16th BRICS summit

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2024 BRICS summit
16th BRICS summit
← 15th 22–24 October 2024 17th →
Host country Russia
CitiesKazan
Participants Brazil
 Russia
 India
 China
 South Africa
 Egypt
 Ethiopia
 Iran
 United Arab Emirates
 United Nations
ChairVladimir Putin, President of Russia
Websitebrics-russia2024.ru

The 2024 BRICS summit was the sixteenth annual BRICS summit, held in Kazan, Russia. It was the first BRICS summit to include Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran, and the United Arab Emirates as members, following their accession to the organization at the 15th BRICS summit.

Outcome

BRICS representatives at the 2024 summit, from right to left: Mauro Vieira, Masoud Pezeshkian, Mohamed bin Zayed, Narendra Modi, Vladimir Putin, Xi Jinping, Cyril Ramaphosa, Abdel Fattah el-Sisi and Abiy Ahmed

The theme of the event was: “Strengthening Multilateralism for Fair Global Development and Security.”[1]

BRICS members introduced a payment system named BRICS Pay designed to facilitate transactions and the interchange of financial information between central banks of partnered nations, serving as an alternative to the Western interbank system SWIFT.[2] This system will facilitate international settlements.[3][4][5]

The BRICS Kazan Declaration has been adopted.[6][7] BRICS nations endorse reform of the UN and Security Council and the full participation of the State of Palestine in the United Nations, contingent upon the two-state solution.[8][8] BRICS nations consented to deliberate and investigate the feasibility of creating an autonomous cross-border settlement and depository system. The finance ministers of BRICS nations will persist in evaluating the utilization of national currencies, payment tools, and platforms during the forthcoming Presidency and will report on the outcomes.[9]

On October 24, Russia hosted a plenary session of the 16th BRICS Summit in the BRICS Plus/Outreach format, bringing together CIS leaders, delegations from Asian, African, Middle Eastern, and Latin American countries, and the heads of several international organizations.[10]

Thirteen nations have been added as partner countries of BRICS: Algeria, Belarus, Bolivia, Cuba, Indonesia, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Nigeria, Thailand, Turkey, Uganda, Uzbekistan, and Vietnam.[11]

Bilateral meetings

China-Russia

Meeting between Xi Jinping and Vladimir Putin at 2024 BRICS Summit

Chinese President Xi Jinping and Russian President Vladimir Putin held bilateral meeting in Kazan.[12] Presidents called China–Russia relations profound and unchanging in any turbulent geo-political situation, [13] and agreed that they must persist in advancing the comprehensive integration of the Belt and Road Initiative with the Eurasian Economic Union, therefore facilitating and bolstering the high-quality advancement of their economies. The parties concurred that, in light of the 80th anniversary of the establishment of the United Nations and the 80th anniversary of the victory in World War II in 2025, China and the Russian Federation will persist in enhancing their comprehensive strategic cooperation and upholding the international system centered on the United Nations.[14] The participants articulated their intention to enhance the BRICS cooperation framework and to achieve "Greater BRICS Cooperation".[15][16]

Russia expressed interests in an alternative international payment solutions among BRICS nation to avoid US secondary sanctions.[17]

India-China

PM Narendra Modi meeting President Xi Jinping at the 16th BRICS Summit

Indian PM Narendra Modi and Chinese President Xi Jinping held their first formal meeting in five years, since the deadly clash between militaries of the two nations in 2020.[18] The leaders declared they have reached a deal resolving a four-year stand-off, following by complete disengagement of troops.[19] President Xi emphasized the importance of the two ancient civilizations in the global south, stating India-China relations will set an example for other emerging nations.[20][21]

Modi stated that sustaining steady development of India–China relations is crucial for both nations and their populations, impacting the welfare and future of 2.8 billion individuals, and is also significant for regional and global peace and stability.[22] China and India regard this meeting as constructive and significant, agreeing to approach China-India ties from a strategic and long-term perspective to prevent individual issues from impacting the overall relationship between the two nations.[23][24]

