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Note\n that "OR" is case sensitive.\n ')])]),e("tr",[e("td",[t._v("(fish OR bird) AND disease")]),e("td",[t._v("\n Finds citations containing either fish OR bird AND on top of\n that disease.\n ")])]),e("tr",[e("td",[t._v("microtub* disease")]),e("td",[t._v("\n Finds citations containing disease AND terms that start with\n microtub. Wildcard usage is limited and not allowed when\n resulting in too many clauses.\n ")])]),e("tr",[e("td",[t._v("microtubule cardiac -toxicity")]),e("td",[t._v("\n Finds citations containing microtubule AND cardiac but NOT\n toxicity\n ")])]),e("tr",[e("td",[t._v('With quotes: "green grass"')]),e("td",[t._v('\n "green grass" (with quotes) results in a search for\n '),e("em",[t._v("green grass")]),t._v(" as a sequence of two words. Bear in\n mind that when you use stop words (such as\n 'a','and','in','if', etc.) within a quoted phrase search\n this may give less accurate results due to the nature of the\n indexing mechanism.\n ")])]),e("tr",[e("td",[t._v("\n Without quotes or single quotes: green grass or 'green\n grass'\n ")]),e("td",[t._v("\n Using no quotes or single quotes is always less strict, and\n will give back all citations where the words green and grass\n occur, not necessarily sequentially.\n ")])]),e("tr",[e("td",[t._v('Hyphenated words: "non-vaccinated"')]),e("td",[t._v('\n If you are searching for a hyphenated word, e.g.,\n "non-vaccinated", you must enclose it in quotes to ensure it\n is treated as a single phrase. 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clinical studies records from\n the US NIH\n "),e("a",{attrs:{href:"//clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/home"}},[t._v("ClinicalTrials.gov")]),t._v("\n registry\n ")]),e("td",[e("a",{attrs:{href:"/search?page=1&query=ACCESSION_TYPE:nct&sortby=relevance"}},[t._v("ACCESSION_TYPE:nct")])])]),e("tr",[e("td",[t._v("\n Find articles that cite\n "),e("a",{attrs:{href:"//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/omim"}},[t._v("OMIM")]),t._v("\n records\n ")]),e("td",[e("a",{attrs:{href:"/search?page=1&query=ACCESSION_TYPE:omim&sortby=relevance"}},[t._v("ACCESSION_TYPE:omim")])])]),e("tr",[e("td",[t._v("\n Find articles that cite Protein Data Bank in Europe ("),e("a",{attrs:{href:"//www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbe/"}},[t._v("PDB")]),t._v(") records\n ")]),e("td",[e("a",{attrs:{href:"/search?page=1&query=ACCESSION_TYPE:pdb&sortby=relevance"}},[t._v("ACCESSION_TYPE:pdb")])])]),e("tr",[e("td",[t._v("\n Find articles that cite protein families ("),e("a",{attrs:{href:"//pfam.xfam.org/"}},[t._v("Pfam")]),t._v(") records\n ")]),e("td",[e("a",{attrs:{href:"/search?page=1&query=ACCESSION_TYPE:pfam&sortby=relevance"}},[t._v("ACCESSION_TYPE:pfam")])])]),e("tr",[e("td",[t._v("\n Find articles that cite\n "),e("a",{attrs:{href:"//www.proteomexchange.org/"}},[t._v("ProteomeXchange")]),t._v("\n records\n ")]),e("td",[e("a",{attrs:{href:"/search?page=1&query=ACCESSION_TYPE:pxd&sortby=relevance"}},[t._v("ACCESSION_TYPE:pxd")])])]),e("tr",[e("td",[t._v("\n