnos Labs. It raised investments totaling $1.5M in a seed round by Shasta Ventures, Lemnos Labs, E-merge, Grishin Robotics, and Beamonte Investments in February 2013.[13] A year after signing with NanoRacks, on November 19, 2013, both ArduSat-1 and ArduSat-X (1U CubeSats) were successfully released from the Kibo Experiment Module of the International Space Station and quickly started transmitting data to Spire servers.[14]

Following this experimentation, Spire engineers opted to focus on 3U nanosatellites to start porting more complex payloads, launching the first iteration of its standard satellite format, Lemur-1, with the Dnepr rocket in June 2014, transiting from 1U to 3U in only seven months, and launching its first prototype just two years after incorporation.[15][16]

On the basis of this early success, Spire announced in July a follow-up $25M Series A funding round led by RRE Ventures and backed by Emerge, Mitsui & Co. Global Investment, and Mousse Partners.[17][18] The following month, the company announced that ArduSat would be spun-off of the company and would focus exclusively on educational technology in partnership with U.S. high schools.[3] Shortly after, Spire opened its Singapore office in late 2014 and started steadily increasing its network of ground stations.[19]

Growth

On June 30, 2015, the company announced a $40 Million Series B led by Promus Ventures with participation from Bessemer Venture Partners and Jump Capital.[20] in order to help finance the first batches of Lemur satellites. The first Lemur-2 were launched in September 2015 through the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle-XL, making Spire the first US-based operator to launch from India.[21] This launch inaugurated the Spire tradition to leave the naming of each satellite to employees, with the first 3 Lemurs christened respectively Joel, Peter and Jeroen after the company's co-founders.

A visualization of Spire Global's Weather Model

Facing increasing pressure to mass-produce satellites and constrained by the limited space in its San Francisco office, Spire opened an office in Glasgow in February 2015, initially leveraging Clyde Space's facilities, before opening its own full-fledged cleanroom for satellite manufacturing in December 2015.[22] The city was chosen to leverage the local know-how of what is widely considered the leading European ecosystem in small satellite production and establish a first foothold in Europe.[23] These facilities enabled Spire to quickly produce a first batch of four nanosatellites (launched in September) before manufacturing a full eight Lemur satellites ahead of an Atlas V launch in March 2016. This launch saw Spire cross the line of 10 simultaneously operating satellites in June of that year, following deployment from the ISS. Two additional launches were conducted that year, putting the total satellites sent to space by the company that year at sixteen, confirming its ability to industrialize the manufacturing process of its nanosatellites.[24]

Concomitantly, Spire opened a second U.S. campus in Boulder, Colorado, in January 2016. The company hired Dave Ector[25] – the former program manager for NASA’s COSMIC satellites – and Alexander MacDonald[26] – former director of NOAA’s Earth System Research Laboratory – and started drawing on the resources of the local weather ecosystem (powered by the University of Colorado Boulder) to kickstart its weather program in the city. To this effect, the team started working on Spire's own Global Navigation Satellite System Radio Occultation (GNSS-RO) payload, enabling the company to constantly collect highly accurate data on local atmospheric properties which greatly enhance the forecasting abilities of weather models.[25][27] This program quickly enabled Spire to participate in the inaugural Commercial Weather Data Pilot program of the U.S. National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration in September 2016.[28] Spire's participation was confirmed and broadened in September 2018 for the second round of the CWDP program.[29] This program aims to enable weather-focused administrations to procure data (largely obtained from Radio Occultation profiles) created by private entities in order to improve the precision of the publicly available weather models.

A visualization of Spire Maritime's AIS archive over the Persian Gulf

Over 2017, the company launched 6 missions, yielding an additional 36 operated satellites despite the critical failure of a Soyuz vehicle carrying 10 Lemurs in November.[30] Spire closed the year by completing a $70m Series C led by the Government of Luxembourg (through its national Luxembourg Future Fund), and opened its second European campus in the city, enabling the company's access to regional talent and facilities.[31] This round put the total amount of capital raised by Spire at $140.5m.