India-Iran

Masoud Pezeshkian meets Modi during BRICS Summit

Indian PM Narendra Modi and Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian held bilateral meetings discussing continuation of Chabahar Port, the International North-South Transport Corridor, reconstruction of Afghanistan, economic and trade linkages to Central Asia, and minimising Israeli–Palestinian conflict.[25][26]

President Pezeshkian accepted the invitation to visit India offered by India.[27]

Russia-South Africa

South African President Cyril Ramaphosa held bilateral meeting with Russian President Vladimir Putin where he called Russia a "valued ally" for its support during apartheid.[28][29]

Participating leaders

In person

Indian prime minister Modi and South African president Ramaphosa chose to attend the BRICs summit instead of the 2024 Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting, which was held the same week in Samoa. The Independent observed that this is a sign the two Commonwealth of Nations states "place greater weight on maintaining relations with China and Russia than on the more diffuse attractions of CHOGM".[39]

Online

Two days before the start of the summit, Brazilian president Lula da Silva announced that he would not be attending in person due to a minor brain hemorrhage following a fall. However, he announced he would participate via videoconferencing. Foreign minister Mauro Vieira led the Brazilian delegation in place of da Silva.[40]

Host invited guests

Plenary session of the BRICS Summit in the Outreach/BRICS+ format
The heads of delegations attending the BRICS Summit in Kazan pose for photographs.
Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan, Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev and UAE President Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan
Russian President Vladimir Putin and UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres
Vladimir Putin meeting Egyptian President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi

Miguel Díaz-Canel, president of Cuba, was invited to the summit but stayed in Cuba due to the 2024 Cuba blackout. Aleksandar Vučić, president of Serbia, could not attend due to a conflicting visit from European Union representatives to Serbia. Both Cuba and Serbia sent representatives to the summit in place of their respective heads of state.[41]

Other attendees

Country/Institution Position Officeholder Source
 Armenia Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan [42]
 Azerbaijan President Ilham Aliyev [43]
 Bahrain Foreign Minister Abdullatif bin Rashid Al Zayani [44]
 Bangladesh Foreign Secretary Md. Jashim Uddin [45]
 Belarus President Alexander Lukashenko [43]
 Bolivia President Luis Arce [43]
 Congo President Denis Sassou Nguesso [46]
 Cuba Foreign Minister Bruno Rodríguez Parrilla [47]
 Indonesia Minister of Foreign Affairs Sugiono [48]
 Kazakhstan President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev [49]
 Kyrgyzstan President Sadyr Japarov [50]
 Laos President Thongloun Sisoulith [51]
 Malaysia Minister of Economy Rafizi Ramli [52]
 Mauritania President Mohamed Ould Ghazouani [53]
 Mongolia Head of the Presidential Administration Gombojavyn Zandanshatar [54]
 Nicaragua Minister of Foreign Affairs Valdrack Jaentschke [55]
 Palestine President Mahmoud Abbas [56]
 Saudi Arabia Foreign Minister Faisal bin Farhan Al Saud [57]
 Serbia Deputy Prime Minister Aleksandar Vulin [58]
 Sri Lanka Foreign Secretary Aruni Wijewardane [59]
 Republika Srpska
(Bosnia and Herzegovina) 		President Milorad Dodik [60]
 Tajikistan President Emomali Rahmon [61]
 Thailand Minister of Foreign Affairs Maris Sangiampongsa [62]
 Turkey President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan [63]
 Turkmenistan President Serdar Berdimuhamedow [64]
 Venezuela President Nicolás Maduro [65]
 Vietnam Prime Minister Pham Minh Chinh [66]
 United Nations Secretary General Antonio Guterres [67]
 Uzbekistan President Shavkat Mirziyoyev [68]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ The head of government of China is the Premier, while the President is legally a ceremonial office and has no real power in China's political system. However, the General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party (top position) has always held this office since 1993 except for the months of transition, and the current paramount leader is Xi Jinping.

References

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