Find articles that cite Reference Sequence Database ("),e("a",{attrs:{href:"//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/refseq/"}},[t._v("RefSeq")]),t._v(") records\n ")]),e("td",[e("a",{attrs:{href:"/search?page=1&query=ACCESSION_TYPE:refseq&sortby=relevance"}},[t._v("ACCESSION_TYPE:refseq")])])]),e("tr",[e("td",[t._v("\n Find articles that cite records in the dbSNP Short Genetic\n Variations database ("),e("a",{attrs:{href:"//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/projects/SNP/"}},[t._v("RefSNP")]),t._v(")\n ")]),e("td",[e("a",{attrs:{href:"/search?page=1&query=ACCESSION_TYPE:refsnp&sortby=relevance"}},[t._v("ACCESSION_TYPE:refsnp")])])]),e("tr",[e("td",[t._v("\n Find articles that cite the resource of protein sequence and\n functional information ("),e("a",{attrs:{href:"//www.ebi.ac.uk/uniprot/"}},[t._v("UniProt")]),t._v(")\n ")]),e("td",[e("a",{attrs:{href:"/search?page=1&query=ACCESSION_TYPE:uniprot&sortby=relevance"}},[t._v("ACCESSION_TYPE:uniprot")])])]),e("tr",[e("td",[t._v("\n Find articles that cite\n "),e("a",{attrs:{href:"//www.treefam.org/"}},[t._v("Treefam")]),t._v("\n (database of animal gene trees) records\n ")]),e("td",[e("a",{attrs:{href:"/search?page=1&query=ACCESSION_TYPE:treefam&sortby=relevance"}},[t._v("ACCESSION_TYPE:treefam")])])])])])]),e("h3",{attrs:{id:"sectionlevelsearch"}},[t._v("2.8 Section-level search")]),e("div",{staticClass:"table-overflow"},[e("table",{staticClass:"dark"},[e("tbody",[e("tr",[e("th",[t._v("Syntax word")]),e("th",[t._v("Description")]),e("th",[t._v("Example")])]),e("tr",[e("td",[t._v("ABBR:")]),e("td",[t._v('\n Find articles with word "mRNA" in the Abbreviations section\n ')]),e("td",[e("a",{attrs:{href:"/search?query=ABBR:mRNA&sortby=relevance"}},[t._v("ABBR:mRNA")])])]),e("tr",[e("td",[t._v("ACK_FUND:")]),e("td",[t._v('\n Find articles with word "ERC" in the Acknowledgements &\n Funding section\n ')]),e("td",[e("a",{attrs:{href:"/search?query=ACK_FUND:ERC&sortby=relevance"}},[t._v("ACK_FUND:ERC")])])]),e("tr",[e("td",[t._v("APPENDIX:")]),e("td",[t._v('\n Find articles with word "ethics" in the Appendix section\n ')]),e("td",[e("a",{attrs:{href:"/search?query=APPENDIX:ethics&sortby=relevance"}},[t._v("APPENDIX:ethics")])])]),e("tr",[e("td",[t._v("AUTH_CON:")]),e("td",[t._v('\n Find articles with phrase "Smith" in the Author Contribution\n section\n ')]),e("td",[e("a",{attrs:{href:"/search?query=AUTH_CON:%22Smith%22&sortby=relevance"}},[t._v('AUTH_CON:"Smith"')])])]),e("tr",[e("td",[t._v("CASE:")]),e("td",[t._v('\n Find articles with word "leukemia" in the Case Study section\n ')]),e("td",[e("a",{attrs:{href:"/search?query=CASE:leukemia&sortby=relevance"}},[t._v("CASE:leukemia")])])]),e("tr",[e("td",[t._v("COMP_INT:")]),e("td",[t._v('\n Find articles with phrase "no conflict" in the Competing\n Interest section\n ')]),e("td",[e("a",{attrs:{href:"/search?query=COMP_INT:%22no+conflict%22&sortby=relevance"}},[t._v('COMP_INT:"no