In early 2018, Spire participated in the second flight of Rocket Lab’s Electron rocket, and was selected for Arianespace’s Vega Proof of Concept,[32] further broadening its launch portfolio. It participated in a total of 7 launch missions – yielding 28 new operated satellites – and developed its own ADS-B payload able to track the movement of equipped airplanes across areas that conventional ground radars can not cover, and that is quickly becoming a standard following the MH370 disappearance.[33]

In 2019, the company formalized its first business unit as Spire Maritime, based in Luxembourg,[34] and launched its 100th Lemur satellite on April 1st.[35]

On March 1, 2021, the company announced an agreement to go public via a merger with the SPAC (special-purpose acquisition company) Navsight. The merger, completed in the third quarter of 2021, valued the company at $1.6 billion.[36]

Spire's stock began trading in New York stock exchange on August 17, 2021. Spire had a market value of $1.6 billion and about $265 million in cash on its books after the close of the SPAC merger. In the year before, 2020, Spire had booked $36 million in revenue. Also at the time of stock market debut, the company had more than 110 satellites in orbit and ground stations in 16 countries, with more than 70 antennas on its ground stations. At the time, Spire did not expect to grow its constellation of Lemur satellites, as the company did not see “any customer demand” that would require a larger constellation of satellites. Despite not growing its constellation, Spire would continue to build and launch satellites as the Lemur satellites are refreshed on a three-year hardware replacement cycle. When listing in the stock exchange Spire had offices in four countries: the U.S., the U.K., Luxembourg and Singapore and customers in nearly 30 countries.[37]

Due to missing projected revenue targets and rising losses, Spire's market value started falling after the first quarterly report. As of April 30, 2022, the company had a market cap of $231 million, less than half of the $557 million in capital invested in the company, and less than the cash on its books after the close of the SPAC merger.[38]

On 13 November 2024, Spire Global announced the selling of its ship-tracking (AIS tracking) business to Kpler of Belgium for $241 million. Kpler gets the exclusive rights to all ship tracking data from Spire's satellites. Spire retains ownership of its satellites, infrastructure, and technology so Spire is selling only the ship-tracking data portion of its business. US government clients of Spire's maritime business remain clients of Spire and do not become clients of the Belgian company Kpler. The proceeds of the trade are expected to shore up Spire's troubled financials. The proceeds might be used to cover Spire's $100 million debt.[39]

Satellite

Spire engineers assemble a batch of Lemur satellites

Spire's Lemur satellites are flexible platforms built to operate a variety of in-house or hosted payloads. It currently commercializes its platform on a “Space-as-a-Service” offering with aerospace and defence customers.[40]

Spire designs, builds, tests, and operates all its satellites in-house at its Glasgow offices. The company uses minimally adapted COTS electronics to reduce cost.[41] The satellites are placed in low Earth orbit and are scheduled to be retired and replaced every two to three years.[42][43]

Spire adheres to internationally recognized guidelines for disposal of old satellites.[44]

The company's satellites are multi-sensor. Data types such as Automatic Identification System (AIS) service are used for tracking sea vessels. This data is valuable for use in illegal fishing, trade monitoring, maritime domain awareness, insurance, asset tracking, search and rescue, and prevention of piracy, among others.[33] Spire's Sense product leveraging the company's AIS data set was officially launched in February 2019.[34]

The GNSS-RO weather payload measure temperature, pressure, among other key characteristics across a “slice” of the atmosphere, or "profile". These characteristics are highly valuable for public and private weather forecasters across the world as they strongly increase the forecasting capabilities of weather models.[25][27]

ADS-B sensors were launched in 2018 to permanently track aircraft across all skies. This data is getting increasingly regarded as the new standard for modern aviation as it enables air controllers and companies to constantly monitor aircraft across isolated areas and oceans which ground-based radars are not able to cover.[45]

In 2020, Spire announced its intention to add intersatellite links to its satellites, allowing for lower latency between data collection and delivery to a gateway site.[46]