conflict"')])])]),e("tr",[e("td",[t._v("CONCL:")]),e("td",[t._v('\n Find articles with word "osteoporosis" in the Conclusion\n section\n ')]),e("td",[e("a",{attrs:{href:"/search?query=CONCL:osteoporosis&sortby=relevance"}},[t._v("CONCL:osteoporosis")])])]),e("tr",[e("td",[t._v("DISCUSS:")]),e("td",[t._v('\n Find articles with word "cardiovascular" in the Discussion\n section\n ')]),e("td",[e("a",{attrs:{href:"/search?query=DISCUSS:cardiovascular&sortby=relevance"}},[t._v("DISCUSS:cardiovascular")])])]),e("tr",[e("td",[t._v("FIG:")]),e("td",[t._v('\n Find articles with phrase "in vitro" in the Figures section\n ')]),e("td",[e("a",{attrs:{href:"/search?query=FIG:%22in+vitro%22&sortby=relevance"}},[t._v('FIG:"in vitro"')])])]),e("tr",[e("td",[t._v("INTRO:")]),e("td",[t._v('\n Find articles with phrase "protein interactions" in the\n Introduction & Background section\n ')]),e("td",[e("a",{attrs:{href:"/search?query=INTRO:%22protein+interactions%22&sortby=relevance"}},[t._v('INTRO:"protein interactions"')])])]),e("tr",[e("td",[t._v("KEYWORD:")]),e("td",[t._v('\n Find articles with word "isoform" in the Keywords section\n ')]),e("td",[e("a",{attrs:{href:"/search?query=KEYWORD:isoform&sortby=relevance"}},[t._v("KEYWORD:isoform")])])]),e("tr",[e("td",[t._v("METHODS:")]),e("td",[t._v('\n Find articles with phrase "yeast two-hybrid" in the\n Materials & Methods section\n ')]),e("td",[e("a",{attrs:{href:"/search?query=METHODS:%22yeast+two-hybrid%22&sortby=relevance"}},[t._v('METHODS:"yeast two-hybrid"')])])]),e("tr",[e("td",[t._v("OTHER:")]),e("td",[t._v('\n Find articles with phrase "transgenic mice" in the Others\n section\n ')]),e("td",[e("a",{attrs:{href:"/search?query=OTHER:%22transgenic+mice%22&sortby=relevance"}},[t._v('OTHER:"transgenic mice"')])])]),e("tr",[e("td",[t._v("REF:")]),e("td",[t._v('\n Find articles with word "COX2" in the References section\n ')]),e("td",[e("a",{attrs:{href:"/search?query=REF:COX2&sortby=relevance"}},[t._v("REF:COX2")])])]),e("tr",[e("td",[t._v("RESULTS:")]),e("td",[t._v('\n Find articles with phrase "in vivo" in the Results section\n ')]),e("td",[e("a",{attrs:{href:"/search?query=RESULTS:%22in+vivo%22&sortby=relevance"}},[t._v('RESULTS:"in vivo"')])])]),e("tr",[e("td",[t._v("SUPPL:")]),e("td",[t._v('\n Find articles with word "supplementary" in the Supplementary\n Information section, indicating where supplementary data\n might be available\n ')]),e("td",[e("a",{attrs:{href:"/search?query=SUPPL:supplementary&sortby=relevance"}},[t._v("SUPPL:supplementary")])])]),e("tr",[e("td",[t._v("TABLE:")]),e("td",[t._v('\n Find articles with word "comparison" in the Tables section\n ')]),e("td",[e("a",{attrs:{href:"/search?query=TABLE:comparison&sortby=relevance"}},[t._v("TABLE:comparison")])])])])])])]:"searchcombinations"===a.id?