List of satellites

Satellite List[47][48]
NORAD CAT ID Satellite Name Launch Date Launch Vehicle Site De-Orbit Date
40044 LEMUR 1 2014-06-19 Dnepr[49] Yasny
40932 LEMUR 2 JOEL 2015-09-28 PSLV-XL Satish Dhawan
40933 LEMUR 2 CHRIS 2015-09-28
40934 LEMUR 2 JEROEN 2015-09-28
40935 LEMUR 2 PETER 2015-09-28
41485 LEMUR 2 THERESACONDOR 2016-03-23 Atlas V 401 Cape Canaveral 2017-03-30
41488 LEMUR 2 NICK-ALLAIN 2016-03-23 2017-04-05
41489 LEMUR 2 KANE 2016-03-23 2017-04-07
41490 LEMUR 2 JEFF 2016-03-23 2017-03-24
41595 LEMUR 2 DRMUZZ 2016-03-23 2017-06-25
41596 LEMUR 2 BRIDGEMAN 2016-03-23 2017-03-08
41597 LEMUR 2 CUBECHEESE 2016-03-23 2017-03-06
41598 LEMUR 2 NATE 2016-03-23 2017-02-27
LEMUR-2 BECCADEWEY 2016-03-23 Atlas V 401 Cape Canaveral Deploy Failure
41871 LEMUR 2 XIAOQING 2016-10-17 Antares-230 MARS
41872 LEMUR 2 SOKOLSKY 2016-10-17
41873 LEMUR 2 ANUBHAVTHAKUR 2016-10-17
41874 LEMUR 2 WINGO 2016-10-17
42059 LEMUR 2 REDFERN-GOES 2016-12-09 H-2B Tanegashima 2018-12-05
42067 LEMUR 2 TRUTNA 2016-12-09 2018-04-15
42068 LEMUR 2 AUSTINTACIOUS 2016-12-09 2018-10-04
42069 LEMUR 2 TRUTNAHD 2016-12-09 2018-11-13
41991 LEMUR 2 SATCHMO 2017-02-15 PSLV-XL Satish Dhawan
41992 LEMUR 2 MIA-GRACE 2017-02-15
41993 LEMUR 2 SMITA-SHARAD 2017-02-15
41994 LEMUR 2 SPIRE-MINIONS 2017-02-15
41995 LEMUR 2 RDEATON 2017-02-15
41996 LEMUR 2 NOGUECORREIG 2017-02-15
41997 LEMUR 2 JOBANPUTRA 2017-02-15
41998 LEMUR 2 TACHIKOMA 2017-02-15
42752 LEMUR 2 ANGELA 2017-04-18 Atlas V 401 Cape Canaveral
42753 LEMUR 2 JENNYBARNA 2017-04-18
42754 LEMUR 2 ROBMOORE 2017-04-18
42755 LEMUR 2 SPIROVISION 2017-04-18
42771 LEMUR 2 SHAINAJOHL 2017-06-23 PSLV-XL Satish Dhawan
42772 LEMUR 2 XUENITERENCE 2017-06-23
42773 LEMUR 2 LUCYBRYCE 2017-06-23
42774 LEMUR 2 KUNGFOO 2017-06-23
42779 LEMUR 2 LYNSEY-SYMO 2017-06-23
42780 LEMUR 2 LISASAURUS 2017-06-23
42781 LEMUR 2 SAM-AMELIA 2017-06-23
42782 LEMUR 2 MCPEAKE 2017-06-23
42837 LEMUR 2 GREENBERG 2017-07-14 Soyuz-2.1a Baikonur
42838 LEMUR 2 ANDIS 2017-07-14
42839 LEMUR 2 MONSON 2017-07-14
42840 LEMUR 2 FURIAUS 2017-07-14
42841 LEMUR 2 PETERG 2017-07-14
42842 LEMUR 2 DEMBITZ 2017-07-14
42845 LEMUR 2 ZACHARY 2017-07-14
42881 LEMUR 2 ARTFISCHER 2017-07-14
43041 LEMUR 2 ROCKETJONAH 2017-11-12 Antares-230 MARS
43045 LEMUR 2 YONGLIN 2017-11-12
43046 LEMUR 2 KEVIN 2017-11-12
43047 LEMUR 2 BRIANDAVIE 2017-11-12
43048 LEMUR 2 ROMACOSTE 2017-11-12
43051 LEMUR 2 MCCULLAGH 2017-11-12
43053 LEMUR 2 DUNLOP 2017-11-12
43054 LEMUR 2 LIU-POU-CHUN 2017-11-12
LEMUR-2 MCGARVEY 2017-11-28 Soyuz-2.1b Vostochny Launch Failure
LEMUR-2 BENYEOH 2017-11-28 Launch Failure
LEMUR-2 HARVEY 2017-11-28 Launch Failure
LEMUR-2 MATTHEW 2017-11-28 Launch Failure
LEMUR-2 MAXIMILLIE 2017-11-28 Launch Failure
LEMUR-2 SMILLIE-FACE 2017-11-28 Launch Failure
LEMUR-2 NRE-METTS 2017-11-28 Launch Failure
LEMUR-2 CYLONRAIDER 2017-11-28 Launch Failure
LEMUR-2 ECTOR 2017-11-28 Launch Failure
LEMUR-2 CRAIG 2017-11-28 Launch Failure
43123 LEMUR 2 MCCAFFERTY 2018-01-12 PSLV-XL Satish Dhawan 2023-04-19
43124 LEMUR 2 PETERWEBSTER 2018-01-12 2023-05-09
43125 LEMUR 2 BROWNCOW 2018-01-12 2023-04-19
43126 LEMUR 2 DAVEWILSON 2018-01-12 2023-04-05
43165 LEMUR 2 MARSHALL 2018-01-21 Electron Mahia 2023-08-22
43167 LEMUR 2 TALLHAMN-ATC 2018-01-21 2023-11-09
43182 LEMUR 2 JIN-LUEN 2018-02-01 Soyuz-2.1a Vostochny
43183 LEMUR 2 URAMCHANSOL 2018-02-01
43184 LEMUR 2 KADI 2018-02-01
43185 LEMUR 2 THENICKMOLO 2018-02-01
43558 LEMUR 2 VU 2018-05-21 Antares-230 MARS 2023-02-06
43559 LEMUR 2 ALEXANDER 2018-05-21 2023-01-13
43560 LEMUR 2 YUASA 2018-05-21 2023-01-18
43561 LEMUR 2 TOMHENDERSON 2018-05-21 2023-02-13
43695 LEMUR 2 ZUPANSKI 2018-11-11 Electron Mahia 2023-10-05
43697 LEMUR 2 CHANUSIAK 2018-11-11 2023-09-06
43731 LEMUR 2 ORZULAK 2018-11-29 PSLV-CA Satish Dhawan 2023-02-03
43732 LEMUR 2 KOBYSZCZE 2018-11-29 2023-02-03
43745 LEMUR 2 DULY 2018-11-29 2023-02-20
43746 LEMUR 2 VLADIMIR 2018-11-29 2023-01-13
43882 LEMUR 2 CHRISTINAHOLT 2018-12-27 Soyuz-2.1a Vostochny
43883 LEMUR 2 TINYKEV 2018-12-27
43884 LEMUR 2 REMY-COLTON 2018-12-27
43885 LEMUR 2 GUSTAVO 2018-12-27
43886 LEMUR 2 ZO 2018-12-27
43887 LEMUR 2 NATALIEMURRAY 2018-12-27
43888 LEMUR 2 SARAHBETTYBOO 2018-12-27
43889 LEMUR 2 DAISY-HARPER 2018-12-27
44084 LEMUR-2 JOHANLORAN 2019-04-01 PSLV-QL Satish Dhawan 2023-03-07
44085 LEMUR-2 BEAUDACIOUS 2019-04-01 2023-06-30
44086 LEMUR-2 ELHAM 2019-04-01 2023-05-03
44087 LEMUR-2 VICTOR-ANDREW 2019-04-01 2023-03-15
44402 LEMUR 2 WANLI 2019-07-05 Soyuz-2.1b Vostochny
44396 LEMUR 2 LILLYJO 2019-07-05
44405 LEMUR 2 DUSTINTHEWIND 2019-07-05
44409 LEMUR 2 EJATTA 2019-07-05
44403 LEMUR 2 MORAG 2019-07-05
44411 LEMUR 2 GREGROBINSON 2019-07-05
44413 LEMUR 2 YNDRD 2019-07-05
44407 LEMUR 2 ALEX-MADDY 2019-07-05
44861 LEMUR 2 PAPPY 2019-12-11 PSLV-QL Satish Dhawan
44860 LEMUR 2 HIMOMANDDAD 2019-12-11
44855 LEMUR 2 JPGSQUARED 2019-12-11
44863 LEMUR 2 THEODOSIA 2019-12-11
LEMUR 2 FJMSRBIJANKA 2020-09-02 Vega Kourou
LEMUR 2 DAVEHARTZELL 2020-09-03
46298 LEMUR 2 ETHANOAKES 2020-09-03
46315 LEMUR 2 SCHMIDTFALL 2020-09-03
46316 LEMUR 2 DJUPROERA 2020-09-03
46317 LEMUR 2 SQUAREJAWS 2020-09-03
46299 LEMUR 2 OSCARLATOR 2020-09-03
46318 LEMUR 2 URSA AVION 2020-09-03
46502 LEMUR 2 SUSURRUS 2020-09-28 Soyuz-2.1b Plesetsk