[e("div",{staticClass:"table-overflow"},[e("table",{staticClass:"dark"},[e("tbody",[e("tr",[e("th",[t._v("Combination")]),e("th",[t._v("Description")])]),e("tr",[e("td",[e("a",{attrs:{href:"/search?query=TITLE%3Apancreatitis%09IN_EPMC%3Ay"}},[t._v("TITLE:pancreatitis IN_EPMC:y")])]),e("td",[t._v("\n Finds citations in Europe PMC with word pancreatitis in\n title\n ")])]),e("tr",[e("td",[e("a",{attrs:{href:"/search?query=AUTH%3Afrossard%20TITLE%3Aacute%20pancreatitis"}},[t._v("AUTH:frossard TITLE:acute pancreatitis")])]),e("td",[t._v("\n Finds citations from author Frossard with acute pancreatitis\n in the title\n ")])]),e("tr",[e("td",[e("a",{attrs:{href:"/search?query=TITLE%3Apanc*%20AUTH%3Afrossard"}},[t._v("TITLE:panc* AUTH:frossard")])]),e("td",[t._v("\n Finds citations from author Frossard where a word in the\n title starts with 'panc' i.e pancreatic, pancreas, PANCEA\n "),e("i",[t._v("(A question mark represents a wildcard for one position,\n the star any number of positions)")])])]),e("tr",[e("td",[e("a",{attrs:{href:"/search?query=JOURNAL%3Alancet%09AUTH%3Afrossard"}},[t._v("JOURNAL:lancet AUTH:frossard")])]),e("td",[t._v("\n Finds citations in journal The Lancet from author Frossard\n ")])]),e("tr",[e("td",[e("a",{attrs:{href:"/search?query=ISSN%3A0140-6736%09AUTH%3Afrossard%20%20%22acute%20pancreatitis%22"}},[t._v('ISSN:0140-6736 AUTH:frossard "acute pancreatitis"')])]),e("td",[t._v('\n Finds citations from journal The Lancet (ISSN 0140-6736)\n with author Frossard and phrase "acute pancreatitis"\n ')])]),e("tr",[e("td",[e("a",{attrs:{href:"/search?query=AUTH%3Afrossard%20AUTH%3Asteer%20HAS_ABSTRACT%3Ay"}},[t._v("AUTH:frossard AUTH:steer HAS_ABSTRACT:y")])]),e("td",[t._v("Finds abstracts by authors Steer and Frossard")])]),e("tr",[e("td",[e("a",{attrs:{href:"/search?query=GRANT_ID%3A058922%20IN_EPMC%3Ay"}},[t._v("GRANT_ID:058922 IN_EPMC:y")])]),e("td",[t._v("\n Finds citations in Europe PMC with grant 058922 attached\n ")])]),e("tr",[e("td",[e("a",{attrs:{href:"/search?query=GRANT_ID%3A%22058992%22%20AUTH%3Anoor"}},[t._v('GRANT_ID:"058992" AUTH:noor')])]),e("td",[t._v("\n Finds citations containing author Noor with grant 058992\n attached\n ")])]),e("tr",[e("td",[e("a",{attrs:{href:"/search?query=GRANT_ID%3A05*%20AUTH%3Aamin"}},[t._v("GRANT_ID:05* AUTH:amin")])]),e("td",[t._v("\n Finds citations containing author Amin and a grant starting\n 05\n "),e("i",[t._v("(A question mark represents a wildcard for one position,\n the star any number of positions)")])])])])])])]:t._e()]}}])},[e("p",{attrs:{slot:"section-start-slot"},slot:"section-start-slot"},[t._v("\n This site offers an\n "),e("a",{attrs:{href:"/advancesearch"}},[t._v("advanced search")]),t._v(" function as well the quick\n search function direct from the search box. Below is a table that\n describes basic syntax form and examples of how these can be used.\n ")])])],1)},s=[],n=r("8cfc"),i={metaInfo:function(){return{title:"Search syntax - Help - Europe PMC"}},components:{StaticPageLayout:n["a"]},data:function(){return{title:"Search syntax reference",sections:[{id:"direct-search",heading:"h2",title:"1. Direct search",collapsible:!0,visible:!0,highlight:!0,scroll:!0},{id:"field-search",heading:"h2",title:"2. 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