46500 LEMUR 2 SLICERS 2020-09-28
46503 LEMUR 2 NICHOL 2020-09-28
46501 LEMUR 2 DAYWZAGOODDAY 2020-09-28
46926 LEMUR 2 DJARA 2020-10-03 Antares-230+ MARS
46925 LEMUR 2 BAXTER-OLIVER 2020-10-03
46908 LEMUR 2 OZARAK 2020-11-07 PSLV-DL Satish Dhawan
46909 LEMUR 2 JINDRA 2020-11-07
46910 LEMUR 2 WALLACE 2020-11-07
46911 LEMUR 2 JEREMIAH 2020-11-07
47529 LEMUR 2 CHANTAL 2021-01-24 Falcon 9 Block 5 Cape Canaveral
47525 LEMUR 2 JENNIFERSONG 2021-01-24
47457 LEMUR 2 NALLYWACKER 2021-01-24
47450 LEMUR 2 NEVA 2021-01-24
47538 LEMUR 2 NOOBNOOB 2021-01-24
47511 LEMUR 2 RUAIRI-EILIDH 2021-01-24
47453 LEMUR 2 SAOIRSEDH5GUO 2021-01-24
47493 LEMUR 2 MANGO1 2021-01-24
48273 LEMUR 2 SPECIALK 2021-04-29 Vega Kourou
48269 LEMUR 2 SVANTE-AMANDA 2021-04-29
48885 LEMUR 2 JACKSON 2021-06-30 Falcon 9 Block 5 Cape Canaveral
48923 LEMUR 2 ANNABANANA 2021-06-30
48925 LEMUR 2 JOHN-TREIRES 2021-06-30
48927 LEMUR 2 AC-CUBED 2021-06-30
48929 LEMUR 2 MERIMA 2021-06-30
48959 LEMUR 2 CARLSANTAMARI 2021-06-30 2023-08-14
51021 LEMUR 2 RAMONAMAE 2022-01-13 Falcon 9 Block 5 Cape Canaveral
51022 LEMUR 2 KING-JULIEN 2022-01-13
51036 LEMUR 2 ROHOVITHSA (6U) 2022-01-13
51054 LEMUR 2 MIRIWARI (6U) 2022-01-13
51058 LEMUR 2 DJIRANG (6U) 2022-01-13
51100 LEMUR 2 KRYWE 2022-01-13 LauncherOne Mojave
52740 LEMUR 2 HANCOM-1 (6U) 2022-05-25 Falcon 9 Block 5 Cape Canaveral
52736 LEMUR 2 KAREN B 2022-05-25
52769 LEMUR 2 MIMI1307 2022-05-25
52732 LEMUR 2 TENNYSONLILY 2022-05-25
52733 LEMUR 2 VANDENDRIES 2022-05-25
55014 LEMUR 2 DISCLAIMER 2023-01-03 Falcon 9 Block 5 Cape Canaveral
55037 LEMUR 2 EMMACULATE 2023-01-03
55088 LEMUR 2 FUENTETAYA-01 2023-01-03
55038 LEMUR 2 MMOLO 2023-01-03
55013 LEMUR 2 PHILARI 2023-01-03
55017 LEMUR 2 STEVEALBERS 2023-01-03
56187 LEMUR 2 SPACEGUS 2023-04-15 Falcon 9 Block 5 Vandenberg
56182 LEMUR 2 ONREFLECTION (6U) 2023-04-15
56206 LEMUR 2 ROMEO-N-LEO 2023-04-15
57391 LEMUR 2 DEVERILL-M-T 2023-07-18 Electron Mahia
57390 LEMUR 2 MANO 2023-07-18
57391 LEMUR 2 MANGO2A 2023-11-11 Falcon 9 Block 5 Vandenberg, SLC-4E
57392 LEMUR 2 MANGO2B 2023-11-11
57393 LEMUR 2 NANAZ 2023-11-11
LEMUR 2 (Skylark) 2024-01-31 Electron Mahia
LEMUR 2 (Skylark) 2024-01-31
LEMUR 2 (Skylark) 2024-01-31
LEMUR 2 (Skylark) 2024-01-31
57394 LEMUR 2 CHARLIE-ROSE 2024-03-04 Falcon 9 Block 5 Vandenberg, SLC-4E
57395 LEMUR 2 FELDHUS 2024-03-04
57396 LEMUR 2 LLOYD 2024-08-16 Falcon 9 Block 5 Vandenberg, SLC-4E
57397 LEMUR 2 SIERRINI 2024-08-16
57398 LEMUR 2 SQUIRRELCOMM 2024-08-16
57399 LEMUR 2 AHMED-ASRAR 2024-08-16
LEMUR 2 TOMATOKECHUP (Hubble 3) 2024-08-16

See also

References

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